Chapter 61 Nian Nujiao·Jinggangshan

Towering thousands of trees, thousands of miles away, flying up to the strange mountains in the southern sky. , In the Huangyang world, the car flies like a leap. , Ancient Zeng Yunhai Green. . , Nine deaths and a lifetime as yesterday. , The wind and thunder are majestic. . This poem was first published in the September 1986 edition of "Selected Poems of Mao Zedong" by People's Literature Publishing House. "Towering trees, thousands of miles, flying up to the strange mountains in the southern sky." At the beginning, the scene is described with great momentum. Among the thousands of scenery in Jinggang Mountain, "Towering trees" is directly selected with a large field of vision. The scenery of Jinggang Mountain at the end of May is pleasant, The trees soaring into the sky are lush and lush, old and deep, and the mountains are deep and long, winding for thousands of miles. The strange mountain in the southern sky "Jinggang Mountain".The word "Fei" makes the original ordinary beginning dyed with a touch of agility. The southern mountains are originally delicate and graceful, but the mountains are like flying, and they are steep and compelling.In connection with "the car is flying like a leap" in the following, it can be said that the smooth mood is described. In the past, Lao Du took a boat "that is, from Baxia to Wuxia, and then went to Xiangyang to Luoyang", but now Mao Zedong "takes a car" That is, from Maoping to Ciping, the body is far away, but the heart is far away, and the happiness of the mood is revealed from the word "fly".

"What do you see when you come back to the old place? There are more towers and pavilions." This sentence is a question and an answer, which is described in white.The phrase "returning to the old place" here points out the purpose of the topic, and the comparison between the past and the present has some hidden emotions in it. The snake gray line makes the text turn inward.The answer "there are too many towers and pavilions" is plain on the surface, but it implies the meaning of spring and prosperity after the founding of New China, and the prosperity of all wastes.If the society is in turmoil and the people are displaced, most of them will see the vegetation mourn, the mountains and rivers change color, and even the pavilions will collapse, the walls will be broken, and the foxes and rabbits will come and go. How can there be new "buildings and pavilions"?But here I have to point out that the four characters "loutaitingge" are too general, and the lyrics must have an artistic conception. The true feelings and scenes can be seen here, but it is a pity that it is not vivid and moving.

"In front of the stele of five wells, on the boundary of Huangyang, the car flies like a leap." There are large wells, small wells, upper wells, middle wells, lower wells and other places on Jinggang Mountain, which are collectively called five wells.Huangyangjie is the most dangerous of the five outposts in Jinggangshan (Tongmuling, Zhushachong, Shuangbashi, Bamianshan, Huangyangjie), and it is the only way to enter Jinggangshan from Ninggang.The mountains here are Wei Qi and Cui Wei, with clouds and fog all the year round, and the vast sea of ​​clouds, so it is also called "Wang Yangjie".Because of the dangerous terrain, during the war years, Huang Yangjie occupied an important position, "one man guards the gate, and ten thousand men cannot open it".More than 30 years ago, the soldiers and civilians of Jinggangshan conducted the "Battle of Defense of Huangyangjie" here, winning more with less, which turned the Jinggangshan base area into safety. "The car is flying like a leap", and the last two sentences are what I saw in the car. Rather than saying that the speed of the car is fast, it is better to say that the poet is lamenting that the road condition is good.One is that the mountain road was rugged at that time, but the car was flying like flying at this time, which is very different from the Jinggang Mountain in memory, and the poet is in a good mood; the other is "the high road leads to the clouds". Spirit, believing in the greatness of the power of "people", this is what excites him the most.However, it is still necessary to point out that this sentence is too straight as a word, and it tends to become shallow and smooth, and the word "fei" is repeated with the previous sentence, which is a bit of a disease of overlapping.

"The mountains and rivers are picturesque, and the ancient clouds and seas are green." The last sentence of the last sentence "the mountains and the rivers are picturesque" comes from Dongpo's "the mountains and rivers are picturesque, how many heroes at a time". It is the majestic momentum of swallowing the eight wastes, pointing to the country, and the proud figure looking down at the sea is vivid on the paper. "In ancient times Zeng Yunhai Green" is a rhyming word order, to the effect that, some people say that this place used to be a sea in ancient times.However, this twist, using the effect of "defamiliarization" to save the shallow and slippery loss of the first two sentences, has the effect of "the east corner of the loss, and the mulberry elm harvested".Moreover, the ancient times here are not only Dongpo's thinking about the Three Kingdoms, but Li He's "Yellow dust and clear water under the three mountains, and the change is like a thousand years. Looking at Qizhou in the distance, there is a little smoke, and a sea of ​​​​sea water pours into the cup" ( "Dream Sky") such a depth of field.With such a length of history, even the historical activities of human beings are just a snap of the fingers, how open-minded the poet should be.According to the handwriting of the word, this sentence is "men are red and women are green everywhere", so the taste of the word is really lost.Although the poet’s praise of human strength in Shangyu is not clearly written, there are details everywhere. If you have to repeat the explanation at the end, it will inevitably make people tired, and it will also completely lose the characteristic of "need to be small and easy to repair" in the poem. After all, crisp words still need to maintain the characteristics of words.

