Chapter 32 Seven Laws The People's Liberation Army Occupies Nanjing

The wind and rain turned pale and yellow in Zhongshan, and millions of soldiers crossed the river. , turned upside down and generous. , Don't sell your name to learn the overlord. ,The road we have taken. This poem was first published in the December 1963 edition of "Chairman Mao's Poems" by People's Literature Publishing House. On April 21, 1949, Chairman Mao Zedong and Commander-in-Chief Zhu De issued the "Order to March to the Nation", ordering the entire army to resolutely, thoroughly, cleanly and completely annihilate all Kuomintang reactionaries who dared to resist in China and liberate the whole of China.The million-strong Chinese People's Liberation Army then forcibly crossed the Yangtze River on a front of more than 1,000 miles from Jiangyin, Jiangsu Province in the east to Hukou in Jiangxi Province in the west, and occupied Nanjing, the "capital" of the Kuomintang reactionary government, on April 23.Comrade Mao Zedong received the news of the capture of Nanjing at the Shuangqing Villa in Xiangshan, Beiping. He was so excited that he wrote this poem.The Central Military Commission sent this poem to the front line by telegram, which greatly encouraged the commanders and fighters of the entire army.

"Zhongshan is pale yellow from the wind and rain, and a million soldiers cross the river." Zhongshan is Zijin Mountain, east of Nanjing City.Pale yellow is the same as hasty, like haste and urgency.Nanjing was suddenly hit by a revolutionary storm, as a million-strong army of the People's Liberation Army crossed the Yangtze River and occupied Nanjing.It turned out that Acting President Li Zongren of the Nanjing government sent Shao Lizi and Zhang Zhizhong to Beiping to participate in the Kuomintang-Communist peace talks. After half a month of discussions, on April 15, the CCP delegation proposed the "Domestic Peace Agreement." On April 20, the Nanjing government refused to accept it.At that time, Chiang Kai-shek painstakingly managed the Yangtze River defense line for three and a half months, and the People's Liberation Army broke through the Yangtze River defense line and occupied Nanjing in only three days, which seemed very sudden, so it was called Canghuang.Also, pale yellow, also has the meaning of changing from cyan to yellow.Therefore, "turning pale and yellow" also means that the situation has changed and the dynasty has changed.Therefore, this sentence is a modicum, describing that the People’s Liberation Army will soon occupy Nanjing; it is a metaphor, using Zhongshan to replace Nanjing; it is a metaphor, using wind and rain to compare war and attack; Variety.This sentence uses four rhetorical techniques, and it has a majestic momentum.

"The tiger crouching on the dragon plate is better than the past, and the world is turned upside down and generous." "The tiger crouching on the dragon plate" said that Nanjing's situation is excellent.During the Three Kingdoms period, Zhuge Liang saw the topography of Jiankang, the capital city of the State of Wu (in the south of today’s Nanjing), and once said: "Zhongshan is a dragon, a stone is a tiger, and the emperor’s house." ") Stone City, behind the West Stone Mountain in today's Nanjing City. "The present is better than the past", after the People's Liberation Army occupied Nanjing, the situation got better.It turns out that Nanjing is the capital of the Kuomintang reactionary government, where the reactionary government issues orders and endangers the people.Now occupied by the People's Liberation Army, it has become a metropolis serving the people, which is naturally better than before.The occupation of Nanjing by the People's Liberation Army and the overthrow of the reactionary Kuomintang government was an earth-shaking event."Turn upside down" is used here because it is opposite to "tiger occupying the dragon". "Generous and generous", emotional and passionate, refers to the People's Liberation Army finally overthrowing the Kuomintang reactionary government, which is the feeling of them and the people of the whole country.It is based on Cao Cao's "Duan Ge Xing": "Genesis should be generous." This sentence originally said "Dragon Pan" and then "Tiger Crouching". The words are reversed, which is an inverted grid, which meets the needs of rhythm and rhythm. "Generous and generous" is a citing case.

