Chapter 14 Section 5: The Judgment of Buddhism by the Two Sages of Taiwan

The teachings taught by Buddha Shakyamuni are called Buddhism. What is the purpose and purpose of the teachings taught by Buddha? The thought of the Buddha is to enlighten the knowledge and view of the Buddha. In the "Lotus Sutra", the Buddha said to the Venerable Shariputra: "Shariputra, you must know, why did the Buddhas and World Honored Ones of the ten directions appear in the world? , so come to the world.” The Buddha continued to say to Shariputra: What is a great cause and condition?The first is to enlighten all sentient beings to appear in the world with the knowledge and view of Buddha.The Buddha's knowledge is true knowledge, and the Buddha can know all kinds of things in the world in detail.The Buddha's view is the real view.No matter what kind of things in the world, the Buddha can understand clearly and plainly.The word "knowledge and seeing" includes the six functions of the Buddha's seeing, hearing, smelling, tasting, feeling, and knowing. , Yao Guteng today.The Buddha has this knowledge, and all sentient beings also have this knowledge. Because all living beings have ignorance, afflictions, delusion and persistence, they are delusional and do not know the original Buddha's knowledge. The Buddha appeared in the world in order to open the Buddha's knowledge to all living beings. Come up to talk about Fadusheng.Like gold, it is buried in a mine. Only the mine master can know it. When the mine is opened, the gold will appear. We sentient beings have the knowledge of Buddha, and only the Buddha can know it. Therefore, the birth of the Buddha is a Let all living beings open the Buddha's knowledge.The second is to indicate that all living beings have the knowledge and vision of the Buddha, so the Buddha came to the world.Knowing and seeing is the faculties among the six organs of eyes, ears, nose, tongue, body, and mind of all living beings. This faculty is the Buddha nature, which is the function of seeing, hearing, and hearing in our daily use.The third is to make all living beings realize the Buddha's knowledge, so the Buddha appears in the world.Lectures on the scriptures make all living beings realize that all living beings and all Buddhas have different names and the same body, and there is a difference between delusion and enlightenment.When sentient beings are deluded, the Buddha's knowledge and view become the sentient beings' view.At the time of enlightenment, the perception of sentient beings is the perception of the Buddha.The fourth is to enable all living beings to realize the knowledge and view of the Buddha. Therefore, when the Buddha appeared in the world, we should be enlightened by the Buddha's enlightenment. We should follow the enlightened path and practice according to the teaching. Reach the fruit of Bodhi.

Shakyamuni Buddha, one of the major causes and conditions of teaching in his life, generally speaking, is to enlighten all living beings with the knowledge and views of Buddha.During the forty-nine years since the Buddha attained enlightenment under the bodhi tree and before his nirvana under the Shuanglin tree, he aroused a great compassion for all beings and all beings, and came to Purdue and enlightenment to all sentient beings.The Buddha first showed the thousand-foot-tall Lushena body, which is the perfect sambhogakaya.Talk about the teaching method of Yuandun, the highest level of the "Avatamsaka Sutra", and turn the supreme fundamental Dharma wheel.Just because the teaching is big and the machine is small, the Dafa of Yuandun cannot be adapted to people with the foundation of the Hinayana.Because the Hinayana sages have eyes that cannot see the Buddha's thousand-foot Lushena body, and ears that cannot understand the Buddha's great teaching of Yuandun.In the case that Yuan Dun's teachings did not conform to the foundation of Theravada, the Buddha practiced expedient methods to teach and benefit living beings.From the root to the end, concealing the big and giving the small, opened the door of expedient methods, and sequentially talked about the three major teachings of the Hinayana, the Middle Vehicle, and the Mahayana.The final purpose of the Buddha is to enable all living beings to take the vehicle of the Three Vehicles and attain the Buddhahood.This is exactly the analogy in the Lotus Sutra of the rabbit, horse, and elephant crossing the river, and the three carts of sheep, deer, and ox leaving the house.

(1) Tiantai Sect’s Judgment on Buddhism The Tiantai Sect's "Fahua Xuanyi" and "Fahua Wenju" and "Maha Zhiguan" by the wise master of Tiantai sect established the teaching view of Tiantai sect, and judged the teachings taught in the forty-nine years of the Buddha as five Eight teachings, what is five o'clock?The first is the time of Huayan, the second is the time of Aghan, the third is the time of Fang et al, the fourth is the time of Prajna, and the fifth is the time of Fahua Nirvana.What is the Eight Teachings?These are the four teachings of Huayi: Sudden Teaching, Gradual Teaching, Secret Teaching, and Unfixed Teaching.The Four Teachings of Huafa: Tibetan Teaching, Tongjiao, Different Teaching, and Perfect Teaching.The Four Teachings of Huayi and the Four Teachings of Huafa are collectively called the Eight Teachings.

