Chapter 97 Section five

During the joint resistance war between Long Yun and Chiang Kai-shek, the local government and the central government, frictions and contradictions between the two sides were also accumulating.After the Anti-Japanese War began, a large number of central troops stationed in Yunnan, and the evacuated central agencies also set up institutions in Yunnan. The original pattern of Yunnan being monolithic and only subordinated to Long Yun was broken. He has the authority of all the troops in Yunnan, but he has no command over the Central Army. Long Yun is no longer the only king of this red land. And Long Yun was never reconciled to Chiang Kai-shek taking the opportunity of resisting Japan to eat up his Yunnan.He stipulated that the Central Gendarmerie is not allowed to station and perform tasks in the suburbs, the central troops are not allowed to pass through and station in the urban area of ​​Kunming, and the troops of the Defense Command must be stationed 20 miles away from the urban area.These regulations made the Chiang Kai-shek group, which is above the whole country, deeply feel the hatred of the local emperor.

During the Anti-Japanese War, the contradiction between Longjiang and Jiangxi was temporarily covered up by foreign wars, but it has been repeatedly manifested during the war. In June 1939, the Kunming Air Force Academy Special Task Force began to carry out a secret mission - to collect information on the Longyun Group, including Longyun's attitude towards the central government, Yunnan's existing military strength and deployment, and the names and ages of officers above the regiment leader , origin, native place, main experience and personnel relationship, etc.As early as 1938, the military command stationed a large number of spies in Yunnan for frequent activities. Long Yun was very annoyed and asked Chiang Kai-shek to withdraw them;

Long Yun felt dangerous, and when he used his own strength, he had a good impression of the anti-Chiang democracy movement.During the Anti-Japanese War, many progressive intellectuals entered Yunnan, and Long Yun established a close relationship with them. Professors from Southwest Associated University could meet and communicate with him at any time.In addition to the motivation of anti-Chiang self-preservation, Long Yun's political thought has also been affected to some extent. In 1943, Long Yun returned to Zhaotong, his hometown after a long absence, and gave a speech "The people are the most important, the king is the lightest" at the mass meeting in his hometown.He broke away from the speech script and gave a rash speech for more than two hours. He asked the audience: "Why do you have to stand at attention when Chairman Jiang is mentioned?" He also asked: "What is democracy? What is the difference between democracy and dictatorship?" Great shock the masses.This speech was also published on the Zhaotong edition of "Diandong Daily" and "Yunnan Daily".

During his stay in his hometown, he was interviewed by Huang Jizhou, who was in charge of the "Diandong 1=1 Newspaper", and vigorously criticized the Chiang Kai-shek Group: "It is very important to cultivate talents, especially to send overseas students abroad. Last year, I planned to send a group of students to study abroad. Everything I will bear the expenses. Unexpectedly, from last year to this year, it is difficult to get a passport to go abroad; and people from various central departments, if they want to send their children to study abroad at public expense, they can apply for a passport at any time. We pay our own money to send students to train but To be so hard-pressed!"

Long Yun took a laissez-faire and even supportive attitude towards the pro-democracy movement in Kunming.In Kunming, democrats can run magazines, publish posters, give speeches, and even hold demonstrations. On the eve of May 4th in 1944, the underground organization of the Communist Party of China, with the Southwest Associated University as the main force, prepared large-scale commemorative activities.He Yingqin said to Long Yun: "As long as a few policemen are sacrificed, these activities can be suppressed." It means killing a few policemen and planting students as a pretext for suppression.Long Yun said lightly: "This is a small matter, let me handle it." As a result, the 255 lectures, campfire meetings, posters, and parades commemorating the May Fourth Movement were all carried out safely under the protection of Long Yun. 1

Due to Long Yun's support and protection for the democratic movement, although the spies were secretly operating in Kunming, they only dared to engage in intelligence. There were no arrests or assassinations that occurred at any time elsewhere in Kunming; Yu Ganqing and Guizhou, Yunnan not.Therefore, Kunming was the city with the strongest democratic atmosphere in Quanwen at that time, and was called the "Fortress of Democracy"; Kunming's parks were full of posters and speeches, and it was called "China's Hyde Park."Long Yun is quite proud of this. As the war of resistance gradually moved towards victory, Long Yun thought about the future of China, Yunnan and himself.He felt that Chiang Kai-shek's regime would not last long, but he, the king of Yunnan, would also fall. China's future is likely to belong to the CCP and the democrats. In this situation, he has to further penetrate the democrats with whom he has a good impression and connection.He made a major decision: to join the China Democratic League.