"It is advisable to use remaining courage to chase the poor, and not to be known as the overlord." Remaining courage, the remaining courage, is also called Yu Yong. "Zuo Zhuan: The Second Year of Chenggong": "Jia Yuyong who wants to be brave." It means that I still have courage left, and those who want it can buy it from me.This means that the remaining courage should be used to pursue the poor. "Poor bandits", desperate enemies. "Sun Tzu Military Struggle": "Do not chase after the poor." That refers to the equal strength of the enemy and ourselves.After the three major battles, the enemy has already been defeated, so it is necessary to chase down the poor and wipe out the enemy thoroughly, cleanly and completely.To sell a name means to gain fame.Overlord refers to Xiang Yu.Both Xiang Yu and Liu Bang rebelled against Qin.Liu Bang first rejected Xiang Yu according to Xianyang, the capital of Qin; Xiang Yu wiped out the main force of the Qin army, and marched into Xianyang with 400,000 troops.At that time, in order to avoid the name of "unrighteousness", he did not use his superior force to eliminate Liu Bang, but was later eliminated by Liu Bang.This is to say that we should learn a lesson from Xiang Yu's failure, and not give the enemy a chance to make a comeback in the name of "peace".

"If the sky has love, the sky will be old, and the right way in the world is vicissitudes." Li He of the Tang Dynasty "Gold and Copper Immortals Saying Han Song": "Empty will leave the Han Moon out of the palace gate, Yijun's tears are like lead water. Shenglan sees off guests on Xianyang Road If the sky has love, the sky will also grow old." Wei Mingdi sent people to Chang'an to remove the bronze dew plate made by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty and transport it to Luoyang.According to legend, when the copper transporter left the palace, only the Han moon was shining.The moon is still in the Han Dynasty, and everything else belongs to Wei.The bronze man lamented the death of the Han Dynasty and shed tears in grief.If the sky had feelings, seeing the bronze man shed tears, the sky would grow old with sorrow.To borrow this sentence here, if God is kind, he will grow old due to pain when he sees the reactionary rule of the Kuomintang and cruelty to the people.The people who have been victimized by the reactionaries naturally want to completely overthrow the reactionary rule. This is the correct path in the world. "Vicissitudes", the vicissitudes of life have turned into mulberry fields.Ge Hong's "Biography of Immortals": "Magu called Wang Fangping and said: 'Since the reception, I have seen that the East China Sea is three mulberry fields.'" Talking about the changes in nature.Here is a metaphor for the changes caused by the revolution.To overthrow the reactionary government of the Kuomintang and establish a government of the Communist Party of China to serve the people is the right way in the world, just like the change of the sea.The "leftover" here comes from "Yuyong", and "Yu" is changed to "leftover", probably in order to change the flat tone to the oblique tone, which meets the needs of regulated poetry.This is the citation case for changing the word. "Chasing the poor" comes from "don't chase the poor". This is a citation pattern used against its meaning, which shows that the author's citations have many changes. The sentence "can't" quotes the story of Bawang, which is also a citation case used against its meaning. The sentence "Tianruo" is a quotation, and "vicissitudes" is also a quotation, but it refers to the changes caused by the revolution.

What is worth noting in this poem is that there are comments in the poem. The two sentences "Yijiang" are comments.What are the characteristics of discussing in short verses?The fifth part of Du Fu's "Yong Huai Ancient Site", when it comes to Zhuge Liang, there are two couplets in the middle: "The three divisions are based on the plan, and the eternal sky is a feather. See Yilu between brothers, if the conductor is determined, Xiao Cao will be lost." Shen Deqian "Tang Poetry Farewell" "Cai" commented: "This discussion is the highest. Later generations say that poetry does not need to be discussed, and it is not a common language." Point out that these four sentences are for discussion.This is to say: Zhuge Liang's strategy of unifying the world through three divisions is not feasible, but he is like the only phoenix in the eternal sky, which is a comment on his high talent.He is in the same position as Yi Yin and Lu Wang; if the command is determined, Xiao He and Cao Shen are not as good as him.These few sentences are all arguments, but they are not abstract arguments. One is to combine the decision of Longzhong, the second is to combine the Luanfeng in the cloud, the third is to combine Yi Yin and Lu Wang, and the fourth is to combine Xiao He and Cao Shen.It is more specific to make an argument in this way, combined with people or things.This poem combines "remaining bravery" and "don't chase the poor". At that time, there was an argument that "the poor should not be chased", and this was based on specific people to make an argument. In the sentence "You can't be famous", the argument is based on the lessons of Xiang Yu's failure and the false name of someone advocating "peace", and it is also based on specific personnel, not abstract arguments, so it is an argument in the poem.