Five o'clock: the first Huayan time.Shakyamuni Buddha, after attaining enlightenment under the bodhi tree, used his wonderful observation wisdom and opportunity to teach, about the ten dwellings, ten lines, ten return, ten grounds, equal enlightenment, forty-one dharmakaya masters and previous lives. The Heavenly Dragon Babu with mature good roots, in the extinction field of Yicheng in the snow mountain, appeared the perfect sambhogakaya of thousands of feet Lusana Buddha, and said the "Avatamsaka Sutra" of the great teaching of Yuandun Shutara.A total of seven places and nine sessions were discussed, teaching bodhisattvas to cultivate their minds in the ground of cause, and they must use the cause of ten thousand actions to adorn the Buddha fruit of the highest vehicle. This is the central idea of ​​the "Avatamsaka Sutra".After the Buddha attained enlightenment, he first said the "Avatamsaka Sutra", for example, when the sun first rises, it first shines on the mountains. "Avatamsaka Sutra" Buddha said a total of thirty-seven twenty-one days.The second Ah Han time.The Agama Sutra was spoken by the Buddha to the Hinayana saints.Huayan Dafa is not in line with the Hinayana roots, Arhats, Patyekabuddhas, and two vehicles, although they are here to listen to the Dharma, the teachings are big and small, and they have eyes that do not see the body, and ears that do not hear the teaching of Yuandun.The Buddha had no choice but to hide the big and give the small, and went to the deer park.The Hinayana teachings of the Four Agama Sutras for the five monks mainly include the Hinayana teachings such as suffering, settling, extinction, the Four Noble Truths of the Way, and twelve causal relationships.Like the sun shining on a valley.The Four Agam Sutras are the "Middle Agam", "Miscellaneous Ahan", "Long Ahan", and "Zengyi Ahan", which have been spoken for a total of twelve years.third party etc.All the machines are generally called Fang, and the four religions are discussed together.When the Buddha saw Arhats and Pacceka Buddhas, he could comprehend the Four Noble Truths and the teachings of the Twelve Causes and Conditions.You can also practice according to the teachings, cut off the confusion of seeing and thinking about afflictions, and gain the joy of realizing partial true Nirvana.They are content with small things, and they are unwilling to go up to seek the Buddha way and save sentient beings.Refusing to take a fake from the empty space, involving vulgarity and benefiting students.Sluggish in Huacheng, unwilling to seek further progress.So let's talk about the Mahayana teachings of Fang et al.Layman Vimalakirti, who was good at talking about the one-way method, scolded the Hinayana people.Make Arhats and Patyekabuddhas feel ashamed of the Hinayana, admire the Hinayana, arouse the mind of Bodhi, and lead the Hinayana people to enter the Mahayana way.Prosperous six degrees of ten thousand lines, tending to Buddha fruit Bodhi.Like the sun shining all over the earth, Fang and others taught the teachings for a total of eight years.The fourth prajna time.Prajna is the principle of wisdom. The "Great Prajna Sutra" has six hundred volumes and is divided into eight parts.Explain the truth of the vacuum of reality.Because although Hinayana people arouse bodhicitta and practice the bodhisattva way, there are still many doubts and prejudices and delusional attachments that cannot be eliminated immediately, so the Buddha talked about the wisdom of prajna again and eliminated them. "Vajra Prajna Sutra" is an abbreviated version of "Prajna Sutra", which makes people in the second vehicle break doubts and give birth to faith, and they are absolutely superior to others. "Prajna Heart Sutra" teaches the two vehicles to follow the example of Avalokitesvara Bodhisattva. After studying the profound Prajna Paramita for a long time, they can see the form, experience, thought, and consciousness, and the five aggregates are all empty, and they can overcome all hardships. "Theory of Wisdom" says: Prajna is like a big torch, the four sides cannot touch each other, if you touch it, you will burn, and if you touch it, you will die.It can completely eliminate all doubts, delusions, prejudices and attachments of the two vehicles saints.Go back to the big, make four grand vows, practice the six paramitas, and go straight to the supreme Bodhi, just like the sun in the middle illuminating everything. The "Prajna Sutra" has been said for twenty-two years.The fifth Dharma Flower, the time of Nirvana.The Buddha finally said the "Lotus Sutra" and "Nirvana Sutra".After the teachings in the four periods of Huayan, Ahan, Fang, etc., and Prajna, great effects have been produced. Many arhats, pratyekabuddhas, and great bodhisattvas have continuously improved and matured their faculties.At this time, the Buddha can talk freely about his original intentions at the Lingshan meeting, and he can say the Dharma, so that the people of the second vehicle will return to the real teaching, and understand that the false mind is the true heart.Telling the far version of the Buddha who has already become a Buddha since the long kalpa in the past, showing the subtle and inconceivable profound way, so that all sentient beings of the upper, middle and lower roots can obtain extraordinary benefits.The Buddha gave them a prophecy to become Buddhas, and at the same time, the Buddha explained that the three vehicles he taught in the past were all convenient ways to preach randomly. The "Lotus Sutra" says "there is only one vehicle, there is neither two nor three." After the Buddha finished speaking the "Lotus Sutra", he saw that there were still a few sentient beings who had never been saved, so he then spent another day talking about the "Nirvana Sutra" Clarify the remaining teachings, so that all sentient beings who should be saved can be saved.When the machine salary is exhausted, the latent brilliance should be responded to.After the Buddha finished speaking the "Nirvana Sutra", he entered the Great Nirvana and realized the Pure Land of Eternal Silence and Light. "Fahua" and "Nirvana" talk about a total of seven years, the content and time of the Buddha's life, summed up in four verses: the first "Huayan" three or seven days, "Ahan" twelve "Fang et al" eight , Twenty-two years of "Prajna" talk, "Fahua" and "Nirvana" a total of seven years.

