Chapter 16 Section 2 Lu Jia exhorts

In China's feudal society, the royal family education began during the time of Qin Shihuang. For example, Prince Fusu and Qin II Hu Hai both had considerable cultivation in Confucianism and governance.However, the real realization of the importance of royal family education began with Han Gaozu Liu Bang. Liu Bang (256-195 BC), Emperor Gaozu of the Han Dynasty, established the Han Dynasty with the help of the peasant uprising army at the end of Qin Dynasty.After ascending to the throne of the emperor, he was complacent, thinking that from now on the world would be named Liu forever, and that as long as his Liu family's soldiers were strong and strong, the country would be peaceful and peaceful for a long time.Therefore, he despises scholars very much, and doesn't care about the education of the royal descendants at all.

One day, Lu Jia, a Confucian minister, praised the "Poetry" and "Poetry" in front of Emperor Gao, intending to inspire him to attach importance to culture and education.Liu Bang was very upset, and said: "I can get the world right away, so I can secure the Poetry!" When Lu Jia saw the emperor's angry face, he persuaded him earnestly, "I'd rather get it right away than I can get it right away." What about governance?" Then he said: "Shang Tang and King Wu of Zhou are both founding kings in history, and they resisted and obeyed. The combination of civil and military is the art of long-term stability! The historical Wu kings Fucha and Zhibo , all ruled by force, and ended up dying by extreme force. Qin Shihuang severely punished the law and did not use morality to govern culture and education, so he perished in the hands of Zhao Gao. If Qin Shihuang annexed the world by force, he practiced the teaching of benevolence and righteousness, imitated the ancestors, followed The sage taught me, how will Your Majesty gain this world?" ("Historical Records Lu Jia Biography")

Liu Bang was deeply moved by Lu Jia's words, and he realized that whether he pays attention to education is related to the long-term stability of his family.So he began to pay attention to his own cultural learning, and asked Lu Jia to write a book to describe the reasons for the success and failure of the past dynasties.Every time Lu Jia enters an article in "Xinyu", he is not unkind. Liu Bang understood the necessity of the emperor's own learning, and realized that the education of the crown prince was especially important. "Ancient Literature and Art" records that Liu Bang once ordered the prince to say: "When I was in troubled times, it was appropriate for the Qin Dynasty to ban learning. I liked myself and said that reading is useless. But since I became the emperor, I often read books and know the author's intentions. Reminiscing about the past There are many reasons for this.” He showed his own experience and advised the crown prince to seriously remember his past lessons of ignoring cultural studies and study hard.He not only asked the crown prince to study hard, but also asked the crown prince to practice writing diligently. He criticized the crown prince for his poor handwriting, which was not as good as him.Therefore, he told the prince to "study diligently and write books by himself every time he goes to school" (Volume 1 of "Quan Han Wen"), and he really paid attention to tutoring.