One day at the end of 1944, in Long Mansion, Long Yun secretly joined the Democratic League.Those present included Chu Tunan, Wen Yiduo, Feng Suotao and others.After taking the oath, Long Yun destroyed the membership application and oath in the presence of the supervisor.Long Yun's joining the League was only known to a very small number of high-level people in the Democratic League. After that, Zhang Lan, the top leader of the Democratic League, directly contacted him in secret. Until 1949, Long Yun joined the Democratic Revolutionary League in Hong Kong. Chiang Kai-shek felt more and more that the local emperor was a confidant.Long Yun disobeyed his will, and it was already unpleasant for him to think that Yunnan was outside the power of the number one man in China; now that Long Yun had clearly swayed to the side of the democrats, it made him even more restless.Once the Anti-Japanese War is won, he will concentrate on dealing with the Communist Party. Long Yun is powerful, and he cannot let the Southwest catch fire and delay his retreat.

The plot to unplug Long Yun is being secretly deployed in full swing.The eighteen-year-old court of the Long family in Wuhua Mountain is about to come to an end. At the beginning of April 1945, Du Yuming, Chiang Kai-shek's direct descendant of Whampoa, the commander-in-chief of the Fifth Army and the commander-in-chief of Kunming Defense, received a call from Kunming Airport, asking him to go to Chongqing to meet Chiang Kai-shek immediately. As soon as he arrived in Chongqing, Chiang Kai-shek asked Xiao: "Did anyone see it when we came?" Du Yuming said no.Chiang Kai-shek asked who he had met when he came to Chongqing. Du Yuming said he hadn't seen anyone, and he knew in his heart that he was about to accept an important task.

Sure enough, there is an important task: disarm Long Yun by force, and order Long Yun to go to Chongqing within three days to take up the post of President of the Military Senate of the Military Commission.Chiang Kai-shek is going to attack Long Yun.Du Yuming took over the task and returned to Kunming that day. This time the plan was not implemented.Just when Du Yuming was about to make a move, Chiang Kai-shek told He Yingqin that he wanted to solve Long Yun by force. He Yingqin advocated a peaceful solution, so he temporarily slowed down. During the period from April to October 3, 1945, when Long Yun was finally "resolved", Chiang Kai-shek's actions against Long Yun, the two parties later held their own opinions.He Yingqin said that he and a number of Kuomintang officials persuaded Long Yun to hand over the military power in Yunnan and take another important position in the central government, but Long Yun refused to be transferred, so he resolved it by force; but Long Yun retorted that if they revealed beforehand that they wanted him to He will take precautions to leave Yunnan, and it is impossible for Du Yuming to succeed in the surprise attack on October 3.

In August 1945, the action to deprive Long Yun of real power began.At the end of this month, He Yingqin conveyed Chiang Kai-shek's instructions: All Yunnan troops should move into Vietnam and accept the surrender of the Japanese army. At that time, Japan had just surrendered unconditionally, and the whole country was celebrating. No one would have thought that the Chinese leader Chiang Kai-shek, who had reached the peak of his prestige at home and abroad, would always be thinking about how to get rid of the chairman of Yunnan Province who fought side by side with him and won victory on his happy day.

