Chapter 31 Section 2 trial production of various aircraft

The key to the success of the flight is to make an aircraft with "organs".There are also many records about this aspect in ancient Chinese history books.There is such a story recorded in ancient books: Once upon a time, there was a country called Qigong (jigong Jigong) in the west.People in that country can hunt birds and build flying cars.People can fly to distant places with the car in a flying car.When Tang, the first monarch of the Shang Dynasty, was on the throne, there was a westerly wind that brought the people and flying cars of Qigong Kingdom;In this story, people not only no longer pin their hopes on the flying "dragon" they have never seen before, but also no longer rely on any gods in the sky.They want to rely on their own hands to create a kind of equipment to fly with the wind.

By the turn of the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States period in my country (the beginning of the 5th century BC), production technology had further developed, and iron tools had begun to be widely used. The basic principles of mechanics, physics, and military engineering were also adopted by some people. Mastered.On the basis of these thoughts and materials, the flying birds made by Mozi (about 486 BC - about 376 BC) appeared.It is said that the great philosopher Mozi once led more than 300 disciples to study the principles of flight.It took three years to make a flying wooden bird, which is called "bamboo magpie" or "wooden kite [yuanyuan]" in ancient books.This matter is recorded in many ancient books in our country.However, there are also those who credit Lu Ban, the most famous craftsman in the Spring and Autumn Period, for making "wooden kites".We believe that no matter whether the wooden bird was made by Mozi or Luban, it can fly for a day or half a day. In short, it reflects the fact that my country appeared more than 2,300 years ago. The first aircraft.Zhang Heng, a great scientist in the Eastern Han Dynasty, also made a "wood carving".The biggest feature of this "wood carving" aircraft is that it has a "organ" in its belly. As long as the mechanism is activated, it can fly for several miles by itself.Zhang Heng first designed to use machinery as the power of flight, which is a remarkable experiment.

In the Tang Dynasty, Han Zhihe, a talented craftsman, made another extremely exquisite flying machine.Once, he first made a "dragon bed" for the emperor, which almost scared the emperor.Later, he made a flying machine shaped like a bird, which can drink water, eat food, etc., and sing.What's even more amazing is that as long as the machine is turned on, it can fly high in the air, with a height of about 100 feet, and a flight distance of about four to five hundred feet.The Tang Dynasty where Han Zhihe lived was an era in which culture and science developed rapidly in the history of our country.According to ancient books, other craftsmen at that time could also make wooden chickens and cranes, some could dance, and some could fly.These exquisite wooden utensils reflect the high achievements of Chinese working people in woodworking technology in the 8th and 9th centuries, and also reflect that the research and discussion of flying technology at that time has reached a very high level.

After the Song and Yuan Dynasties, there are still records in our country about making "missiles" and "hot air balloons".As early as the early 14th century, the working people of our country invented the earliest "missile" on the basis of making kites and gunpowder arrows. ", is the embryonic form of modern missiles.The invention of these flying firearms should occupy a very important position in the history of world flight.From gunpowder to rockets and further development to missiles, this is a major contribution made by the working people of our country to the cause of human flight.In addition, the working people of our country have long invented balloons related to flight.It is said that in the 10th century A.D., a kind of "飏灯" that could float in the air appeared in our country.In the Yuan Dynasty, the aircraft had further development.There is an American named Godeschun, who recorded such a story in his book "The History of Western Aviation Development": When Renzong of the Yuan Dynasty came to the throne in the early 14th century, a huge giant rose above the capital Beijing. balloon.It is said that this may be the world's first real balloon.Also, when the propeller of a modern helicopter rotates at a high speed, it will generate a strong upward force, which was also discovered very early in our country.A kind of toy bamboo dragonfly popular among children has always been popular in ancient times.There are several ways to make bamboo dragonflies. The simplest method is to fix a vertical blade in the middle of a small leaf (wood or bamboo) three to four inches long and half an inch wide with two ends twisted or cut into opposite bevels. A small log will do.When playing, we only need to rub the wooden pole, and then let go, and the bamboo dragonfly will fly away.The blades of this bamboo dragonfly are the same as the propellers of modern helicopters, both in shape and flight principle.

Although the working people of our country have made outstanding contributions to the cause of human flight, because our country has stagnated in the feudal society for a long time, and was invaded and plundered by imperialism in modern times, the wisdom and talents of the working people have been buried, and the human flight has not been realized first. Long-cherished wish, failed to create the world's first aircraft.