Bajiao: What is Bajiao?The Eight Teachings include the Four Teachings of Huafa and the Four Teachings of Huayi.The first four teachings of Huafa, 1. Tibetan teaching: Tibet is the scriptures, laws, and the four truths of the cause and death of the cause and death expounded by the Tripitaka. The Buddha first said the four Agama scriptures to the people with the blunt roots of the two vehicles. The teaching method positively educates the Arhats of the Two Vehicles and the Pratyekabuddhas, and at the same time also transforms the Bodhisattvas.Ertong Teaching: It is the teaching method taught by the Buddha to the people of the Three Vehicles. It is positively aimed at enlightening Bodhisattvas, and at the same time it is also for the saints of the Two Vehicles.The teachings such as the four truths of non-birth, the twelve causal conditions of non-birth and death, and the six perfections of reason are taught, and in the way of speechlessness, it is said that all dharmas are empty when they are in substance.For the dull root, it is the deepening of Tibetan religion, and for the sharp root, it is the post-transcendence teaching and the perfect teaching.It can be seen that Tongjiao is the teaching method of the saints of the three vehicles who practice together.Three different teachings: It is the teaching method that the Buddha said to the Mahayana Bodhisattva, not for the saints of the second vehicle.It is different from the former Tibetan religion and the general religion, and at the same time it is different from the later Perfect Teaching.The teachings of the middle way include the immeasurable Four Noble Truths and the inconceivable twelve causes and conditions.Four perfect teachings: The Buddha taught the most superior and sharp-rooted people the Four Noble Truths and the inconceivable and inconceivable twelve causal relationships, the truth of the middle way, and the truth of the truth, without hindering the teachings of Dharma.The Tiantai Sect uses the four religions of Zang, Tong, Bie, and Yuan to judge and explain the Mahayana and Hinayana teachings of the Buddha's generation, so they are called the Four Teachings of Huafa.The second four teachings of rituals refer to the rituals of Buddhism to transform all living beings.Yidun teaching: Dun is Dunchao, the Buddha has a great understanding of Dunchao, and all living beings are worthy of Mahayana teachings, so it is called Yuandun Dajiao.The second step-by-step teaching: The Buddha cannot accept the Mahayana teachings at once for the dull-rooted beings, so he gradually, step by step, first introduces the Hinayana teachings, and then gradually improves, guiding them to enter the Mahayana teachings.After the junior high school, the Buddha taught the Four Noble Truths in Luyeyuan. It was the beginning of the Jianjiao, and then he talked about Fang and so on, which was the middle of the Jianjiao.Three Secret Teachings: The Buddha taught the secret teaching method to the secret sentient beings. The Buddha can let the people in the meeting hear the scriptures at the same time. Everyone does not know each other, but they all benefit from it.There are also divine mantras and secret mantras.Although I don't know the meaning, as long as I recite it devoutly, I will get great inspiration and great benefits.Four indeterminate teachings: The Buddha can make the people in the meeting hear the Mahayana teachings, realize the Mahayana way, hear the Hinayana teachings, and realize the Hinayana way, so that each of them knows each other and obtains different benefits.That is to say, "Buddha speaks the Dharma with one sound, and all living beings can understand it according to their kind." What is said above is the judgment and interpretation of the teachings of the Buddha's life by the wise master of Tiantai sect in the south.