Long Yun also hesitated when Chiang Kai-shek wanted to send all his troops to Vietnam, but Chiang Kai-shek and He Yingqin repeatedly emphasized that Vietnam is not a city or a place, but a country. .As soon as Long Yun relaxed his vigilance, he basically accepted the order.Just when Lu Han led the army to set off, he told Lu Han: "If there is something in the rear, I will return to the army as soon as I hear the news." Hua Gang, a representative of the CCP's underground organization and a professor at Yunnan University, felt that the situation was dangerous, so he reminded Long Yun not to fall into the trick of diverting the tiger away from the mountain.Long Yun felt that this was not the case, so he said, "Forgive Lao Jiang for not daring to touch me. If he dares to do it, I will punish him, and he will not be able to get away even if he is a bitch!" Long Yun, who has been capable all his life, is careless this time.The main force of the Yunnan Army of eight divisions went to Vietnam, and only one division, one gendarmerie regiment and one guard brigade remained in Kunming; at this time, Chiang Kai-shek's troops in Kunming included the Fifth Army, the 207th Division, and the Yunnan Airport The four regiments of the Garrison Command and the Thirteenth Gendarmerie Regiment and other troops. In an accident, the main force of the Yunnan Army who entered Vietnam and could return to the division for rescue was also surrounded by the Central Army.How could Chiang Kai-shek not consider that Lu Han would rescue Long Yun?In the name of the importance of accepting the surrender, he sent two more armies and one division into Vietnam with Lu Han's army. Together with the original troops in Vietnam, he formed the advantage of ten divisions of the Central Army over Lu Han's eight divisions in Vietnam. By September 27, the preparations to bring down Long Yun entered the final stage.On this day, Chiang Kai-shek made a special trip to Xichang.Here, he first laid out the military operations against Long Yun in detail, and asked Du Yuming to ensure the safety of Long Yun's life. The dean will still be Du Yuming's superior in name in the future; secondly, Chiang Kai-shek recruited Li Zonghuang, a veteran politician in Yunnan who was a member of the Central Committee of the Kuomintang, and told him to act as the interim provincial chairman after Long Yun was resolved.In the end, Chiang Kai-shek issued a warrant to remove Longyun from the positions of Chairman of Yunnan Province and Director of Yunnan Operations, transfer to the President of the Military Senate of the Military Commission, replace Yunnan local troops with Du Yuming, appoint Lu Han as Chairman of Yunnan Province, and Li Zonghuang as Acting Chairman .At the same time, he wrote a respectful letter to his "Brother Zhizhou (Long Yun's word)" in his personal capacity, asking Long Yun to "come to Chongqing as scheduled and get a new job early." Long Yun, who was far away in Kunming, did not expect that Xichang, a small town by the river, was spreading a large conspiracy net against him. On the afternoon of October 2, 1945, Du Yuming acted.He summoned military officers above the group and personnel from Xichang to Kunming to convey Chiang Kai-shek's orders and make strict arrangements. On the night of October 2, Kunming was under martial law; at 5 o'clock in the morning on October 3, Du Yuming's troops rushed to their respective targets according to the arrangement! It was late at night on October 2 when Long Yun found out that something was wrong.Suddenly a phone rang in his mansion on Weiyuan Street. The guard on duty picked up the phone sleepily. The guard on the other side urgently asked Chairman Long to answer the phone. Then Madam Long can come and listen.Long Yun's wife Gu Yingqiu got up and answered the phone, her expression changed drastically, and she hurriedly woke Long Yun up. What Long Yun heard on the phone was: "Chairman Long, something is wrong. I don't know what happened. The urban area has been under martial law for a few minutes. It is the defense headquarters. The call is afraid of being interrupted!..." Before he finished speaking, he really interruption.Immediately the adjutant came to report: the mansion was surrounded, the traffic was cut off, and the driver was kept outside!Then, a letter was sent outside, and Long Yun hurriedly opened it.In the letter, Du Yuming informed him that he was transferred to the central government, Lu Han took over, and the provincial government was reorganized! Chiang Kai-shek's black hand, which had been guarded against for many years, finally reached out unexpectedly this morning.Outside Long Mansion, Long Yun's troops and various police stations, Du Juming's army disarmed and besieged them in just fifty minutes. Long Yun gritted his teeth, determined to break out and fight Chiang Kai-shek to the death.His front door has been surrounded, but the back door is facing the house