Chapter 159 landscape painting

Referred to as "Shanshui", it mainly describes the natural landscape of mountains and rivers. It was formed during the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties. It became independent in the Sui and Tang Dynasties, and matured in the Five Dynasties and the Northern Song Dynasty. It became an important painting discipline of Chinese painting.The most closely related to human life are the mountains and rivers of nature. Landscapes are not only an important environment for people's lives, but also an important aesthetic object.The pre-Qin Confucianism put forward "the benevolent enjoys the mountains and the wise enjoys the water", which is a humanistic reflection on the ideal morality of mountains and rivers and people.But they "must look at the big water when they see the big water", which more or less includes the appreciation of the natural beauty of mountains and rivers.The awakening of human nature in the Wei and Jin Dynasties made people get rid of the Confucian "Bide" aesthetics, and open their minds to appreciate the natural beauty of mountains and rivers. Xiaoao Jianghu and love for mountains and rivers have become the spiritual sustenance of many people.The emergence of landscape painting is as logical as the appearance of landscape pastoral poems represented by Tao Yuanming and Xie Lingyun.

Landscape painting reached its peak in the Song and Yuan Dynasties and became the main body of Chinese painting. In addition to admiring the great rivers and mountains, it is more about embodying the humanistic spirit.Song Guoxi's "Linquan Gaozhi·Shanshui Xun" said: "The reason why a gentleman loves mountains and rivers is his purpose. The hills and gardens are nourishing, where they are always; Also; apes and cranes are flying, and they are often seen; the hustle and bustle of the world is often hated by human emotions; the haze and sage, this human emotions are often desired but cannot be seen... Now I have a wonderful hand, and I am so depressed that I will not go to the banquet. , Sitting in the poor springs and ravines, the sound of apes and birds, as promised, the scenery of mountains and waters, and the rippling waves are eye-catching. Isn’t this unsatisfactory?

Landscape painting is redrawn from life, that is, as Shi Tao said, "search all the strange peaks to make a draft", emphasizing the expression of artistic conception.According to the painting style, it can be divided into green landscape, golden landscape, ink landscape, light crimson landscape, boneless landscape and so on.