When people are attacked by wild animals in the mountains and forests, they will instinctively pick up wooden sticks and swing them, or pick up stones, throw them and chop them.We can see shots of using stones as weapons after the ammunition is exhausted in many war feature films.Under the fruit trees, people can often see children holding wooden sticks and bamboo poles to beat the fruit, and throwing stones to beat the fruit.This ability of human beings can be said to be the embodiment of the most primitive instinct. When human beings first appeared on the earth, they used such tools to survive in nature.Gradually they learned to process wooden sticks and stones, and artificial tools appeared-wooden and stone tools.With the passage of time, the types of wood and stone tools have gradually increased, and the processing technology has gradually become more refined. A composite tool that binds stone tools to wooden sticks has also been invented.At the same time, people also processed animal bones and shells to make tools.It is in the activity of processing and manufacturing tools that human beings have gradually separated from the animal kingdom and continued to evolve.

Since wooden implements cannot be preserved for a long time and have been passed on to later generations, only stone implements, bone implements, and shell implements are left to the present.When we walk into a history museum, the first thing we see are often the relics of the tools used by humans in the early days. The processing of early stone tools was very simple and rough.The most primitive method is to use natural gravel to knock or impact, so that it breaks and appears a cutting edge, and the suitable one is selected to become a stone tool.Each stone tool usually has multiple purposes such as chopping, smashing, splitting, and scraping.Later, in order to obtain a thinner and sharper cutter, a new processing technology was invented. First, the required stone flakes were cut from the stone (stone core), and then the cutting edge of the stone flakes was trimmed.With the evolution of human beings, the processing technology of stone tools has also continued to improve, and many new types of stone tools have appeared, such as polygonal chopping tools, triangular pointed tools, scrapers, and stone balls.Moreover, the technology of drilling animal bones and shells with stone tools has also appeared, and bone needles, drilled stone balls, gravel, animal teeth, fish bones, sea clam shells and other artifacts have been produced.

About 10,000 years ago, stone tool processing technology made a qualitative leap and entered the period of grinding and processing.The process is as follows: select suitable stone materials, make the prototype of stone tools, put the blade or the entire surface on the whetstone and add water or sand to polish it.The surface of the polished stone tools is smooth, the sharpness of the blade is improved, and the use tends to be specific.For the convenience of use, drilling technology is also used to drill holes so that it can be more firmly tied to the wooden handle and become a wood-stone composite tool.The improvement of tools has promoted the improvement of productivity and accelerated the pace of civilization.

It should be said that there was no science in the primitive society, in other words, science as an independent form had not yet come out.At that time, science still existed in technology, and the original scientific knowledge was born in the actual life and production experience.The knowledge of hardness, stone quality, pressure, leverage, etc. is conceived in the manufacture and processing of stone tools.When people selected stone materials for making stone tools, they found that stone materials with different textures have different hardness, and the stone quality is also divided into thickness and thickness, thus generating knowledge about hardness and stone quality; processing stone blocks into pointed tools or utensils with blades , As well as sharpening and sharpening, it is more convenient and powerful to use, which already implies knowledge about pressure; using wooden sticks or wood-stone composite tools for production activities can save labor and improve work efficiency, and the principle of leverage has been unconsciously applied.And so on, scientific knowledge is constantly sprouting in this hazy state, and is actually used by people.