Chapter 28 Chapter 02 "Guilty", "Conscience Condemnation" and Others (11)

Here I cannot fail to object to the recent tendency to attempt to explore the origin of justice on another basis—namely, on that of hatred.Because someone decided that psychologists would be interested in studying hatred itself nearby, it was whispered in their ears that this plant (of hate) is currently growing in the soil of anarchism and anti-Semitism. Lush, of course, as in the past, it always blooms in the shade, like violets, only the smell is different.Birds of a feather flock together, and it is not surprising that it is precisely in these circles that persistent efforts to glorify revenge in the name of justice, as if justice were originally nothing more than a continuation of the victim's feelings, and because of revenge, rebellion emotions are fully and thoroughly respected afterwards.I have the least objection to the above argument.I even think that all questions related to physiology are meritorious.The relationship between physiological problems and that reactionary value has hitherto been neglected.What I want to emphasize is that this new type of scientific justice that grows out of the spirit of resentment serves hatred, jealousy, suspicion, suspicion, grudges, and revenge. Once it encounters other emotions, this "scientific justice" " will be invalid immediately, and replaced by a tone of hatred and hatred.In my opinion, those emotions that arise from other physiological values, I mean the emotions that are originally active, such as the desire to dominate, possessive, etc. (see E. Duhring's "Value of Life", "Philosophy Course" etc.), it is much better than the emotion of rebellion first and scientific evaluation and overestimation of value later.So much for the general trend.Speaking of Dühring's original statement about finding the homeland of justice in the soil of reactionary sentiments, we should counteract this statement of love of truth with another blunt irony: the soil finally conquered by the spirit of justice is reactionary sentiments soil.If the just man is really just to those who have wronged him (and not only coldly, measuredly, distantly, indifferently: justice is always a positive attitude), if in the face of physical injury, ridicule If the eyes of justice are not dimmed, and the objectivity of nobility, understanding, profoundness and gentleness is not diminished, then a person has reached a state of perfection or extreme proficiency. —that even wise men never dream of it, and we should never believe it.It is, of course, the general case that even the most decent people have become so used to a little insult, cruelty, and flattery that they can see blood with open eyes and justice with closed eyes.Active, offensive, and aggressive people are always a hundred steps closer to justice than reactionary people; active people do not need to evaluate things wrongly and biasedly like reactionaries; therefore, in fact, offensive people always have more Stronger, braver, nobler, and at the same time freer vision, with a better conscience.On the contrary, we should have already guessed, who invented "conscience condemnation" in conscience? —It is the haters!Just look, at what point in history did the application of the law and the real need for the law become prevailing?Is it at the stage of reactionary rule?Not at all!It is the stage where the active, the strong, the spontaneous, the aggressive reign!If I am not afraid to offend the proponent (who himself once confessed that "the doctrine of revenge runs like a red thread of justice through all my work and endeavors."), then I would say that, historically, all laws in the world Both advocate struggle and oppose opposing sentiments; advocate war on the part of the active offensive forces and support their resort to force in order to check and restrain the unbridled passions of the reactionaries and force a settlement.Where justice is done and maintained, there is a powerful force opposed to a subordinate, weak force (which may be a crowd or an individual).Powerful forces seek ways to appease the wrath of the resentful: sometimes they dig out the object of resentment from the vengeful; sometimes forcing a settlement; sometimes offering some sort of standardized compensation for damages, thereby targeting the grudge once and for all.But the most crucial move of the supreme power against the predominance of hostility and resentment is this: so long as it has enough power, it will establish laws and forcefully explain what is lawful and right in its eyes and what is illegal. should be prohibited.Having established the statute, it is to treat the deviant and wanton actions of individuals or of whole groups as violations, as acts of resistance against the supreme power itself.In this way, it can use the reported loss caused by this violation to divert the emotions of its subordinates, so that it can finally achieve the exact opposite goal that any revenge psychology wants to achieve: revenge only pays attention to, only recognizes the victim's point of view. , while the supreme power trains the eyes of men to become less and less impersonal in evaluating actions, even the eyes of the victims themselves, though, as we have said, this comes at the end. accomplish.From this point of view, the concepts of "right" and "wrong" arise after the establishment of regulations, rather than, as Dühring wants, from the act of harm.As far as the concepts of right and wrong are concerned alone, they mean nothing.As far as a certain act of injury, violence, exploitation, and destruction is concerned in itself, they are not "wrong" in themselves, because the essence of life is at work, that is, in the basic functions of life, those that are harmful, Something sexual, exploitative, destructive is at work.It is impossible to imagine life without this quality.There is one more point which should be called to our attention more: from the highest physiological standpoint, the rule of law should be applied only in exceptional cases, because the rule of law sometimes limits the will to life from the source of power, and subordinates the general purpose of the will to life to individual means. , subservient to the means implemented for the creation of larger units of power.To conceive of a legal norm as absolute and universal, not as a weapon of battle for associations of powers, but as a weapon against all It is a principle hostile to life, the corruption and disintegration of man, the murder of the future of mankind; a symbol of exhaustion, a secret path leading to nothingness.