of his director of general affairs. The back door of the director of general affairs is Quanxue Lane. After passing through Quanxue Lane, passing Xiangyan Street, Suijing Road, and Xianning Lane, it is Huashan South Road. From here, you can go to the Wuhua Mountain of the provincial government and gather forces to direct the counterattack.Du Yuming did not discover this tortuous road in advance.Long Yun got a glimmer of life.He put on an ordinary gown, lowered the brim of his fedora hat, led an adjutant out of the back door of the mansion, and hurried along this road to Mount Wuhua.He asked his adjutant to follow him 100 meters away. In case of danger such as interrogation, the adjutant would shoot as soon as he raised his cap. The two figures of Liming, one in front of the other, walked quickly in the streets and alleys of Kunming. The early residents looked at this scene and never imagined that this was a thrilling moment in the local history of Yunnan. At the corner of Sijidui, a military jeep drove towards him. Huang Xiang, the commander of the 96th Division, was sitting in the car. He was guarded by four submachine guns. It seemed to be patrolling the attack points.This Huang Xiang knows Long Yun! At that time, the sky was not bright and the light was dim. Long Yun changed his clothes again and lowered his hat, but Huang Xiang didn't recognize him.Long Yun, who was covered in sweat, was about to pass by the jeep, Huang Xiang suddenly yelled at him: "Old man, what are you doing out early in the morning? Go back!" Long Yun's heart almost jumped out of his throat , Hurry up and say yes, bow your head and continue on your way. Finally he went to Mount Wuhua and entered the provincial government, where he had his guard camp.After a while, Long Yun's second son, Long Shengzu, the temporary commander of the 24th Division, and his right-hand assistant Zhang Chong also escaped to Wuhua Mountain and deployed a guard battalion to resist. After going to Wuhua Mountain, Long Yun said angrily: "Since Lu Han came to take over, why bother to do so despicably!" Lu Han is his cousin and confidant. In fact, the order to appoint Lu Han as the chairman of the provincial government was carefully considered and arranged by Chiang Kai-shek: knowing that the provincial chairman was his own after Long Yun left, Lu Han might not go back to the teacher to rescue him wholeheartedly; It is also acceptable for Han to take over; moreover, his order stated that Lu Han "served" as the chairman of the Yunnan Provincial Government, not "concurrently". Lu Han's military power as commander of the First Front Army was deprived.Chiang Kai-shek was very meticulous in solving the small court of the Long family. Long Yun on Wuhua Mountain sent a telegram announcing Du Yuming's rebellion (Long Yun was the director of the Yunnan camp, and Du Yuming was his subordinate in name, and ordered Lu Han to lead his troops to attack back; he also ordered all counties in Yunnan to raise troops to attack Du Yuming. Yun's life-saving straw was Lu Han, but he struggled in the provincial government for three days, and there was no news from Lu Han in Vietnam. Luhan is in a similarly dangerous situation. On October 1, He Yingqin flew to Hanoi to deploy to prevent Lu Han from returning to the army.As soon as the Kunming operation took place two days later, Lu Han's troops were hijacked and surrounded by the Central Army, unable to move.He could only force himself to be calm and concentrate on handling the surrender. Chiang Kai-shek wanted to deal with Long Yun, but he also wanted to eat Yunnan decently. Before he acted, he repeatedly explained that Du Yuming could not do any personal harm to Long Yun. It was better than others to see that this was just a "transfer". But Du Yuming couldn't rush up Wuhua Mountain and tie him away.The two sides formed a confrontation. During this period, Chiang Kai-shek sent telegrams many times, urging him to take office in Chongqing as soon as possible. Hu Ying, a veteran of the Yunnan Army and a good friend with Long Yunsuolai, knew that Long Yun's situation was over, so he accepted Du Yuming's invitation and came out to mediate with his best to strive for a better result.He went to Wuhua Mountain with Chiang Kai-shek's handwritten letter. Seeing Hu Ying, Long Yun yelled at Chiang Kai-shek, he said: "Damn it, Lao Jiang said that I will support myself and strengthen myself. After Japan surrendered, I asked me to send Lu Yongheng (Lu Han) to Vietnam to take over. Not only did I let all the First Front Army march into Vietnam, but even Long Shengwu's 19th Division also moved there.After my people were emptied, he asked Du Guangting (Du Yuming) to attack me.Well!I just don’t want to leave, Wuhuashan is Lao Jiang’s Kunming camp, I am the director of the camp, if I die, I will die in this position, so that international friends will also forgive me, who will support themselves?Who is it that