Chapter 13 The Birth of Tragedy Vol 13 Part IX

tragic birth vol. Part IX 367. How to distinguish works of art Whatever is thought, written, painted, composed, even built or molded, is a personal art, or else a public talent: and even in the latter there is a belief in God that is contained in a manifest individual talent. the elements of.For a pious man can never be alone—a term we atheists have invented. Looking at all aspects of the artist, there is no more profound and accurate identification than this: whether the artist regards his work as personal or public, and whether he "has forgotten the world" (this is personal art) nature)—in short, it all consists in "forgetting," that is, ignoring all the noise.

368. The cynicism of ridicule My objection to Wagner's music is on physiological grounds.And why should I hide this objection under the heading of artistic mode in the first place? The "point" is that as soon as I hear Wagner's music, my whole body can't breathe easily and comfortably, and my feet will immediately rebel angrily, because what they need is beat, dance and walking, and the feet first need the music given. Joy, to walk, stride, jump or dance well. However, whenever his music starts, don't my stomach, heart, blood, and intestines all protest?Didn't I unconsciously become rough under the influence of its music?So I asked myself; what exactly does my body want from music?I think the answer should be: "slack".The physiological functions of all animals are generally adjusted by light, clear, unrestrained and confident melodies; in this way, the heavy and dark days will shine through bright, beautiful and harmonious music.My melancholy eagerly longs to rest in hiding, to find rest in the pinnacle of perfection, and for that I need music.I don't like any drama!I don't like the climax caused by the carnival in those plays, and I don't take the satisfaction of the "audience" seriously.Why should I like the crazy tricks of acting!

When I say this, people will surely see that I am absolutely anti-drama at heart: Wagner, on the other hand, is just the opposite. He is a man of the stage and actors, and he is also the most ardent fan of the theater. And, even other musicians bow down! ... If Vassalop's theory is: "The theater is the goal, and music is the only way to get there." But his actions are completely different from the theory from beginning to end: "The gesture is the goal, and the theater or music is the way to get there." The only way to aim." Valsalva used music as a means of elaborating or intensifying the dramatic action and the sensory involvement of the actors, so that his operas were no more than occasions for theatrical gestures!

Valsalva, like all great actors and musicians, has the natural characteristics of all artists, including an arrogant and assertive personality.I once took pains to express this opinion to a Wagnerian, adding several reasons: "Be more honest with yourself, now we are not in the theater. Even in the theater we are We are only honest when we are among people, we still lie when we are alone, we even deceive ourselves. When we go to the theater, we leave our real selves at home and give up all speech and choice ;Only when we live with God within the four walls of the home, we have the ability and courage to appreciate. Once we go out, it changes drastically. No one has ever brought his sharpest appreciation of art into the theater, not even Artists who work for the theater are no exception. There is a motley crowd here: men and women, formalists, voting animals, democrats, neighbors, and the masses. So the individual artistic conscience is subjugated to the preferences of the "mass". Now, its folly also has a presumptuous and corrupting effect; one is influenced by others and thus becomes a part of them..."

(I almost forgot to mention how the Wagner fan responded to my physiological objection to Wagner's music by saying, "So you're not healthy enough to enjoy our music?!") Three six nine, and what exists in our hearts We must not admit to ourselves that in us artists there is a curious difference; individual taste on the one hand, and individual creativity on the other, diverge more and more under very unusual circumstances, with the result that To form their own growth-I mean, there are two completely different opposing levels, ages, maturity, and degrees of corruption in the hearts of artists?Thus, a lifetime produces works that contradict his own ears and mind, quite different from where his hearing and tastes belong, and he never even feels the contradiction himself!

According to a very common experience, a person's taste often easily surpasses his own ability. He does not even evaluate whether he has the ability to match his taste, so he continues to work with high eyesight and low hand.However, the opposite also happens to some extent—a point I especially want to warn artists to pay attention to.A person who constantly releases new works is the so-called "prolific artist". Apart from working behind closed doors all day long and immersing himself in the work of gestation and production, this kind of person never knows how to use his mind to realize or see new things. He has no time at all to reflect, to compare himself with the work; never intends to use his critical powers, but leaves them behind and leaves them to their own devices; such a man may eventually produce Some works that even I can't comment on come.So what he says and thinks, both about himself and about his work, becomes ignorant.

