Chapter 45 Dasuo Appearance and Reading and Imported Nationality Samples

Since the Battle of Chibi, the Three Kingdoms have stood together, and the country has entered a state of disintegration and local separatism.Although the Eastern Jin Dynasty ruled the world in the middle, the time was too short, only a few decades.After the Yongjia Rebellion, the people in the Central Plains were in dire straits.A large number of Han people moved to the south to attach themselves to powerful landlords, and the country's household registration decreased rapidly. In 581, Yang Jian took the throne as Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty, with the reign title Kaihuang.In the early years of Kaihuang, there were only 3.8 million households in the Sui Dynasty, and it increased to 8.9 million in the fifth year of Daye (607).In less than 30 years, the hukou has more than doubled.The main reason for this situation is that Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty adopted two far-reaching policies of "Large Suo Appearance" and "Exporting Nationality to Set Samples".

Since the Southern and Northern Dynasties, the concealment of household registration has become more and more serious, the labor force that the state can directly control has decreased, and the population occupied by local powerful landlords has increased, which seriously weakened the power of the central government.For example, in the north, due to the regulation that unmarried people only pay half the rent, in some places there is no registration of wives on the household registration.Some powerful families have dozens of families in one household, with tens of thousands of people, and the state's tax revenue has dropped sharply as a result.

Dasuo Maoyue is a measure to strictly check the household registration.In the fifth year of Emperor Kaihuang, Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty ordered that all the prefectures and counties across the country should be investigated and checked for household registration.The so-called "Da Suo" is to check the household registration and register the name, date of birth, and appearance; the so-called "Looking Review" is to check the appearance of the people and the description on the household registration one by one.Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty stipulated that in case of false household registration, local officials Lizheng, Baochang, and party chiefs would be sentenced to exile.At the same time, it is also stipulated that all relatives below cousins ​​who live in the same clan must have separate household registrations.This inspection added more than 1.64 million household registrations, which greatly increased the country's fiscal revenue and strengthened the national power of the Sui Dynasty.

On the basis of Da Suo's appearance, Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty accepted the suggestion of the minister and implemented a set sample for the transfer of nationality.That is to say, it is stipulated that on the fifth day of the first lunar month every year, the county magistrate will gather the Lizheng, the township head, and the party head to submit a sample of registration to determine the tax collection of each household.Since then, taxation and labor have been determined by the government uniformly according to the population status, and it has been very difficult for local officials to make a fuss about it.

There was a sharp contradiction between the feudal state and the local tyrants in controlling the population.The government of the Sui Dynasty actively implemented the measures of "big request for appearance and reading" and "importation of nationality and sample", and brought a large number of household registrations from the powerful gentry into the government's control, cracked down on the annexation forces of the big landlord class, and strengthened the power of the centralized state.