breaks promises and excludes dissidents? " Hu Ying sighed and persuaded: "What is there to be angry about? We still don't know what Lao Jiang is like? In my opinion, it is of no benefit to fight him resolutely today. First of all, Kunming was smashed to pieces, and hundreds of thousands of ordinary people died. The loss of property is contrary to the painstaking efforts of the elder brother for more than ten years; besides, we must know ourselves and the enemy, what do we use to deal with him now? It has not been a day and night to get you to step down. Today's situation is not what it used to be. His army, Police, police, and special forces are everywhere." Hu Ying said again: "You, the director of the camp, can neither transfer nor kill the Central Army. What is there to miss about this empty director?" After a long time, Long Yun was persuaded, pondered over and over again, and he put forward three conditions: first, the provincial government should formally hand over; area, lift martial law. Du Yuming agreed to the first two conditions, but disagreed with the withdrawal of troops and the lifting of martial law, and said that Long Yun must arrive in Chongqing before the 5th; Hu Ying said that Long Yun has no strength now, so why are you afraid of withdrawing troops? Du Yuming said to Hu Ying: "According to the telegrams we intercepted, Director Long is ordering the local armed forces to gather in Kunming. If he does not obey the central order and tries to resist, we will have to use the air force and armored forces to forcibly go to Mount Wuhua!" Hu Ying got angry and said, do you want me to mediate, or do you want me to accept the ultimatum on behalf of Director Long? "Everyone ignores public opinion and must fight, so let's fight. I can only sigh my incompetence, so I resign!" So everyone asked Hu Ying to appease his anger and let him continue to do Long Yun's work.In the end, Du Yuming agreed to Long Yun's three conditions. Although Long Yun knew that his confrontation was at an end, he was still furious and resolutely refused to follow Chiang Kai-shek's order to leave on the 5th; Du Yuming's task was to let Long Yun go on the road on the 5th, and the deadlock continued. Du Yuming and Hu Ying asked Wei Lihuang, a higher-ranking officer in Kunming at the time and the commander of the Chinese Expeditionary Force, whether Long Yun could arrive a few days later.Wei Lihuang received the two of them attentively, but he didn't say a word about the matters asked for instructions.Seeing that the first-level general of the Republic of China was so afraid to ask about Chiang Kai-shek, Hu Ying was deeply moved. Now I have to ask Chiang Kai-shek again.Chiang Kai-shek replied: "Central colleagues are still looking forward to Brother Zhizhou's arrival in Chongqing on the 5th. If he fails to arrive, he will be regarded as disobeying orders and having ulterior motives, and Zhongzheng will do nothing to help him." The tone was quite strong. What Long Yun can fight for now is a little face, and he asked Song Ziwen, the Premier of the Executive Council, to talk.Song Ziwen flew to Kunming on the evening of the 5th, went to Mount Wuhua to meet and talk with Long Yun, and agreed to some conditions for Long Yun.With the head of the government of the Republic of China on the scene, Long Yun finally agreed to fly to Chongqing with Song Ziwen on the 6th. After Song Ziwen left, Long Yun, who was still unwilling, was still discussing counterattacks with Long Shengzu and Zhang Chong. Several plans he came up with, such as hijacking Song Ziwen on the plane and flying to Vietnam, were all given up because they were not feasible. The "King of Yunnan" Long Yun, in the face of Chiang Kai-shek's ruthless methods, could not keep his peaceful world after all. On the night of October 5th, firecrackers were fired in Kunming City to see off Chairman Long for his promotion and transfer.This is also Long Yun's request. He has worked hard here for 18 years, and he thinks he is worthy of the elders in Yunnan, so he wants to live in a decent way, instead of being kicked into power by Chiang Kai-shek in disgrace. In the early morning of October 6, Long Yun, Song Ziwen and He Yingqin arrived at Kunming Wujiaba Airport and boarded a plane to Chongqing.Du Yuming also came to see him off, he ran to Long Yun and stood at attention in front of Long Yun. Seeing this "kidnapper", Long Yun cursed: "Du Yuming, you rotten dog, I am the director of the chairman's camp. He doesn't want me to do it. All he needs is a telegram. You lead the army to surround Kunming in the middle of the night and attack It's like a rebellion, what are you doing?" Du Yuming only said: "I'm sorry, Dean Long." He always stood and listened to the training. The plane took off, and the eighteen-year-old Long family court on the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau was destroyed.Long Yun never set foot on the land of Yunnan again.