Chapter 27 Southern Tang Lie Zu - Li Min
Li Min (888-943), courtesy name Zhenglun, also known as Xu Zhigao, was born in Xuzhou (now west of Lianyungang, Jiangsu Province).Founder of the Southern Tang Kingdom.
During his seven years in office, Li Min rewarded production, opened up wasteland and reclaimed land, and abolished bad policies such as "Dingkou money" and "mu round money", which were conducive to the development of production.In his later years, he believed in the Tao of longevity and died of poisoning.
A little bit is clearly worth ten thousand gold, but when you open it, you are afraid of the cold wind;
This first seven-character quatrain was written by a nine-year-old child prodigy.At that time, although he was dependent on others, he was small and ambitious, and he had the ambition to govern the country. He used this poem to affirm his ideas and wishes.No wonder Xu Wen, the adoptive father, "admired him when he read it, so he didn't meet him like a normal child." This is Li Min, the later leader of the Southern Tang Dynasty.
There are only four sentences in the whole poem, and only twenty-eight characters in short, expressing the voice of his young heart yearning for the light and cherishing the light.
As soon as the first sentence was written, the poet pointed out: Lighting a lamp in the dark night, the light shared by people is worth ten thousand gold.This sentence not only praises the preciousness of light, but also expresses the poet's desire for light.Because of darkness, people turn a blind eye, have nothing to do, feel distressed and depressed, and become blind; but light brings joy to people, making people's eyes bright, their horizons broadened, and their hearts open-minded.So people often regard light as a symbol of happiness and hope.
Since "brightness" is "worth ten thousand gold" in people's minds, it should be cherished even more.Therefore, in the couplet, the poet reminds people: "When it is on, I am afraid of the cold wind." It means: when the lamp is on, think that it is afraid of the wind.So it should be protected.Otherwise, being blown out by the wind is equivalent to not being lit, and still being in darkness.
In the poet's view, it is far from enough to pay attention to wind protection for the precious lights, and we must do our best and take good care of them.Therefore, the poet put forward in the second couplet: "If the owner is also diligent in provoking, dare to show his heart to the ancestor?" It means: if the owner of the lamp takes good care of it, frequently pulls the lamp grass and cuts the lamp flowers frequently, then the lamp will emit brighter light.How dare you not fulfill your duty in front of your master?
This couplet shows that the poet should take good care of the lighting and work hard to support it so that it can play a better role.This is beneficial to both ourselves and others.
The whole poem uses lamps as metaphors, affirming the poet's "view of talents".He particularly emphasized these luminous points—the value and preciousness of talents, and put forward political views that should be cherished, loved and fostered.Here is not only entrusted by oneself, but also has a wide range of meanings.Therefore, this is a philosophical poem with profound and rich meaning.At such a young age, the poet has such foresight and insight, which is rare among ancient child prodigies.Therefore, he was able to build the Southern Tang Dynasty, create a foundation, establish himself as emperor, and implement enlightened politics in the troubled times, so that the society was temporarily stabilized and developed.This is inseparable from his childhood ambition.
In terms of artistic conception, it also has its own unique features.
First, the selection of materials is well-chosen and philosophical.
The poet is good at extracting typical materials from real life. When selecting materials, he focuses on common things in life, and incorporates the most familiar things into his writing, so that he can be known to everyone and everyone.For example: choose "Singing the Lantern" as the title, and use light as the main point of praise.This alone, it has firmly grasped the hearts of readers.This is not only because "brightness" is a symbol of beauty, what people yearn for, and is quite attractive to people, but also because "lights" are found in every family; Everyone has the feeling of human beings.Therefore, the poet regards the light in the dark night as "worth ten thousand gold", pointing out its preciousness.It further explains that precious things should be cherished, loved and supported, so that they can fully play their role and show their value.This kind of reasoning can be accepted by everyone.Thus played a good social effect.This is the ingenuity of the poet's pen.
In terms of implication: the poet starts with perceptual knowledge, introduces readers into the door, and then sublimates it to rational knowledge.The lamp is written clearly, and it is a metaphor for people—that is, people of value, people who can bring light and hope to society.And solemnly put forward: the correct attitude to treat such talents.This is the true intention of the poet and the gist of the whole poem.
What is commendable about this poem is that a child who is only nine years old can raise such a major issue of social concern.In just four sentences, he expressed his proposition on talents: the statement firstly needs to understand the value and preciousness of talents, and puts forward specific measures for cherishing, caring and cultivating talents.This not only expresses personal wishes, but also appeals to the whole society.And his proposition focuses on the "master".The "master" here has both broad and narrow meanings: first, it refers to Xu Wen, the adoptive father. Because he is dependent on others and is still young, although he has great ambitions, if he does not get his support and help, his lofty ambitions will be difficult accomplish.This is narrow sense.Second, in a broad sense, it refers to influential and authoritative people, because they are the people who control the "luminous body", so they are particularly important.If "the master is also diligent in provoking", it will present a situation where talents come forth in large numbers.This is what the poet yearns for and expects to see.This kind of mood and desire of the poet will inevitably win the resonance of people of insight in the society.The poet's proposition must also win the support and response of upright people.Therefore, this poem has great inspiration.
Second, in terms of structural arrangement, the logic is strict and logical.Although it is only a reply sentence, it is better than an argumentative essay.convincing.
In terms of artistic techniques, the author uses anthropomorphic techniques, such as: "Dare to show your respect without being wholehearted?" The word "not wholeheartedly" regards the lamp as a person who has life and understands emotions, which enhances the vitality of the poem.
Third, in terms of language, it is easy to understand and unpretentious.The colloquialism of the poet's verses shows that he pays attention to absorbing nutrition from the folk.The whole poem is as clear as words, without a word of abstruse.The purpose of doing this is nothing more than what Bai Juyi said: "If you don't care about the writing,... I hope the world will know it."As a result, its advocacy has been deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, and the artistic effect of wide radiation and strong appeal has been achieved.