Chapter 31 Section 1 Liubo Chess

In the first sentence, it is said that the chess system of Liubo chess at that time was composed of three parts: chess, game and chopsticks.Chess is a pictographic chess piece that walks on the board, made of ivory, with six pieces on each side, one owl and five scattered, so it is called Liubo.The board is like a chessboard, square and with twists and turns.Chopsticks are dice.Made of bamboo, it is six cents long.The aristocrats used the jade as a decoration to show its preciousness.The chess pieces walk on the board, and the number of moves is determined by throwing chopsticks.

The second sentence is about the method of playing chess.Two people play a game or two groups of leagues, the method is "throw six chopsticks, play six chess".Throw the chopsticks first, then play chess, fighting wit and skill.When playing chess, we must pay attention to skills, attack and force each other, so as to make the opponent die. The third sentence "Come into the owl and Mou, call Wubai more", it is said that at the critical moment in the end of the game, when throwing chopsticks and throwing "Wubai", you can kill the opponent's important chess pieces at will and win double victory (Mou). And burst out the cry of victory.

Yunmeng, Hubei once excavated ancient tombs at the end of the Warring States period, including Liubo chess games from the Warring States period. The chessboard is made of wood, 38.5 centimeters long and 35 centimeters wide. The front of the chessboard is engraved with regular patterns and four dots are drawn with red lacquer. The chess pieces are made of bone, and there are six pieces in total, all of which are rectangular.Among them, the red one is larger, three centimeters long, 1.4 centimeters wide and 1.8 centimeters high. This is Xiaoqi.The remaining five are smaller, black, 2.5 cm long, 1.2 cm wide, and 1.7 cm high. These are Sanzu.

There are six chopsticks, which are split into two halves by small bamboo tubes, forming an arc-shaped section, 19.5 cm long. The shape and system of Liubo chess in the Qin and Western Han Dynasties is basically the same as that in the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Periods. During the Eastern Han Dynasty, the shape of Liubo chess was reformed once. After the reform, Liubo chess was called Xiaobo, while before the reform, Liubo chess was renamed Dabo.The main difference between big bo and small bo is the number of chopsticks.Big Bo has six chopsticks, and Little Bo has two chopsticks (Joan).Qiong, Qiong and chopsticks have the same function, they are throwing utensils.

Xiaobo’s moves in the Eastern Han Dynasty, according to "Liezi·Shuo Fu No. 8", two people sit opposite each other, the board is divided into 12 lanes, the middle of the two ends is called water, and 12 chess pieces are used, six white and six black.Take two fish and put them in the water.The throw is made of jade, its head is sharpened, and holes are drilled on all sides.When playing, the two play chess with each other one after another.Chess lines are erected everywhere, called Xiaoqi.That is to enter the water to eat fish, also called lead fish.Every time you pull a fish, you get two chips, every time you turn a fish, you get three chips, and if you get six chips, it is a big win.

In 1972, a set of green-glazed chess figurines was unearthed from an Eastern Han tomb in Lingbao, Henan.A rectangular plate is placed on a couch, with six long chips placed on one side of the plate, and a square gaming table placed on the other half.There are six square chess pieces on each side and two round "fish" in the middle.Kneeling and sitting on both sides of the couch, the two figurines played against each other, and the image was lifelike.