Chapter 42 Section 3 Overseas Chinese Press and Overseas Chinese Magazine

Outside of mainland China, Chinese newspapers and periodicals founded by overseas Chinese appeared in the 1880s.Prior to this, several newspapers and periodicals run by foreign missionaries had been published in Southeast Asia. The "Monthly Biography of Chase Secularism" published in Malacca in 1807 was the earliest one.This monthly magazine was published for six years. Although some news, astronomy, geography and other intellectual articles were also published, it was mainly related to religion, because the purpose of the missionary was to spread Christian teachings.Similar newspapers include "Selected Summary Daily Biography" (founded by Batavia in 1923).The first Chinese-language newspaper in Southeast Asia founded by an overseas Chinese was Lat Pao.

In 1881, Lat Pao was published in Singapore.The founder is Xue Youli, who is a fifth-generation overseas Chinese; the chief writer is Ye Jiyun, who is hired from Hong Kong. This versatile writer with excellent poetry and prose has worked in "La Pao" for 41 years. At the end of the 19th century, "Star News", "Tiannan Daily", "Ri Xin Bao" (Singapore), "Hua Yang Xin Bao", "Island News" (Penang Island), and "Hua Bao" (Philippines) were successively published in Southeast Asia. Wait for seven newspapers.Due to human and financial reasons, most of these newspapers are short-lived and can only last for a few years or even a few months.Only "La Pao" is an exception. It persisted in publishing for 51 years, and it did not stop publishing until 1931 due to the impact of the world economic crisis. Lat Pao was the most influential Chinese-language newspaper in Southeast Asia at that time.

Before and after the Revolution of 1911 in the early 20th century, many newspapers and periodicals were published in Southeast Asia. Their political inclinations were distinct, and different factions formed around the contradiction between the revolutionary faction headed by Dr. Sun Yat-sen and the royalist faction headed by Kang Youwei. "Tunan Daily", founded in 1904 by raising funds from Chen Chunan and Zhang Yongfu, was a newspaper that publicized the revolution.Under the fierce attack of the Qing Dynasty and various conservative forces, it was run with its own characteristics. It gradually sold more than 2,000 copies from more than 30 copies a day when it was first published, and its influence has expanded day by day.However, due to financial difficulties, it only persisted for two years before stopping publication.Singapore published "Nanyang General Report" in 1905 and "Zhongxing Daily" in 1907. The former was conservative and royalist, while the latter promoted revolution. In 1910, "Guanghua Daily" was published in Penang, which gradually replaced "Zhongxing Daily" and became the main propaganda position of the revolutionaries in Singapore and Malaysia.During this period, "Sibin Daily" and "Huaduo Daily" were published in Indonesia, "Jingduo Xinbao" in the Philippines, "Guanghua Daily" in Myanmar, and "Hanjing Daily" in Thailand.

In the 30 years after the Revolution of 1911, with the overthrow of the Qing Dynasty, the economic and social development of Southeast Asian countries, the enhancement of the economic power of overseas Chinese, and the improvement of educational and cultural standards, Chinese newspapers flourished. In Singapore, in addition to the original "La Pao", seven newspapers were established during this period, of which the most influential ones were "Nanyang Siang Pau" and "Sin Chew Daily". "Nanyang Commercial Daily" was founded and operated by Tan Kah Kee in 1923. It hired intellectuals with a high level of education from China to compile the newspaper. The content was rich and varied, and it was one of the most influential newspapers in Southeast Asia at that time. "Sin Chew Daily" was founded in 1929. It is another influential newspaper after "Nanyang Siang Pau". Series "Star" Department of Newspapers.During this period in Malaya, 30 newspapers appeared successively, of which only six such as "Mahua Daily", "Guanghua Daily", and "Modern Daily" persisted until the eve of the Japanese occupation in early 1942.

In Indonesia, the most influential ones are Tiansheng Daily and Xinbao.The former is the official newspaper of the Indonesian Chinese Nationalist Branch, founded in 1921; Under the leadership of the outstanding journalist Hong Yuanyuan, "New Paper" hired intellectuals from China to preside over the writing and management."Gongli Daily", "Overseas Chinese Business Daily", "Xinmin Daily" in the Philippines, "Kingmin Daily", "Overseas Chinese Daily", "Hua Siam Daily" in Thailand, and "Juemin Daily" in Myanmar are relatively influential in their respective regions. big newspaper.

During the Second World War, Southeast Asia was occupied by the Japanese invaders, and most of the Overseas Chinese Newspapers ceased publication.After the war, the newspaper industry in Southeast Asia once showed a fairly prosperous situation.In Singapore and Malaysia, old newspapers such as "Nanyang Siang Pau", "Sin Chew Daily" and "Guanghua Daily" also published some new newspapers and periodicals.Among the newly published newspapers and periodicals, Nanqiao Daily was founded in November 1946.Tan Kah Kee is the founder of the newspaper, and Hu Yuzhi, Xia Yan, and Hong Sisi have served as the president, editor-in-chief, and director of the social affairs committee.Under the auspices of this powerful lineup, "Nanqiao Daily" adheres to democracy and opposes dictatorship, and has a strong news nature, with editorials, current commentaries, and special articles all at a high level.Its sister journals "Fengxia" (editor-in-chief Hu Yuzhi) and "New Women" (editor-in-chief Shen Zijiu) are also doing very well.In Jakarta, "Life News", founded by Wang Jiyuan and others in 1945, is the best among the newly established newspapers. It and "New News" are the two most influential in Indonesia. New China Newspaper. The "People's Daily", founded in December 1946 (starting as a ten-day periodical), is the largest Chinese newspaper in Yangon.

Since the publication of "La Pao" in 1881, the overseas Chinese newspaper industry in Southeast Asia has survived and developed through hardships in a difficult environment.As one of the three pillars of the overseas Chinese society, it has played a great role in the unity and progress of the overseas Chinese community, in improving the cultural quality of the overseas Chinese, and in stimulating the patriotism and internationalism of the overseas Chinese.Especially in support of the 1911 Revolution, the Anti-Japanese War and the People's Liberation War from the public opinion, its contribution is indelible.