Chapter 16 "Zhuangzi · Outer Chapter · XVI"

"Zhuangzi · Outer Chapter · XVI" Improving nature in secular studies in order to restore its originality; slipping desires in secular thinking in order to achieve clarity: it is called the ignorant people. Those who ruled the Tao in ancient times cultivated knowledge with tranquility.Being born without knowledge is what is called nourishing peace with knowledge.Knowledge and tranquility support each other, and harmony comes out of its nature.Fude, harmony; Tao, reason.There is no tolerance in virtue, which is benevolence; there is no injustice in the way, and righteousness; righteousness is clear and close to others, and loyalty is also true; innocence is pure and true but opposed to emotion, and joy is also; faith and behavior are inclusive and compliant, and courtesy is also.If rites and music are practiced everywhere, the world will be in chaos.He is righteous and enjoys his own virtue, but he does not take advantage of virtue.If you act rashly, things will lose their nature.The ancient people, in the chaos, became indifferent with the whole life.When the time is right, Yin and Yang are peaceful, ghosts and gods are not disturbed, four seasons are festivals, all things are not harmed, all life is immortal, although people have knowledge, they have nothing to use, this is called the ultimate one.When it's time, don't do anything but be natural.

Catch virtue declined, and Suiren and Fuxi began to rule the world, so it was smooth and not uniform.Virtue declined again, and Shennong and Huangdi began to rule the world, so it was peaceful but not smooth.Virtue declined again, and when Tang and Yu began to rule the world, they prospered and ruled, and they were honest and unsophisticated.The heart and the knowledge of the heart are not enough to determine the world, and then attach it to the text to benefit from it.Wen destroys quality, Bo indulges the heart, and then the people begin to be confused, and there is no way to reverse their temperament and return to the beginning.From this point of view, the world is mourning the Dao, the Dao is dying for the world, and the world and the Dao are mourning each other.How can the people of Tao prosper in the world, and how can the world prosper in Tao!Dao cannot prosper in the world, and the world cannot prosper Dao. Although a saint is not in the mountains and forests, his virtue is hidden.Hidden reason does not hide itself.The so-called hermits in ancient times did not lie on their bodies so that they could not see them, they did not keep their words shut and did not speak out, they did not hide their knowledge but did not speak out, and the fate of the time was absurd.If it is ordered at the time and is popular in the world, there will be no trace; if it is not ordered at the time and it will be poor in the world, it will be deeply rooted and peaceful: this is the way to survive.Those who live in ancient times do not pretend to know by reasoning, do not know how to impoverish the world, do not use knowledge to impoverish virtue, put themselves in danger and oppose their nature, what should they do!Dao is not small, and virtue is not small.Little knowledge hurts morality, little practice hurts morality.Therefore, it is said: It is just to be right.To be happy is to be successful.

The so-called success in ancient times is not what Xuan Mian means, it is just that it is useless to benefit oneself.Today's so-called successful people are also called Xuanmian.Xuanmian is in the body, it is not life, it is also sent when things come and go.Send it, its coming cannot be stopped, and its going cannot be stopped.Therefore, don't make ambitions for grand crowns, don't become vulgar for poor appointments, the enjoyment is the same as this, so there is no worry!It is not happy to send it today.From this point of view, although it is fun, it is not a waste.Therefore, it is said: Those who lose themselves to things and lose their nature to vulgarity are called inverted people.