Chapter 7 Section 2 "Classic" and "Biography" of "Book of Changes"

Qin Shihuang burned books but not "Yi".But in the Han Dynasty, "Yi" was also divided into ancient and modern.Jinwen is the scriptures that have been handed down from the Warring States period to the Han Dynasty, and Guwen is the ancient scriptures of the pre-Qin period discovered in the Han Dynasty.According to "Hanshu Yiwenzhi", Liu Xiang once used the ancient texts collected by the court to collate the modern texts of various schools, and found that Fei Zhi's copy was the same as the ancient texts, and the other scriptures were just stripped of "regret" and "death". ", "no blame" and other words.It can be seen that there is no big difference between the ancient and modern texts of "Book of Changes".The current "Book of Changes" is the biography of Fei Zhi.

The four hexagram paintings, hexagram titles, hexagram speeches, and line speeches of the 64 hexagrams in the present "Book of Changes" are part of the "Classic"; the others are part of the "Biography". The "Jing" part is divided into two chapters, "Shang Jing" and "Xia Jing".The Upper Classic includes 30 individual hexagrams from "Qian" to "Li"; the Lower Classic includes 34 individual hexagrams from "Xian" to "Weiji". The "Biography" part includes "Xi Ci Shang", "Xi Ci Xia" and "Shuo Gua", "Xu Gua", and "Miscellaneous Gua", which are theoretical parts.In addition, there are words such as "彖〔tuantuanqu〕yue", "Xiangyue", and "Classical Chinese" in Shangxiajing. pass".They were originally not words in the scriptures, but interpretations of later generations, so they are also called "Zhuan Zhuan", "Xiang Zhuan", and "Classical Biography".These three parts of the scriptures were originally listed separately at the end of the scriptures, just like the "Xi Ci" and so on.Later, because they were more closely related to the scriptures, they were separated and listed after the scriptures that were explained.Therefore, the "Biography" of "Book of Changes" actually includes seven parts, a total of 10 chapters: "彖" (upper and lower), "Xiang" (upper and lower), "Classical Chinese", "Xici" (upper and lower), "Shuo Gua", "Preface Gua", "Miscellaneous Gua".It is collectively called "Yizhuan", also called "Ten Wings", which means the 10 auxiliary materials for understanding scriptures.

"彖" is to explain the hexagrams. In "Xiang", there are further explanations of hexagrams, which are called "big elephants"; those that explain each line are called "little elephants". "Wen Yan" is based on the Confucian political point of view to further develop the two hexagrams of Qian Kun and "Xiang" and "Xiang". "Xi Ci" is the fundamental theory of "Book of Changes". "Shuo Gua" generally talks about hexagram images and hexagram virtues. "Preface to Gua" talks about why the 64 other hexagrams are arranged in such a way. "Miscellaneous Gua" talks about the meaning of the names of the 64 hexagrams.