Home Categories philosophy of religion Right and wrong (world classic paradox)

Chapter 5 Adventure Chapter-1

Adventure As soon as the plane landed on the beautiful Kebit Island, Nana and Weiwei rushed off the plane.The wind by the sea is refreshing, and fish can often be seen in the distance The son jumped out of the sea and flew in the air. Crete trip 1. "What is fruit?" A white horse is not a horse. ——Gongsun Longzi One year when our company is on vacation, I just want to go out for a few days and have a rest. It happens that my two nieces are also on summer vacation, so I take them to Crete travel.Unexpectedly, I have fallen into a problem since then, that is, I always like to add a sentence "I didn't lie, it's true" when I speak. What I say now is true

. As soon as the plane landed on the beautiful Kebit Island, Nana and Weiwei rushed off the plane.The wind by the sea is refreshing, and fish can often be seen in the distance The son jumped out of the sea and flew in the air. The tour group stayed in the "skyscraper hotel". There are no high-rise buildings on this island, and it is a natural landscape like a paradise. "Sky Hotel" is a small piece The wooden attic, the exotic flowers and plants in the yard, are fragrant and pleasant.The island is not big, and there are not many residents on the island, but it has its own unique style.

After lunch, Nana and Weiwei disappeared in a blink of an eye.I wandered around the island by myself, and the island was scattered with small stalls set up by local residents. It's weird stuff.While watching, I walked to a small fruit stall and picked up something that looked like an apple that I had never seen before, "What is this?" fruit? " "This is Sanamen, not fruit." "Is it a vegetable?" "How could it be a vegetable?" I really don't know what this "Sanamon" should be, "Then what is it?" "Shanamon is Shanamen, what else can it be?"

I pointed to the coconuts beside me and said, "Aren't they all fruits?" "Fruit? What is fruit?" "These are the fruits." "It's not fruit, you should buy some and try it." Anyway, I haven't eaten it, so I tasted it, "Ah... what kind of taste is this?" The stall owner took a bite himself, "Ah, it's sour and sweet!" Currency, the value is about equal to a dime of RMB) If you can buy five, buy as many as you can.On the way back I met a Cretan drinking "tea" under a tree, just I used to chat with him; after a while he invited me to drink "tea", but there was a strange smell, "what kind of tea is this, it smells strange?" "Oh... don't know what it is

'Tea', people on the island drink this to cool off the heat. "Later, I invited him to eat a "Sanamen" and asked him what it tasted like. He said, "It's sour and sweet, I love it very much." eat! "Even lying is the same! I went back to the loft of the "Sky Hotel" where both children were asleep.I lay quietly, still thinking about what the stall owner said, "What is the fruit?" something? ——With so many fruits, he actually asked me what is a fruit, no, what is a fruit?fruit……? "It reminds me of For prosperity, it is a story of the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Period in China known as "a hundred schools of thought contend".

At that time, among the "hundred schools of thought", there was a school called "Mingjia", and most people in this school liked to debate.Gongsun Long was one of them, and later became a He is the guest of Lord Pingyuan of Zhao State.He is good at "taking examples from fake things", and has a famous "white horse is not a horse theory", that is to say, a white horse is not a horse.He said white is used The word refers to the color, while the horse describes the shape; the color is not the shape, and the shape is not the color.So when talking about color it has nothing to do with shape, but when talking about shape it has nothing to do with

It doesn't matter the color, it doesn't work if you put them together now.For example, if you want to find a white horse in the stables but there is no one, but there are only black horses, you cannot say that there is one. white horse.Since it cannot be said that there is a white horse, then there is no desired horse, so a white horse is not a horse.If so, then "Sanamon" is "Sanamon" , not fruits or vegetables.This is like asking "what is a horse?" Modern science can give many definitions from different angles, such as biology, animal Physics, geology, etc.However, this kind of appellation is not innate, but agreed by human beings. In different human languages, "horse" also has different meanings.

In English, in addition to "horse" as a general term for "horse", it has also been subdivided into many categories, each with different words corresponding to it; while in Chinese We usually add modifiers in front of it, such as "Mongolian horse", "Dawan BMW" and "Sweaty BMW" in martial arts books.visible The distinction between categories is the key here. In fact, the "white horse is not a horse theory" is a loose paradox, because it does not produce contradictions, although it is different from people's common sense.to the category concept

Knowing is the key.The purpose of Gongsun Long is to distinguish the problem of matching the name with the reality, but now it seems that this is another problem, that is, the problem of the relationship between species and genus. question. "Horse" is an abstract concept, a concept of class summed up by human beings from practice, that is, to unify multiple objects into one according to the same nature. A category, which includes the properties that these objects have in common, rather than all the properties that they have individually.As long as it is a horse, of course it has color

, but color is not the essential attribute that distinguishes "horse" from other objects. From another perspective, color can also be used as a class, such as "white "Includes all objects with the attribute of "white". Of course, a white horse or white paper belongs to the category of "white". Gongsun Long actually refers to the "horse" as a This category was canceled, because according to his theory, as long as a horse has a color, it is not a horse, so "horse" does not exist. "Fruit" is actually a category Thought, there is no one thing called "fruit", but a general term for many objects.

