Chapter 49 Kong Sanzhuan/Founder of Zhugong Tiao

Kong Sanchuan, his real name is not Kong Sanchuan.He was a rap artist who was active in Bianliang, the capital city, during the Xining, Yuanfeng, and Yuanyou years of the Northern Song Dynasty.It is said that he was called "Kong San Zhuan" because he was good at describing "Liu Zhiyuan Zhugong Tune", "Xixiang Ji Zhugong Tune" and "Tianbao Legacy Zhugong Tune". His real name was forgotten by everyone.He is mentioned in Meng Yuanlao's "Tokyo Menghualu", Naideweng's "Capital Jisheng", and Wang Zhuo's "Biji Manzhi", but his life and deeds are not recorded. "Biji Manzhi" said: "The three biography of Confucius in Zezhou is the first to create the ancient biography of Zhugong tunes, and all scholars and bureaucrats can recite it." We know that he is from Zezhou (now Shanxi); The strong "Zhugong Tune" was created by him; because of the beautiful lyrics, it is loved by scholar-bureaucrats.

Zhugongdiao was the main form of rap and singing in the Song Dynasty. It absorbed Daqu, Zhuanta and some folk music at that time to develop. Its biggest features are two: first, it is not limited to the same Gongdiao, so it is flexible and changeable. Strong; second, it is not limited to the number of tunes, according to the needs of the plot, can form a number of long or short sets, so it is convenient to rap and sing long stories.This artistic creation has an important influence on the formation of Chinese opera. Kong Sanchuan is an artist with an important position in the history of Chinese opera and folk art.