"Thirty-eight years at the flick of a finger, the world has changed, as if the abyss of heaven has been overturned." This sentence follows from the past, and the picturesque mountains and rivers change in an instant. For the beautiful and dangerous Jinggang Mountains, what is thirty-eight years?But for poets, it is different for "human world". The author uses a metaphor "like the sky overturned" to describe the great change. "Recalling the past, the years are long and thick", the poet thirty-eight years ago was also like Zhou Lang, a young talent with a feather fan and a scarf.At that time, Mao Zedong led the troops of the Autumn Harvest Uprising to Jinggangshan and created the first revolutionary base.The following year, Zhu Mao joined forces, and Mao Zedong led his troops down the mountain in 1929. From then on, a single spark started to start a prairie fire.Jinggangshan is a place of special significance to poets, and it is the place where ideals begin to move towards reality.

"I still remember that in the beacon fire at that time, nine deaths and one life was like yesterday." The line description of this sentence is also derived from Xin Qiji's poem "Yongyule Jingkou Beiguting Nostalgia for Forty-three Years, I still remember, the beacon fire Yangzhou Road" .Thirty-eight years have passed since the war years filled with gunpowder, but they are still vivid in my mind, as clear as yesterday.This sentence is to cherish the hard-won victory. The revolution was successful and the People's Republic of China was established, but how can we jump out of the historical cycle of "everyone worked hard at the beginning, and then the country was destroyed, and the people died and the government was left" rate" cycle?This is a question that poets have never stopped thinking about.After all, Mao Zedong was a politician first and a poet second.Chen Jieshi once said when discussing how to achieve a good Ci environment, it is necessary to "stand at a high place and act at a wide place", and said that "being high and wide can cover everything, tolerate everything, and be free from constraints. The true experience. If you seek the essence, you will be broad in your mind and high in your identity" ("Sound Zhi").It is precisely because Mao Zedong stands tall and sees far, so the poetic environment he created also has a lofty meaning.

"Unique pride, bright moon hanging in the sky, majestic wind and thunder." This sentence makes the whole word suddenly vivid and full of vistas, which can be described as "unique in the text".Recalling the events of the thirty-eight years, the snow and the claws, yesterday's events cannot be traced, but what runs through it is the majestic pride like the wind and thunder, the same pride as the bright moon hanging high in the sky.The two metaphors are magnificent, like a whale swallowing a bird and throwing it. "The bright moon hanging in the sky" can also be regarded as "Xing". Maybe Mao Zedong did see the white jade plate hanging in the middle of the sky on the night when he went back to Jinggangshan, and he couldn't help but think "it's like a moon when it's bright" (Cao Cao's "Duan Ge Xing" ) feeling, after all, a thousand things are waiting to be done, and I am thirsty for a sage, and I dare to forget it in my heart.However, "Life is endless from generation to generation, and the river and the moon are only similar year after year" (Zhang Ruoxu's "Spring River Flower and Moon Night"), whether it is the river moon or the mountain moon, it reflects the worry of being a true hero in history. , History tells us that the year after this word was written, in 1966, the "Cultural Revolution" broke out. "Born in sorrow, die in peace", a generation of great men is by no means a blindly optimistic person, because of thinking, there will be tension. "Kyushu is angry with the wind and thunder", the next sentence gushes out with majestic air, but because of the image of "the bright moon hanging in the sky" in front of it, this lofty feeling suddenly has the power to sink, and naturally avoids the disease of being too explicit .This sentence is the finishing touch of the whole word, and it can also give rise to an infinite meaning. The beauty of the poem's swaying can be glimpsed here.

"When the rooster sings, all the monsters disappear in smoke." The last sentence is a metaphor to describe that after the success of the Chinese revolution, all the bad phenomena in the old society disappeared.In terms of the context of the lyrics, "a rooster sings" inherits "a bright moon hangs in the sky", and the night finally passes, "a rooster sings and the world becomes white", and ends with the legendary words of demons and ghosts who dare not harm the world during the day, echoing the above Que's initial happy mood expresses a kind of triumphant pride.And it echoes the smoke of gunpowder thirty-eight years ago in Xiawei's memory. The smoke of gunpowder has gone away, and the demons of war have gone away from the people of New China. Since then, "the Chinese people have stood up."