It seems that "lie" is not eternal, because the so-called lies may be due to the different cognitive environments of each other. Who will cut my hair Who will cut my hair "I only shave people who don't shave themselves." A barber's rules. ——The Barber Paradox We ate "sour and sweet" fruit for breakfast the next day, and bought many strange things on the island, one of which was exquisitely made A small Cretan toy that can also talk. In the afternoon we took a boat to a neighboring larger island.When we were on the boat, Nana and Weiwei were very happy, and I quietly looked at the calm sea , the sea breeze blowing - extremely comfortable! I learned from the residents on the island that the village on the island is called Savile.The hairstyle of every resident here is very flat, not like being on a remote island son. When I passed by a resident’s house, I saw some stone carvings that seemed to come from China, so I went up to greet the owner, but the two children said nothing to the newcomers on the island. They are more interested in fresh things, so I let them play by themselves for two hours and then come back to me.The owner's name is very strange, called "Popeye", oh no Yes, it is "Dali" (according to the pronunciation), maybe the person who calls this pronunciation is either very powerful or loves art.He likes stone carvings - that's a lot of money Powerful art.His grandfather's grandfather had been to China, so he was from the Qing Dynasty. He moved all the way back to several capitals and used it to put There are also several incomplete inscriptions on the gate pier and the stone tablet engraved with the names of Jinshi from all over the country in a certain year.He asked me something about China, but it sounded like It didn't match what he imagined, so he wasn't very interested.It is still more radiant when talking about those stones with historical traces.Nana and Vivier When we came back, the hostess invited us to eat something unknown, but the taste was different from what we felt.In fact, there are different feelings about the same thing. Nothing strange, but what is strange is that our perception of taste is mostly similar. One of the bonus points of this trip is that it is difficult to tell what is "sour, sweet and sour" , bitter, spicy", because there is indeed no standard to tell us. We bid farewell to the master and we hurried back to the boat.On the way back, Nana and the others told me another strange thing: the hair of the residents in the village is all A barber cut it, but the barber's own hair was a mess and no one cut it.I also think it's a little fun, "If it doesn't work, just take care of it yourself." chant. " Weiwei rushed to say: "This barber made a rule that he only shaves those who don't shave himself, but when his hair grows long, He didn't know whether to reason with himself.Uncle, why do you say? " "Well, he only shaves people who don't shave themselves..." I thought as I repeated the rule, "that is: if he shaves himself , he is the one who shaves himself, so according to the rules he does not shave this kind of person, so he cannot shave himself; but if he does not shave himself In other words, according to the rules, he has to talk to this person... After all, he still doesn't know whether he should talk to himself or not. "What is the reason for this? The two of them handed over the problem to me, and went to chat about the new things they encountered.How come these islands are full of strange problems! At this time, there was a sudden "crash", and I quickly lowered my head to look, but saw a colorful fish jumping out of the water, it was very beautiful.It stands to reason How can brightly colored fish jump out of the water when they are mostly in the deep sea?Forget it, this is an elusive place.still enjoy this time Let's travel! i'm lying i'm lying "I'm lying." - The Liar Paradox On the third day, the local residents had a party with many tourists and participated in a local sports event during the day. In fact, it was more like primitive hunting, east, west, north, south. The tourists are always happy and happy; at night, it is a sacrificial activity for local residents, which is not something that every tourist can encounter. After the event, we returned to our lodgings, where I sat by the window, poured a cup of local 'tea' and lit a cigarette - it was very comfortable.after a while I just listened to Nana and Weiwei arguing about whether to tell a lie or not. "What did you find again? Hurry up and go to sleep, you won't be energetic on the road tomorrow." "Come here, uncle, this villain can talk." "Didn't you already know?" "He said he was lying, you said he didn't lie?" "He's already said he's lying, so what else is he asking?" I walked over while talking, picked up the delicate little toy, turned on the switch, and heard the villain say: "I'm Lie, I'm lying..." I thought for a while, "I'm lying, if I'm lying, this sentence is a lie, 'I'm lying' is a lie, then I'm not lying words; if I'm telling the truth, 'I'm lying' is the truth, then I'm lying..." strangeness! "What do you think? Forget it, let's go to bed early." Since then, I have often pondered this sentence, but there is always a feeling that I can say it but can't say it clearly. While you still can't tell what a "lie" is, let's say it quickly... society without principles If you are insane, then you can receive state benefits; But to apply for state benefits, you have to have a clear head. - the rules of the island nation On the boat back, I received a notice from the company headquarters asking me to attend an international seminar and prepare a speech for about half an hour. God, how much nonsense I have to say! No way, I planned to take my two nieces to Jiuzhaigou.Now I have to buy them a ticket to go home first, and we can talk about it later.
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