Chapter 121 Hammer

Zhu is the only percussion instrument in ancient my country before the dulcimer was introduced.At the end of the Warring States Period, Jing Ke assassinated the King of Qin, and when Yi Shui and Yan Taizi Dan said goodbye, he sang the famous "Yishui Song": "The wind is rustling and the water is cold, and the strong man will never return once he is gone!" The instrument played by the famous musician Gao Jianli is Zhu.What exactly the building looks like is not clear.People in the Han Dynasty (Ying Shao) said it was "big like a qin", and people in the Tang Dynasty (Yan Shigu) said it was "like a zither but thin-necked".It roughly looks like a musical instrument such as a zither or a zither, with five strings, twelve strings, thirteen strings, and twenty-one strings in various shapes.But they are all "strike it with bamboo".

Unearthed from the Mawangdui Han Tomb in Changsha, there is a built Ming ware about one foot long, shaped like a long stick with four edges, and has five small bamboo nails arranged in a word, which shows that it originally had five strings.There are paintings on the unearthed coffin. There is a person holding the construction in his left hand and beating with a thin stick in his right hand. The building was later abandoned. Yangqin, also known as "yangqin", "playing qin", "knocking qin", "steel qin", "fan qin", "bat qin" and "butterfly qin", is a common percussion instrument in my country.

The dulcimer is a foreign musical instrument. Its predecessor was a percussion instrument called the Satyr popular in Persia (now Iran) and Arabia.It has a trapezoidal or rectangular piano case, dozens of steel strings are stretched on the panel, and a bridge is supported at two-thirds of the strings, so that each string emits two tones in a fifth-degree relationship.This kind of Satyr is still circulating in Iran, Iraq, Syria and other countries, and it was introduced to China in the late Ming Dynasty. The timbre of dulcimer is sweet, crisp and bright, and its playing method is special, so it soon became popular all over the country.It was originally used as an accompaniment for various opera performances. Most of the qin books in various places use yangqin as the main accompaniment instrument, such as Shandong qinshu, Xuzhou qinshu, Anhui qinshu, Guangxi Wenchang, Guizhou wenqin, Sichuan yangqin and Yunnan yangqin.Yangqin is also used as an accompaniment instrument in local opera music such as Cantonese opera, Chaozhou opera, Han opera, Fujian opera, Yue opera and Shanghai opera.

The traditional dulcimer has a small body, with double seven-tone and double eight-tone types, only two rows of bridges, low volume, wide range, and inconvenient tuning.After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the dulcimer was improved by enlarging the sound box and increasing the number of strings. There are movable roller sound changing slots on both sides of the strings, which can be quickly tuned and convenient for tuning. The Yangqin is played by striking the strings with two bamboos (also known as qin jian) to produce sound, which has a beautiful tone.It is not only an important accompaniment instrument of modern opera, but also one of the leading instruments of national bands, and is often used for solo performances.