Chapter 2 Chapter One Development Origin

"Compilation" 6812: "Let the multi-child clan follow the dog marquis to attack Zhou." It means that the king of Shang ordered the sub-surname clans below the royal family to form an army and cooperate with the dog marquis to attack the Zhou clan. "Collection" 33006: "Ding You, King Zhen made three (Shuai word Qujin) [dui pile] right, middle and left." It means that Shang Wang Wuding established three right, middle and left divisions in Dingyou.In the article (Shuai word Qujin) agrees with the division, which is the common name for the army in the Shang Dynasty.

"Compilation" 5504, 5512: "Yi is not determined, Zhenli works (in) the south, you follow (me), the middle follows Yu, and the left follows Zeng." It means that Shang Wang Wuding led the right, middle and left divisions, Go to the south to fight in battle. "Collection" 6134: "Zhen (Shanggong Xiakou) came out only to Wang Xian", "Zhen's report (Shanggong's lower mouth) came to Shangjia", "Zhenzhen (Ge Xiawei) was registered in Shangjia" .These three oracle inscriptions were engraved on the same oracle bone, which means that when the king of Shang heard that Fang was coming to invade, he feasted on the ministers and told the ancestors to ask for their blessings. , Ren Jun (Ge Xiawei) will be the general.These three inscriptions are connected together to completely record the process of the Shang king's order to go out after hearing the enemy's situation.

"Collection" 39902: "Xin Sibu, □, Zhen Deng Fu Hao 3,000, ascending Lu Wan, Hu Fa □ (Fang)." It means that Shang Wang Wu Ding's spouse and wife are good, leading 3,000 people in his department and the royal family Ten thousand people, expedition to a square country. "Compilation" 5825: "Zhen Rongma, with three hundred people on the left and right." It means that Shang Wang Wuding owned three hundred chariots and three hundred archers, divided into three chariots from the left, middle and right.Each tank has one shooter. "Guo Bai Gui (gui ghost) inscription": "Guo Bai (Bo) followed the king to attack the rebellious Jing." It means that Guo Bo followed Zhou Zhaowang to attack the rebellious Jing (see Figure 1).

"Minggong Gui Inscription": "Order Minggong to send three tribes to attack the Dongguo." It means that in the early Western Zhou Dynasty, the emperor ordered Minggong to send three tribes to crusade against the rebellious Dongyi. "Shan Ding Inscription": "Zuoxu Binhou supervises the □ division guard." It means that Zhou Wang ordered Shan to be Binhou's assistant to supervise the □ division's defense activities. "Ligui Inscription" records the process of Zhou Wuwang's battle against Shang Zhou in Muye: "Xiao (Wu) conquered Shang, Kui (Wei) Jiazi Dynasty, Sui Ding, Kewen (faint) Su and (you) Shang." It means that King Wu conquered Shang, and in the early morning of Jiazi, when the stars were coming, he defeated the confused King Zhou of Shang.

The first six items mentioned above are inscriptions on oracle bones, and the last four items are inscriptions carved on bronze vessels, gui and tripod, which record the formation of the army, the number of chariots, the expedition after hearing the police, the targets and locations of the conquest, etc., reflecting the military status of the Shang and Zhou from different aspects. Some outlines, but not yet a book of war.With the increase of wars and military activities, people's understanding of it has gradually deepened, so on the basis of recording practical activities, summing up their experience, expounding their own views, refining an organized understanding, and finally formed a culture that can be spread everywhere and circulated. Save the book of war for later generations.