Chapter 8 Section 5 Chinese Kiwifruit

Chinese kiwi (Actinidia Lindl) is an ancient wild vine that originated in China. It is said in the Chinese book that "it is shaped like a pear and its color is like a peach, and kiwis like to eat, so they have various names."There are many aliases recorded in other documents, such as monkey pear, vine pear, kiwi pear, etc., and there are still many names, such as Shengli, Jinli, Shanze peach, sheep peach, fox peach, monkey peach and so on.In fact, it has no relationship with peaches and pears, and is an independent branch.In "Book of Songs Cypress Wind", there is a phrase "Xi [xi seat] has Chang [chang intestine] Chu", where "Chang Chu" refers to kiwi fruit.According to textual research, the name of kiwifruit originated from the poem "On the fence of the atrium, a kiwifruit" by Cen Shen (714-770 A.D.) in the Tang Dynasty, which shows that the naming and cultivation history of kiwifruit in China has at least 1,200 years.Kou Zongshi (shi style) of Song Dynasty "Materia Medica Yanyi", Yuan Dynasty "Daily Materia Medica", and Ming Dynasty Li Shizhen have many records on the properties, processing, edible and medicinal uses of kiwifruit.

Chinese kiwifruit wild trees spread all over the Quartet, still to be developed.With the Yangtze River Basin as the center, deciduous vines and kiwifruit are all over the mountain forests at an altitude of 1300-2600 meters in Henan, Shaanxi, Zhejiang, Hunan, Hubei, Fujian, Sichuan, Guangdong and Guangxi. Actinidia chinensis is a sprawling plant with green leaves, hairy backside, dioecious flowers, brown fruit, yellow-white or green flesh, soft and juicy, with 500-1200 black or dark brown sesame-like seeds in the flesh. serpentine. Kiwi fruit is a rookie in the orchard. It has spread rapidly in modern times and is regarded as a rare and exotic fruit. In 1906, New Zealand was the first to introduce the Chinese kiwifruit variety from China. It was named "Kiwi" because the fruit resembled the New Zealand national bird "Kiwi".The new varieties cultivated locally have large fruits, fast propagation and excellent flavor.It has been introduced to the former Soviet Union, the United States, the United Kingdom, Japan, France, Italy, and India one after another.The United States is called "Chinese gooseberry", the United Kingdom is called "Chinese gooseberry", and Japan is called "Chinese monkey pear".Kiwi fruit is extremely nutritious, containing 100-420 mg of vitamin C per 100 grams of fresh fruit, which is 5-10 times higher than the same amount of citrus, 11-13 times higher than lemon, 20-80 times higher than apple, and sugar content accounts for 8 %—14%, the acid content accounts for 1.4%—2.0%, and also contains a variety of minerals, fats, proteins, etc.Kiwi fruit is sweet and sour, fragrant and juicy, with a unique flavor. The fruit slices are round and beautiful, and the light green flesh is inlaid with radial black seeds.Kiwi fruit is sweet and cold. It is mainly used to treat dysphoria, thirst, jaundice and inhibit cancer cells. Both the roots and leaves can be used as medicine.

Chinese kiwi fruit is processed into jam, fruit wine, and preserved fruit series, which are exported to Japan and Southeast Asia.Such as the famous Maoli wine in Guanxian County, Sichuan, kiwi sauce in Shangnan County, Shaanxi, and fairy peach sauce in Xixia County, Henan.