Chapter 22 Chapter 02 "Guilty", "Conscience Condemnation" and Others (5)

The above-mentioned facts make people naturally have doubts and resistance to the ancient human beings created and recognized by these contractual relationships when people mention these contractual relationships; it is here that a promise is needed, and it is precisely here that the promiser needs to remember the promise , it is here that people become suspicious, and it is here that cruelty, cruelty, and pain are found.In order to make people believe his promise about repaying the debt, to show the sincerity of his promise, and to keep in mind that repaying the debt is his own obligation, the debtor authorizes the creditor to enjoy what he still "owns" and can still control when the debtor pays off the debt. other things.Just like his body, or his wife, or his freedom, or even his life; in some environments with strong religious consciousness, the debtor even wants to transfer his future happiness, the chance of his soul’s salvation, and even his Peace in the grave, for example, in Egypt, where the creditor does not allow the debtor's body to have peace in the grave, and it is precisely this peace that the Egyptians value.Specifically, the creditor can abuse and flog the debtor's corpse at will, for example, he can cut off the flesh from the corpse equal to the amount of the debt, etc.: In the early days, where there was such a concept, there was a precise, statutory, A meticulous and terrible valuation of every limb, every part of the body.So when the Twelve Statutes of Rome claim that it doesn’t matter how much the creditor cuts in this case: “It’s tantamount to fraud” (Siplus minusve secuerent, ne fraud esto) It is progress, and it is already a proof of a freer, more generous, and more Roman-style legal concept.Let's get to the logic of the whole compensation scheme above, which is grotesque enough.Equivalent compensation has been achieved, but instead of directly using actual interest (not using the same amount of money, land, or other property) to compensate the creditor for its losses, it is instead a return or corresponding compensation that the creditor gets some kind of pleasure.This pleasure comes from being able to freely exercise power over those who have no power. This lust is "doing evil for the satisfaction of doing evil", and this satisfaction is contained in rape: the lower the social status of the creditor, the more he is Pursue this kind of satisfaction, and this kind of satisfaction can easily be regarded by him as the most precious snack, a taste that only the upper class can taste.By "punishing" the debtor, the creditor shares in a master's right: he, too, at last experiences for once that superior feeling, at last he is able to despise and trample a man as a "slave"; if the right to punish and the execution of punishment Having passed into the hands of the "superior," he can at least watch the debtor be scorned and ravaged.Compensation therefore includes the right of man to inflict cruelty upon another.