Chapter 13 Section 2 The Rise of Preaching Music

As early as the Spring and Autumn Period, the nomadic peoples in the Northwest had trade relations with the Qin State in Guanzhong; during the Warring States Period, the eight Xirong countries were annexed by the Qin State successively, and the traffic between Qin State and the Hexi Corridor has been smooth since then.After Han Zhangqian traveled to the Western Regions, the economic and cultural exchanges between the Central Plains and the Northwest nationalities through the "Silk Road" were strengthened, and the joy of nomadic and war horses of the Northwestern nationalities was absorbed by the Han people. ".It is said that there was a Han named Ban Yi at the end of the Qin Dynasty and the beginning of the Han Dynasty. He settled down in the minority areas in the Northwest because he avoided the military chaos. He became a rich man by developing animal husbandry. Advocacy Music Related to Minority Music (Volume 16).

Percussion music is a form of music played with a combination of percussion and wind instruments.Percussion instruments are mainly drums and cymbals [nao Nao]; wind instruments are mainly pan flute, flute, Hujia [jiajia] and horns.Sometimes singing is added.Among them, the flute, Hujia and Jiao were originally circulated among the nomadic peoples in Northwest China.It is said that the introduction and use of this flute is related to the flute playing method and flute music brought back by Zhang Qian's trip to the Western Regions.

Advocacy music in the Han and Wei Dynasties was mainly used in ceremonial occasions and military life. According to different purposes and occasions, it is generally divided into the following four types: (1) Yellow door advocacy.List of music played at court.The ceremonial music dedicated to the emperor's banquets and meals. (2) Riding and blowing.Cars playing music from the row.The ceremonial music for royals and nobles traveling by car.For example, in the Han stone inscription on the north wall of Guo Jushi, Xiaotang Mountain, Feicheng County, Shandong Province, there are four people playing music on horseback in the riding and blowing band: one person plays the drum, two people play the panpipe, and one person plays the horn (or jia) (Fig. 15).In addition, on a horse-drawn drum cart, there are four people playing the pan flute and two people playing a drum.

(3) short flute and cymbal song.The music used in the army for sacrificial offerings in temples. (4) Horizontal blowing.Music played immediately with the army. Judging from the content of the advocacy songs compiled by Guo Maoqian in the Song Dynasty, the music and themes of Han and Wei advocacy music are closely related to folk songs. Works of separation and romance, such as, "Entering the Fortress" describes the frontier war; "Shangxie" and "Thinking" praise women's steadfastness in love; "Guanshanyue" and "Luoyang Road" express the sadness of parting; In addition, there are some translated lyrics of ethnic minorities, which are mixed with many phonetic translations of Hu.

During the Southern and Northern Dynasties, advocacy music began to enter folk music life, and advocacy music performances also appeared in folk ceremonies in various places. For example, a brick portrait of advocacy music unearthed from a Southern Dynasty tomb in Dengxian County, Henan Province (Figure 16), depicts marching band players, dressed in Plain and simple, apparently civilian attire.The instruments played are fife, pan flute, horn and harp.