Chapter 45 make it happen

The old valleys are gone, and the new ones have not been climbed, so they are quite old farmers, but they are in the midst of disasters, the sun and the moon are still long, and there is no end to trouble.The achievement of reaching the new year is neither hopeful, but it is funded day and night, and the fireworks are cut.Ten days have come, and I began to think about hunger and exhaustion, and the cloud of the year is over, and I will cherish it forever. Weak years are poor at home, and old people are hungry even longer.Who dares to envy Gan Fei, who is envied by Shu Maishi.Ruan Ruya nine meals, when the heat is tired of cold clothes.The years are coming to an end, how hard and sad.The heart of those who are always good at porridge, deeply read the cover of their robes.Why are you so stingy, you have no time to leave yourself.If you are indiscriminate, you will have aspirations, but if you are poor, you will return home.Negative is also dead, and there are many teachers in the past.

Tao Yuanming's poems are poems of wise men.He observes daily life with a wise and introspective attitude, and tirelessly seeks ways to maintain spiritual freedom under extremely limited living conditions.Insight into the essence of life is not to be overwhelmed and devoured by the humble and mediocre reality, but to surpass and overcome it with the spirit of independence from the world, and to deal with difficulties calmly, so as to realize the value and meaning of life.This is the main charm of Tao's poems, and it is also what we must know when reading his poems. The title of this poem is "Writing when there is a meeting".The whole poem expresses his heart directly, writing his feelings and thoughts, and puts the specific reasons in the preface as a background account.The origin is that at the end of the year, the new grains have not been harvested, and it coincides with the disaster year, and the food shortage has reached the point where it is difficult to satisfy the hunger.This difficult and difficult situation seems to have no poetic meaning at all, but the poet arouses his attachment to life from it.The first two lines of the poem sum up my poor life. "Weak years" refer to youth, "family poverty" means not very well-off, and "longer hunger" means that they are getting worse and worse, and even the basic living conditions are difficult to maintain. up.The following four sentences concretize this situation with my own life experience and experience: "Sun Mai" two sentences say that as long as there is coarse food to satisfy one's hunger, one's heart is satisfied, and wanting to eat sorghum meat is simply out of place. The two sentences "惄如" are extremely descriptive of hunger and cold. "惄如" means hunger; "It refers to the lack of clothes and wear, so winter is not enough to keep out the cold and summer is considered cumbersome.These few sentences are written with compassion, and those who have not experienced it can't tell. The two sentences of "Years" come back one after another, expressing the bitterness and helplessness of the sadness.The "twilight of the years" mentioned here refers to both the end of the year and the coming of old age.Life is short, but living this life under such harsh conditions, how can we not teach people how to be sad!The above eight sentences summarize the suffering life of extreme material scarcity. Among them, the two sentences "who dares to admire sweetness and fat" and "how hard and sad" are even more emotional, so I think it is Zhang Ben below.

The poet "does not worry about poverty and humbleness". Facing the suffering of life, he cherishes life even more.The poet grasps the existence of life from two aspects of body and mind.The four sentences from "the heart of a person who is always good at porridge" to "I have no time to leave it to myself" are first discussed from the aspect of "body".By commenting on a story, the poet promotes the philosophical spirit of "precious life".This story can be found in "Book of Rites·Tan ​​Gong". !” The hungry died because they did not eat the food that came.From the standpoint of rebirth, the poet affirmed the intentions of the gruel giver, but criticized the behavior of the masked one.The origin of this kind of precious life thought mainly comes from Zhuangzi.Zhuangzi advocates "preserving one's life and whole life" and opposes "abandoning one's life in order to sacrifice one's life". "Zhuangzi Pianmu" said: "Since the three generations below, there is no one in the world that does not change its nature with things. The villain sacrifices his life for profit, Scholars sacrifice their lives for their names, doctors sacrifice their lives for their families, and saints sacrifice their bodies for the world... It hurts one’s nature, and one sacrifices one’s body.” Human life and nature should neither be ruled by foreign objects such as fame or fortune. If you want to be enslaved, then it is not advisable to easily give up your life and die for the honor and disgrace of a mere matter.When the hostile environment of the outside world reduces people to an extremely humble and pitiful situation, this kind of life-giving thought that emphasizes the existence of individual life has never been a spiritual pillar and self-defense weapon for the weak.In order to contend with the suffering, the poet draws the courage of survival from it, so it is not without positive significance. The following four sentences of "Si Lan Qi You Zhi" are from the aspect of "heart".Poets not only pay attention to the survival of life, but also pay more attention to the conscious grasp of the meaning of life. The two sentences "Si Lun" and "Gu Poor" come from "The Analects of Confucius·Wei Ling Gong": "A gentleman is solidly poor, but a villain is poor." The value of the book is completely two: the gentleman is noble, lives in peace and contentment, and thus obtains spiritual freedom in the midst of adversity;The poet chose the former and denied the latter, and encouraged himself by taking the former sages as an example of learning from others.The last two sentences "It's too late to die, and there are many teachers in the past" show the protagonist's strong determination to face adversity with the will to persevere in poverty.The poet comprehends the true meaning of life from the two aspects of "valuing life" and "keeping one's will", that is, the body and mind. This is the gist of the poem "You will".Tao Yuanming combined Zhuangzi's philosophical thinking on life with Confucianism's self-improvement spirit, thus expressing the stimulation of human vitality and the inner strength that is immortal and overwhelms adversity.The darker and dreary the tone of reality is, the more active and elevated the spirit of the subject is.This is actually the reason why Tao Yuanming and his poems have inspired countless descendants.