Chapter 56 Section 2 Place Names During the Nanjing Nationalist Government Period

After the collapse of the Beiyang warlords, the ruling Kuomintang changed its capital to Nanjing, and the administrative districts and place names also changed accordingly. (1) Since the capital was moved to Nanjing, Beijing was renamed Beiping, Zhili Province was also renamed Hebei Province, and merged into the 20 counties under the jurisdiction of the old Jingzhao, and the 10 counties under the jurisdiction of Jiukoubei Road were changed to the newly established Chahar Province , Fengtian Province was renamed Liaoning Province. (2) Ningxia Province was added, and the eight counties under the jurisdiction of Ningxia Dao, which originally belonged to Gansu Province, and the two banners of Alxa and Ejina (now Ejina Banner in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region) were combined into Ningxia Province, and Ningxia, the provincial capital, is now Yinchuan City.The original seven counties of Xiningdao, Gansu were also assigned to Qinghai, and Qinghai Province was established, with Xining as the provincial capital.

(3) Change the four special regions of Rehe, Chahar, Suiyuan, and Chuanbian into provinces, and change the name of Chuanbian into Xikang Province, and merge them into the counties under the jurisdiction of the original Jianchang Road in Sichuan.The capitals of the four provinces are Chengde, Wanquan (now Zhangjiakou), Guisui (now Hohhot) and Kangding. (4) The two-level system of provinces and counties was implemented. Later, it was felt that it was still inconvenient to rule and command, so in some provinces, such as Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, etc., the system of administrative inspection districts was implemented, and commissioners were set up between provinces and counties. , play the role of inspector.It will be promoted further in the future.

(5) At that time, cities were set up in Nanjing and some densely populated places with large commercial ports, and those directly under the Executive Yuan were called municipalities directly under the central government (yuan-administered cities), namely Nanjing, Shanghai, Beiping, Tianjin, Qingdao and Xijing City (Xi'an).Its follow-up has increased.In 1947, after the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, there were 12 cities under the jurisdiction of the court and 57 cities under the jurisdiction of the province.All Fuguo counties in the city have also moved out of the city successively. For example, Daxing County and Wanping County, which were originally in Beijing, were moved to the southern suburbs.The city of Wanping County was built on the edge of the Lugou Bridge during the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and Jiangning County in Nanjing City was also moved to Dongshan Town in the south of the city.

(6) With the growth of population, the number of counties under the jurisdiction of each province has also increased accordingly, and the establishment of administrative bureaus has not been abolished, and the number of counties in some remote minority areas is still increasing.Except for Heilongjiang Province, which had many political bureaus in the past, which was under the control of the puppet Manchukuo concocted by Japan, Yunnan Province was the first to have the most political bureaus, especially concentrated in the minority areas in western Yunnan.After 1949, most of these areas became autonomous areas of various fraternal nationalities.For example, Ninglang (langlang) established its administrative bureau and is now Ninglang Yi Autonomous County, Gongshan established its administrative bureau and now is Gongshan Dulong and Nu Autonomous County, and Luxi, Yingjiang, Lianghe, Ruili, Longchuan and other municipalities established its administrative bureaus. It is a county of Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture.

(7) Some unique county names appeared during the Northern Expedition, such as fraternity, civil rights, equality, freedom, etc. These were all slogans put forward during the bourgeois revolution.Boai County was originally Qinghua Town in Qinyang County, Henan Province. In the past, reactionary forces were rampant and armed conflicts often occurred, which made the people miserable. Later, Ji Hongchang, a patriotic soldier, came here to appease the society and make the society peaceful. Therefore, he applied to establish another county. In the name of fraternity, in 1927.Freedom and Equality Counties were also established in 1927, but they were merged into Yichuan County in 1932, which is now one of the counties under the jurisdiction of Luoyang City.Minquan County was established in 1929, and the government is located in Libaji, which is "planning the border areas of Sui (county), Kao (city), Lan (feng), and Ning (ling), and adding county government at a moderate location".Lanfeng and Kaocheng counties were merged into Lankao County in 1954.These counties are all located in Henan. At that time, General Feng Yuxiang was the chairman of the province, which can also reflect the change of his thinking.

(8) In 1928, the national government began to partially clean up and change the historically formed place names that were discriminatory and insulting to ethnic minorities, but on a small scale.Just to name a few examples: Change Gansu Pingfan County to Yongdeng County. Gansu Zhenfan County was changed to Minqin County. Fuyi County in Gansu was changed to Linze County. Fuqiang County in Gansu was changed to Gangu County. Zhenrong County in Ningxia was changed to Yuwang County, and in 1938 it was changed to Tongxin County.etc. (9) Change the names of places named after people.Such as:

To commemorate Zhang Zizhong's change of Xuancheng County, Hubei Province to Zizhong County, and to commemorate the Kuomintang generals Wei Lihuang and Liu Zhi, Lihuang and Jingfu (Liu Zhi) counties were newly established.They have been withdrawn and merged or restored to their original names.