Chapter 2 Section 1 Family and Tutoring

Speaking of family, this is a commonly used and easy-to-understand noun.Generally speaking, we Chinese are accustomed to regard a living community with certain social functions bound by marriage and blood relationship (including adoption as a supplementary form of blood relationship) as a family.Since ancient times, people have believed that "there is a husband and a wife, and then there is a family". When they realize that there is no marriage relationship, "they live together in groups, know the mother and don't know the father, have no relatives, brothers, husband and wife, men and women, and there is no way to grow up and down. "("Lu's Spring and Autumn Annals of the King"), there is no way to organize a family.That is to say, the family is built on the basis of the marriage relationship, and the ideological, cultural, psychological, emotional, and human relations developed based on this relationship are also important factors in the composition of the family.Although the marriage relationship is the most basic and the latter is derived from the former, these two factors are indispensable, complement each other, and promote each other, so that the ancient family can be maintained and family human relations and cultural relations can be improved and developed.

The family is the product and symbol of private ownership in human society.Economic relations are very important in a family. If there is no common property relationship and support relationship, the relationship between husband and wife and blood ethics cannot be maintained; without common production and consumption relationships, it is difficult to have a common family life.Every family is a cell of society in terms of organizational form, and it cannot exist in isolation. As a member of society, every family member must establish various social ties with other social members, thus forming a society. complex web of relationships.That is to say, family relations include not only marriage and blood relations within the family, ideology, human relations, cultural, psychological and emotional relations, economic relations, etc., but also complex interpersonal relationships between the family and society.Generally speaking, the original form of interpersonal relationship is more of an extension of blood relationship. Especially in ancient Chinese society, this extended blood relationship largely preserved the legacy of the original clan. The significance of blood relationship cannot be ignored.

As we all know, family and family relationship are the cultural product of social development to a certain historical stage, and they are the summary of production and living experience for human beings to understand the needs of society and human development.In order to organize, consolidate and develop family relationships, the elders pass on knowledge about family and family relations to younger generations, impart knowledge and experience about spiritual life, material life and production, and cultivate their ability to deal with interpersonal relationships and participate in social activities. etc.In this way, family education was born with the establishment of the family.

From the perspective of the history of human social development, the emergence of the family as a product of private ownership marks the beginning of class society.In the long class society, family education also has the characteristics of class, which is reflected in the educational content, purpose, method, etc. There are differences between different classes and different levels in different classes.At the same time, in the same class, because families are affected by culture, customs, geographical environment, occupation, nationality, religion, etc., their family education is also different.In this book, we will describe the general situation of family education according to the nature and characteristics of ancient families in our country.