(2) Xian Shouzong’s judgment on Buddhism Xianshou Sect was founded by Master Xianshou.He judged the teachings of one generation and time of Buddha as three times and five teachings. Three o'clock: First, when the sun rises and shines first, the Buddha turns the unsurpassed root Dharma wheel in order to perfect the sentient beings with great roots. It is the same as the mountains, such as "Huayan Fanwanghui".Second, when the sun rises and turns, the Buddha, for the lower, middle, upper, and upper three types of sentient beings, turns the Dharma wheel according to the origin, origin, and end, which is called the teaching of convenience.This is like the unevenness of mountains, so when the sun shines, there is a sequence.There are also three rotations according to the time.The first turn: The Buddha turns the Hinayana Dharma wheel for all sentient beings with lower roots.This is like the moment when the sun rises, it can only shine on Montenegro, which is Ahanhui.Transition: The Buddha, for all sentient beings with middle roots, turns the Dharma wheel of the three vehicles, which is called Yinshejiao, so that people of the three vehicles can turn the Hinayana into the Mahayana.This is like the sun rising and shining on a plateau, it is a deep secret meeting of Fang et al.Back turn: The Buddha turns the Mahayana Dharma wheel for the upper-rooted beings, which is called Rong Tongjiao, so that the people of the three vehicles can turn their powers into reality, just like the sun rising to the mid-heaven and illuminating the earth. This is the wisdom of Prajna.Third, when the photo is not returned on the day, the final return to the original Dharma wheel is transferred, which is called the teaching of the meeting.To make people who teach the Five Vehicles to be able to turn their deflections into a circle, just like the sun still shining on a high mountain when it sets, this is the Buddha Dharma Hua Nirvana Association.

Five Teachings: Elementary Teaching, Beginning Teaching, Final Teaching, Sudden Teaching, and Perfect Teaching.1. Lesser Teaching: Also known as The Hinayana Teaching of Foolish Law.The Buddha said to Arhats, Pacceka Buddhas and Hinayana people, but he said that people are empty, not empty.Only the six consciousnesses and the three poisons of greed, anger, and ignorance are mentioned to establish the foundation of the stained and pure dharmas.Using this method to distinguish between right and wrong, distinguish between right and wrong, distinguish between joy and dislike, and analyze cause and effect, it is called a small teaching.2. The beginning of teaching: The Buddha said that all dharmas are empty, referring to the Mahayana empty sect that has concealment and no appearance. difference.There are three kinds of people who are not Buddha-nature, and cannot become Buddhas.It is referred to as "three nothings and two things", hence the name Fenjiao.3. Final teaching: also called real teaching.The Buddha said that all living beings possess the heart of the Tathagata, which turns wisdom into consciousness according to the delusions, and the eighth alaya consciousness that has been realized has no self-nature, so it is said that everything is the same, that is, the true heart of all beings and the Buddha.Therefore, three kinds of people can become Buddhas, namely, Qualitative Shravakas, Pacceka Buddhas, and non-existing Chanti heretics.This kind of statement can exhaust the truth of Mahayana extreme teaching, which is called the final teaching.And because of this, the teaching talks more about dharma nature and less about appearance. Even if it talks about dharma appearance, it must be related to nature, so it is also called practical teaching.4. Sudden teaching: refers to practice.There is no gradual distinction according to the status, and there is no talk about the appearance of the Dharma. It is only the principle of discerning the truth.Therefore, it is said that the five dharmas (name, form, delusion, true wisdom, suchness) and the three self-natures are all empty. (The sixth consciousness is obsessive, the seventh consciousness is dependent on others, and the eighth consciousness is perfect).Eight consciousnesses (eyes, ears, nose, tongue, body, sixth consciousness, seventh mana consciousness, eighth alaya consciousness).Both have no self (people have no self, law has no self).Rebuke the teachings, stay away from delusional thoughts, eliminate the appearance of differences, and eliminate the mind of birth and death.If not a single thought arises, the moment is like a Buddha.This is called Sudden Teaching.5. Perfect teaching: It is the teaching of the true dharma world, the sea of ​​Buddha's dharma, and the unobstructed teachings. Therefore, it is possible to appear in the treasure king's temple in a tiny bit; sit in the dust and turn the big Dharma wheel.Body hair and dust can intervene with each other, endlessly, and between things and things can be integrated without hindrance, so it is said that one is all bits, and all bits are one.If the ten beliefs are satisfied, you will be able to absorb five people, surpass the ten dwellings, ten lines, ten return, and ten grounds, and finally become a Buddha.This is called the Perfect Teaching.The above is the judgment and interpretation of the teachings of Sakyamuni Buddha by Master Xianshou of the northern Xianshou sect for forty-nine years. , as clear as the palm of your hand, and has made immortal contributions to the study of Buddhist teachings.