Chapter 93 phase and song

The essence of Yuefu in the Han Dynasty is the folk songs listed by Guo Maoqian in the category of "Xianghe Geci".Folk songs were not called "Xianghe Ge" in the Han Dynasty, but were all classified as "Qing Shang Music".It was people in the Six Dynasties who called them "Xianghege". "Song Shu Le Zhi" said: "Harmony is the old song of the Han Dynasty. Silk and bamboo are more harmonious, and those who hold festivals sing." It also said: "All the ancient words of the music, the survivors today, and the Han Dynasty Street Moyao Acura , "Jiangnan Can Pick Lotus", "Wusheng Eighty-nine Sons", and "White Head Song" belong to it." These "Jiemo Ballads" circulated among the people are the true "songs for the hungry and songs for the laborers". "Its work", so it has a strong ideological and high artistic quality.We are all very familiar with "Pingling East", "Fifteen Military Expeditions", "Moshang Sang", "Xielu", "Haoli", "Dongmen Tour", "Women's Disease Tour", "Orphan Tour", "Yan Ge He Chang Tour", "Gongwu" "Crossing the River" and "Baitou Yin" are all Xianghe songs.

These "Jiemoyao" were originally just a cappella without musical instrument accompaniment, and they were called "tuge" at that time. "Book of Jin Lezhi" said under the articles "Han Shijie Mo Ou Ballad" and "Wu Song": "All these songs are all songs from the beginning." "Book of Jin Yuezhi" said: "The four songs of Dange have no string festival since the Han Dynasty. The tricksters first advocated it. One person sang and three people reconciled." Later, musical instrument accompaniment was added, and one person held a A kind of musical instrument called "Jie" is sung by people who sing, which is the aforementioned "Silk and bamboo are more harmonious, and those who hold festivals sing".The musical instruments it uses vary at any time. Volume 26 quotes "Ancient and Modern Music Records" and says: "For all harmony, there are seven kinds of instruments: Sheng, flute, festival song, qin, se, pipa, and zither."

The highest form of Xianghe song is "Daqu", which is a performance form of singing and dancing with the accompaniment of musical instruments. Volume 26 says Xianghege "All tunes have speech and sound, while Daqu is colorful, trendy and chaotic".He also explained: "The speech is like a poem; the voice is like 'Yang Wu Yi Yi Na He' and the like; beauty is before the song, and trend and chaos are after the song, just like Wu Sheng and Xiqu, there is harmony before and after. There is also a gift." The so-called "ci" refers to the lyrics, which is the Han Yuefu folk songs we see now.

"Sound" refers to the words in the song that have sound and have no meaning, and only play the role of filling up syllables, which are the so-called "lining words" today, such as "Yi'er yo, Yaer yo" and the like.In the Yuefu folk song "Thinking", the two characters "Liang" in the sentence "Liang Zhushi, why is the south and why is the north" in "War City South" are both "sound". "Yan" is the introduction or prelude in Daqu, which can be played with musical instruments or sung. "Tendency" and "Chaos" are the concluding passages, and they can also be sung and played.

The most complete Daqu form is a three-segment structure: The first section is "Yan", which is usually at the front, but there are also some in the middle, and it is often a beautiful and lyrical section. The second stanza is the body of the song.It often has several songs, called "solutions". The third paragraph is "trend" or "chaos". "Turn" is a more soothing tune, which may have the music style of Wu and Chu, while "Ran" is a more passionate tune. The end of the tune is often the time when the climax occurs. Therefore, all With the addition of musical instruments, the speed is accelerated, the melody is more ups and downs, the singing changes accordingly, the dance is more passionate, and the music ends in a climax.Therefore, if a song needs a lyrical ending, it will choose "Trend"; if it needs a warm ending, it will choose "Chaos".This is why "trend" and "chaos" do not appear in a piece of music at the same time.