Chapter 20 A generation of proud Genghis Khan

Genghis Khan fought south and north throughout his life, galloping east and west, "destroyed the country for forty years", and laid the cornerstone of the "Mongol Empire" across the Eurasian continent. This is rare in Chinese history and even in world history.His story has been spread in countless books and literary works in many countries for 800 years. Up to now, the joint archaeological team of Mongolia and Japan is still searching for the mysterious underground tomb of this unprecedented Great Khan.Regardless of how people in later generations evaluate Genghis Khan, they all admit that he is the most dazzling star on the world's ancient war arena.

Genghis Khan is a member of the Chinese nation. He is a god enshrined by the Mongolian nation for generations. He is one of the greatest military strategists in the history of the world. No Asian has created such brilliant achievements as him. He created a war across Europe and Asia. The Great Empire is one of the largest empires that have ever appeared in world history. Genghis Khan was born in 1162, and his father named him Temujin.When he was 9 years old, his father was poisoned to death by a hostile tribe, and the family struggled to live in loneliness and danger.At first, Temujin's condition was not good. When he was young, he was captured by a hostile tribe. In order to prevent him from escaping, he was put in a wooden trap.Despite such difficult circumstances, this strong illiterate farmer still stands up and becomes the most powerful man in the world.

When Temujin lived in his youth, there were nearly a hundred tribes of different sizes and cultures on the Mongolian plateau.In order to establish hegemony, the chiefs of various ministries plundered and killed each other, which made the people's lives extremely uneasy and suffered great disasters.At that time, whoever could unify the tribes and stop the looting and massacre would be supported and praised by the people.Temujin completed this great historical task and gathered all other tribes under his banner. In 1206, the Mongolian nobles and generals held a big gathering, and the plus sign Temujin was "Genghis Khan", which means the emperor of the world.

After the unification of the Mongolian tribes, regional commonality was formed, which promoted economic and cultural ties among people and the use of a common language, and laid the foundation for the formation of the Mongolian nationality. Subsequently, Genghis Khan forced the Uighurs to land by force, destroyed Xiliao, surrendered to Xixia, defeated the Jin Dynasty, swept away the borders between various ethnic groups, and cleared the dividing walls. The dependent status of other nationalities, standing independently in the forest of all nationalities, and gradually restored the multi-ethnic unity of our country since the Han and Tang Dynasties; for his successors, he finally destroyed Jin, Song, unified Tubo and Dali, established the Yuan Dynasty, and ended the long-term The formation of the national split and separatist situation laid the foundation.The great unification of the Yuan Dynasty was unprecedented. Its territory "exceeded the Yinshan Mountains in the north, quicksand in the west, Liaozuo in the east, and the sea in the south... the heyday of the Han and Tang Dynasties is extremely prosperous, and there is no comparison."This unification cause objectively played a role in further consolidating our unified multi-ethnic country.Closer ties between Mongolians and other ethnic groups.From an economic point of view, advanced agricultural and handicraft technologies, along with the emigration of a large number of Han peasants and craftsmen, as well as the captured captives to the frontier minority areas, quickly spread to these areas and promoted the economic development of these areas; From the point of view, a large number of Mongolian children who settled in the interior gradually accepted Han culture, and many of them became writers and artists who wrote in Chinese; from a political point of view, after Genghis Khan entered the Central Plains, the Mongolian nation accepted the feudal political and economic system. , is already inevitable, especially with the help of Yelu Chucai and others, this process has been accelerated.

At the same time, Genghis Khan turned the spearhead of the war to the outside and began to march west.The Western Expedition brought great disasters to some countries and peoples in Central Asia, West Asia, and Europe.Khwarazimo was burned, Lunhuida assassinated the city, Jade Dragon Jiechi became Zeguo, Malu Oasis became barren, and the economy and culture of many places declined.The Western Expedition also brought great pain to the Mongolian herdsmen.Boys aged 15 or 16 and old people in their 60s and 70s were sent to the front line, and many of them were buried in foreign countries.The Western Expedition played a huge destructive role.

Of course, the Western Expedition objectively also played a role in channeling traffic between China and the West and cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries.After the Western Expedition, the boundary line on the east-west traffic avenue was swept away, and a new situation of east-west communication emerged.The four great inventions of China and the system of banknote post stations were spread to the West; Western medicine, textiles, astronomy and calendar, etc. were spread to China.Chinese and foreign businessmen and envoys have frequent exchanges.Not only land, but also sea transportation was further developed.The Yuan Dynasty was a relatively open dynasty, which is inseparable from the entire Asian political situation that emerged after the Western Expedition.

Genghis Khan greatly influenced the history of the world, and his reputation spread far and wide in Central Asia and Europe, and deeply influenced the course of Chinese history.