Chapter 60 Reading Thirteen Poems of Shan Hai Jing (Part 10)

Jingwei holds a tiny piece of wood, and will fill the sea with it. Xing Tianwu is a relative, and his fierce will is always there. There is no worry about the same thing, and there will be no regrets when it is gone. It is only set in the heart of the past, and a good day can be waited for. Tao Yuanming loved freedom all his life, and the spirit of rebellion is an important theme in Tao's poems. This poem praises the mythological images of Jingwei and Xingtian, which is the embodiment of this spirit. "Jingwei's title is tiny wood, and it will fill the sea." The first two sentences summarize the myths and stories of Jingwei, which are extremely concise and vivid. "Shan Hai Jing Bei Shan Jing" says: "The mountain of hair doves... there is a bird, its shape is like a crow, with a head, a white beak, and bare feet. Nvwa. Nvwa swam in the East Sea, drowned and never returned, so she became Jingwei. She often carried wood and stones from the Western Mountains in her mouth to fill the East Sea.” Jingwei took revenge for drowning, so he carried a small piece of wood in his mouth and wanted to fill up the East Sea.The shape of Jingwei is just a small bird, but the ambition of Jingwei is great. The characters "title" and "wei" in "Jingwei Title Weimu" can be carefully understood. The word "title" belongs to the original text, and the word "wei" comes from the imagination of various poets.The tiny wood held in Jingwei's mouth is in sharp contrast to the vast East China Sea.The more it highlights the difficulty and difficulty of Jingwei's revenge, the more it highlights his determination, which overwhelms the sea.From the depth of the following words, it can be seen how deeply the poet was moved. "Xingtian dances relatives, and his fierce will is always there." These two sentences summarize the myth of Xingtian, and they are also extremely concise and vivid. "Shan Hai Jing Hai Hai Xi Jing" says: "Xing Tian and the emperor came here to fight for the gods, and the emperor cut off his head and buried it in the mountain of Changyang. With the breasts as the eyes and the navel as the mouth, the dry Qi dances." Gan, Shield also; Qi, ax also.In order to avenge his decapitation, Xing Tian wielded his ax and shield, vowing to fight the Emperor of Heaven to the end, especially for the precious one, whose bravery and fierce ambition always existed and could not be extinguished. The word "dance" in "Xing Tian Wu Gan Qi" and the word "Meng" in "Meng Zhi Gu is always there" are all vivid pens.The word "sharp" in Tao Yuanming's "Ode to Jingke" is an excellent interpretation of the word "meng".After understanding the above four sentences, "Meng Zhi is always there", in fact, it is a high-level summary of the spirit of Jingwei and Xingtian. Tao Yuanming loves to use the word "Meng Zhi" and it can best express one side of Tao Yuanming's personality. The fifth part of "Miscellaneous Poems", "Fierce aspirations spread across the world", is a self-reported young and strong ambition.This poem was written in his later years, "Mengzhi is always there", it can be said that he borrowed Jingwei and Xingtian to embrace him in his later years.The following two sentences are the meaning of Shenfa's sentence. "Tongwu has no worries, and there will be no regrets when you get rid of it." "Tongwu" means that they are both living things, referring to the original forms of Jingwei and Xingtian. "Huaqu" refers to materialization, referring to Jingwei and Xingtian who died and turned into foreign objects. "Neither worry" is actually the opposite of "no regrets".In these two sentences, the first sentence says that when he was alive, the next sentence says that after his death, Jingwei and Xingtian had nothing to fear when they were alive, and they have nothing to regret after death.These two sentences are the full play of "Meng Zhi is always there".Tao Yuanming's poetry is so dense. "It is only in the heart of the past, and a good time can be waited for." In the end of the two sentences, I lamented that Jingwei and Xingtian had the ambitions of the past, but the opportunity for revenge could not be waited for.The turmoil of poetic emotion has changed from lofty sentiments to deep sorrow, which makes people think deeply.Although the persistence of fierce ambition is always admirable, it is also regrettable that the opportunity is not met.This is actually a profound tragic spirit.

In Tao Yuanming's poem, he praises Jingwei and Xingtian, and exalts the spirit of death without regrets and fierce ambition, which is not without sustenance. The thirteen poems in "Du Shan Hai Jing" are a group of joint poems. The first poem is about the joy of farming and reading in seclusion, the second to twelfth poems are about the miraculous things recorded in "Mu Tianzi Biography", and the last one is about Duke Huan of Qi The history of not listening to Guan Zhong's last words, appointing courtiers, and harming himself.Therefore, this group of poems should be written after Liu Yu usurped the Jin Dynasty.Therefore, the "violent ambition" of "Chang Zai" in the poem can of course include Tao Yuanming's embrace of helping the world when he was young, but first of all, it should include the bitter anger at Liu Yu's usurping the Jin Dynasty and the sad wish for revenge.Tao Yuanming's "Ode to Jingke" and other poems about revenge can be read and played together with this poem.

Even in the mythical world, Jingwei and Xingtian's desire for revenge seems to have failed to come true.However, the spirit of resistance in it is not worthless. This spirit is actually the embodiment of the brave and tenacious character of the Chinese ancestors.Tao Yuanming exalts this spirit of rebellion in his poems, "The fierce will is always there", commending the indelibility of this spirit;Sad and strong, this makes Tao Yuanming's poems have a profound tragic beauty.