Chapter 12 Section 3 Preliminary Development of Silk Fabrics

China is the first country in the world to raise silkworms, reel silk and weave silk, and for a long time in ancient times, it was the only country that raised silkworms and silk weaves. This is also a major contribution of the ancient Chinese people to world civilization.According to archaeological findings, sericulture and silk weaving have appeared in ancient China as early as the Neolithic Age. In 1926, a half-cut silkworm cocoon was unearthed from the Yangshao Cultural Site in Xiyin Village, Xia County, Shanxi Province. In 1958, silk threads, ribbons and pieces of silk in bamboo baskets were unearthed from the late Neolithic Liangzhu cultural site in Qianshanyang, Wuxing, Zhejiang.After identification, it is woven with silkworm silk, the silk sheet is plain weave, and the warp and weft density is 48 threads per centimeter.By the Shang Dynasty, especially in the late Shang Dynasty, the silk industry had developed to a certain extent.There are already words such as silkworm, mulberry, silk, and silk in oracle bone inscriptions. In 1953, a lifelike jade silkworm with a length of 3.15 cm was unearthed from a tomb of the Shang Dynasty in Dasikong Village, Anyang, Henan Province.Remnants of silk fabrics at that time were left on some bronze wares.For example, the bronze wares unearthed from the tomb of Fu Hao in the Yin Ruins have traces of silk, Luo and Qi.Judging from the diamond-shaped pattern Qi found, there was a loom with a simple jacquard device at that time.In the Western Zhou Dynasty, the silk weaving industry developed further, and there are many poems praising mulberry picking and silkworm breeding, such as "Bin [bin Bin] Wind·July": In 1974, archaeologists found many vivid jade silkworms in the tombs of the Western Zhou Dynasty in Rujiazhuang, Baoji, Shaanxi Province in 1974. cm.Many imprints of silk fabrics were found on the bronze wares or on the silt, some of which were stacked in three or four layers.Most of them are plain weave, and there are also jacquard fabrics with mountain-shaped patterns, which should also be woven by jacquard looms.What is particularly striking is that there are bright scarlet and stone yellow embroidered traces. The pattern is easy to roll. painted on.