Chapter 6 Section 2 Shang Dynasty

The ancestor of the Shang clan was Qie, who was said to have assisted Dayu in water control.Around the 16th century BC, Chengtang (Tianyi), the 13th descendant of Qi, destroyed the Xia Dynasty after successively destroying Ge, Wei, Gu, Kunwu and other countries, and exiled Jie, the last monarch of the Xia Dynasty, to Nanchao ( It is generally believed that it is in the northeast of Chaohu City, Anhui today). From Qi to Tang, the migration of merchants was quite frequent, eight times; after Tang, there were many migrations, which can be seen in the literature records: Zibo (now north of Shangqiu City, Henan Province) moved to Xiao (one for 隞〔ao Ao〕, today’s Henan Henan Northeast of Xingyang City, which is said to be today's Zhengzhou City), then moved to Xiang (now southeast of Neihuang County, Henan), then moved to Xing (one was Geng, now Xingtai City, Hebei), then moved to Pi (now north of Yuncheng County, Shandong), and then moved to Yan (now Qufu City, Shandong Province) moved to Yin (now Anyang City, Henan Province) at the time of Pan Geng.During the 273 years from then to the end of the Shang Dynasty, there was no relocation. Only the monarchs after Emperor Yi lived in Bedumo (Chaoge, now Qi County, Henan). Therefore, the Zhou people called Shang the Yin, but the merchants still called themselves Shang.In the 11th century BC, Zhou (Di Xin) was destroyed by King Wu of Zhou.

From Tang Dynasty to Pan Geng, the Shang Dynasty went through several ups and downs, until the reign of Pan Geng’s nephew Wu Ding, the national power was at its peak, and the Guifang and Qiang Fang were conquered in the north, Jingman was conquered in the south, and the power reached the Yangtze River Basin. Today’s Hubei, Hunan and Jiangxi have such Sites and relics of one period were unearthed.When Wu Yi was in power, Dongyi gradually became stronger, moved to the Huaihe River Basin, and then expanded to the Central Plains.During the reign of Emperor Yi and his son Zhou, they repeatedly conquered the barbarians. Although they won victories, the national strength was wasted.The rise of the Zhou family in the west, was supported by most of the princes by the time of King Wen, and by the time of his son King Wu, he formed an alliance with eight hundred princes and leaders of various ethnic groups in Mengjin (now on the southwestern side of the Yellow River in Mengxian County, Henan Province) to jointly defeat Zhou and Muye ( The first battle between the south of Qixian County and the north of Jixian County in Henan Province (now Henan) established the victory of destroying the merchants.

There were many Fang Kingdoms and Rongdi around the Shang Dynasty, including Renfang, Huaiyi, Hufang, Qunshu, Youxiong, Yuexi, Jifang, Quanfang, Xingfang, Jifang, Yuwurong, Yanjingrong, Yi [yi 1] Tu Rong, Xiluo Gui Rong, Long Fang, bridle [pei formula] Fang, (up and down said) Fang, Quan Rong, Qiang Fang, Xun Yu, Tu Fang, Wei Fang, Fang, Gui Fang, etc.Farther away are the Sushen in the present-day northeast and beyond, the Di and Qiang in the northwest, the Pu (pu) in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, the Ba and Shu in the Sichuan Basin, and the Yue in the east of Zhejiang.