Chapter 48 Qijue: Capturing a photo for the female militiamen

The valiant and heroic five-foot spear, the first light of dawn shines on the military field. , I don't like red clothes, but I like armed forces. This poem was first published in the December 1963 edition of "Chairman Mao's Poems" by People's Literature Publishing House. Thoughts on politics and military affairs are condensed into a hymn to the militia, which contains a kind of spiritual deterrence.At that time, there were many troubles in the northern border, which was not at peace with the Soviet Union; in the southwest border, there was a territorial dispute between China and India;When the enemy is in all directions, the soldiers and the people are the foundation of victory. "Photograph for the Female Militia" contains this connotation deeply.

Mao Zedong always believed that poetry is better than emotion, and the creation of poetry is inseparable from the description of scenes.To know the creation process of the poem, we have to start from the beginning. In the autumn of 1951, Li Yuanhui, a Hunan girl from Hunan People's Revolutionary University, and more than 40 other students were selected and transferred to Beijing and assigned to the confidential training team for training.Half a year later, Li Yuanhui was assigned to the General Staff. In 1956, she was transferred to the General Office of the Central Committee to do confidential work. In September 1958, Mao Zedong proposed that all the people should be soldiers, and a large number of militia divisions should be established.Beijing first established the Capital Militia Division.Li Yuanhui participated in the military training of the capital militia team for more than two months, mainly for the celebration review of the 10th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China. On October 1, 1959, the capital militia division and the militia formation were inspected.Mao Zedong and other leaders of the central government boarded the Tiananmen Rostrum and saw the capital militia formation wearing military uniforms and holding rifles walking neatly through Tiananmen Square. He smiled and waved.

After the militia team was inspected, Li Yuanhui took photos in full armor and kept the photos in his purse. In the winter of 1960, Mao Zedong went to Zhejiang, Guangdong and other places for investigation and research, and Li Yuanhui and others accompanied him as staff.This photo was seen by Mao Zedong by chance, so Li Yuanhui gave it to Mao Zedong, and Mao Zedong wrote a poem about the photo. In the spring of 1961, Mao Zedong re-wrote this poem "Photograph for the Female Militia" on Xuan paper in Zhongnanhai Juxiang Bookstore, Beijing, and officially presented it to Li Yuanhui.Li Yuanhui treasured this handwriting as a treasure.

There are currently five handwritings left by Mao Zedong for the first seven masterpieces, one of which was signed in December 1960, and the revised version was finalized in February 1961.The poem was later published in "Mao Zedong's Poetry" published by People's Literature Publishing House in 1963, entitled "Photograph for the Female Militia".The word "makeup" in "red makeup" and "wu makeup" in the poem has been changed to "zhuang", and "风刚" has also been changed to "sailing".Since then, Mao Zedong's "Photograph for the Female Militia" has been spread throughout the country through major media, and it has been used as lyrics and music, and it has been sung all over the country.

When Mao Zedong saw a photo of a female militiaman, he became very poetic, which reflected his renewed focus on the military and his idea that all the people should be soldiers. In August 1958, Mao Zedong ordered the People's Liberation Army to bombard Kinmen, Matsu and other coastal islands due to Taiwan's harassment along the coast of the mainland.Mao Zedong judged the situation and decisively decided to continue to keep Kinmen and Matsu in the hands of the Chiang Kai-shek clique, so that the Kinmen, Matsu, Taiwan, and Penghu issues could be finally resolved together, thereby defeating the U.S. plot of "one China, one Taiwan" or "two Chinas" .However, the Kinmen artillery battle caused tension in the Taiwan Strait after all. Therefore, in September 1958, Mao Zedong issued a call for "a large militia division". Since August 1959, the Indian armed forces have provoked an armed conflict on the Sino-Indian border. After July 1960, disputes on the Sino-Soviet border also began to occur.The tense international situation made Mao Zedong pay more attention to national defense.Since then, Mao Zedong sometimes personally inspected the combat readiness concepts of the staff around him.Once, he gathered the staff around him, and after practicing in formation, he said with satisfaction that all our people are soldiers, that is 600 million soldiers. Let's see who can be the enemy in the world?If imperialism dares to invade us, it will make it impossible for him to move an inch!

Mao Zedong vividly portrayed the spiritual outlook of the female militiamen in his scene poems inscribed through photos.The valiant and heroic demeanor is a reference to the sentence "heroic and heroic demeanor is like a fierce battle" in Du Fu's "Danqing Yin" in the Tang Dynasty.Sassy, ​​vigorous and brave.Five-foot gun refers to the rifle used by the militia during drills.Five feet, an imaginary number technique commonly used in ancient poetry.The training ground, that is, the militia training ground.Red clothes refer to women's attire.Throughout the "Photographs for the Female Militia", Mao Zedong used simple language to outline the warm scenes of the military training of the female militia, described the vigorous and heroic appearance of the women in New China, praised their heroic spirit of "women do not let their eyebrows" conveyed A new spirit of the times and an extraordinary ambition to defend the motherland at any time.From the image of female militiamen wearing military uniforms, this poem shows the ambition of the new generation of Chinese sons and daughters to serve the country.The words are as clear as words, natural and fluent, but with profound connotations and endless charm.Through the shaping of artistic images, the poem expresses Mao Zedong's consistent advocacy of the idea that "the soldiers and the people are the foundation of victory".

In the poem, Mao Zedong's imagination is very beautiful. "The five-foot spear in a heroic and heroic posture, the first light of dawn shines on the military training ground", which depicts a picture of a vigorous military training.The red sun is rising, and the morning glow is thousands of miles away. The female militiamen are dressed in military uniforms and holding steel guns. ", the "five-foot gun" fully reveals the heroism of the "female militia", and the "military training ground" in "Dawn" is full of charming colors. "The sons and daughters of the Chinese nation are full of ambitions, they don't like red clothes, they love armed forces." Mao Zedong turned from describing scenes to directly expressing his emotions, pointing out that all the sons and daughters of China in the new era are not mediocre, they all have great ambitions, and they can serve the country at any time.Love armed forces is better than red clothes, which not only further reveals the fashion of women in the new era, but also strengthens the characteristics of the era of the image of "female militiamen".The poem has twenty-eight characters, with vivid language, bright colors and rich connotations.As a political leader, Mao Zedong was able to capture new fragments of women's lives from a single photo, capture instant feelings, reflect the characteristics of the times, and demonstrate the idea that all people are soldiers. He is worthy of being a master of poetry.He uses imaginative pens to describe and rational thinking to discuss, so that image thinking and rational thinking are organically combined and complement each other.Starting from the vivid image of the female militia, it expresses emotion and elevates the beauty of the image of the female militia to spiritual beauty, entering a new realm.Based on the scenery and emotion, it vividly describes the female militiamen who don't like red clothes and prefer to be armed, and it becomes a rare masterpiece of praising women.