It seems to me that this phenomenon is quite normal among prolific writers—no one has ever heard of children being inferior to their parents—and this law even applies throughout the world of Greek poetry and art, and it I never "realized" this. ... 370. What is Romanticism? At least my friend may remember that when I attacked the glaring errors and exaggerations of modern society, I still had some hope in my heart.It seems to me (who knows from what personal experience) that the philosophical pessimism that permeated the nineteenth century was a symptom of a powerful current of thought that arose from a more daring and richer life than that of Hume, Kant, Condillac, and some sensualists in the eighteenth century were indeed different.The pessimistic view of things taken in the nineteenth century therefore seems to me to be nothing less than a special luxury of our culture, a most expensive, superior and dangerous mode of extravagance.However, given the abundance of wealth at the time, it was a well-deserved waste.

In the same way, I explain it to myself; German music is the expression of the influence of Dionysus on the German soul.I think I heard the shaking sound of an earthquake in this kind of music, which was caused by the power of the original force that had been buried underground for many years and exploded after finding the exit.However, I don't care whether this shock is caused by what claims to be culture. Obviously, I have misunderstood the pessimism that constitutes philosophy and the true characteristics of German music-let's call it romanticism.What is Romanticism?Art and philosophy in any form can be seen as tools that people use to heal wounds and help move forward in their lives of growth and struggle.It always anticipates the pain to come and the sufferer.However, there are two types of suffering people: one is suffering from excessive vitality, they need Dionysus's art of indulgence, and at the same time they need to take a pessimistic view and introspection on life; Declining and miserable, this type of person seeks rest, tranquility, and calm, to be liberated through the aid of art and knowledge, or to escape through intoxicating pleasure, bewilderment, and madness.

All romanticism in art and intellect reflects the longings and supplications of the latter, in whose eyes Schopenhauer and Wagner belonged to the most famous Romantics, while I was Misunderstood both of them (though they were not at any disadvantage from being misunderstood).Dionysus and man, full of exuberant vitality, not only recognized the terrible and suspicious spectacle, but even in the face of terrible deeds, not to mention the luxury of destruction, confusion and negation.It seemed to them that all that was evil, unconscious, and ugly had a license, so that the prolific power of fecundity turned every desert into the most luxuriant orchard.

On the other hand, the greatest sufferers, the least vital, have the most urgent need of words, deeds, and thoughts of gentleness, calmness, and kindness.If there is a god, especially a "savior" who protects the weak and sick, it must be what they most hope to welcome; similarly, they will also need logic that can explain the abstract concept of existence, because logic can Calm people's pain and give them confidence; in short, what he needs is some space that can reject fear and find warmth in an optimistic realm. And so I gradually began to understand that the Epicurean, who was the opposite of the Dionysian pessimist - also "Christian" in style - was only a type of European, and a Romantic at the same time; My eye has also been sharpened by exploring that most difficult and obscure retrospective inference that is most prone to error—that is, from the work to the author, from the action to the person who performed it, from a certain The ideal pushes out people who need ideals, and pushes out people who urgently need it from models of various ideological values.

For all aesthetic value, I can now use this basic distinction; in any situation, I ask, "Does hunger or hunger trigger creativity?" It is also worth a try (its effect is more significant), that is, the motivation for its creation is to seek solidity, immortality, creation for creation, or to seek destruction, change, renewal, and hope for the future ——Suitable for everyone's psychology.On closer examination, however, it turns out that both desires are themselves very ambiguous, and can only be explained by the more correct concepts mentioned above. The desire for destruction, change, or conformity may be an expression of overwhelming power, but it may also be hatred born of ill-endowment, poverty, and misfortune, which is bound to destroy because all it endures has made It was excited and angry.To understand this sentiment, we need only pay close attention to the anarchists. The desire for immortality also requires a double interpretation, which may arise from gratitude and love on the one hand (the art originating from this may be fanatical gods, such as the works of Rubens, or it may be extraordinary irony, such as Hafiz; or perhaps Goethe's lucid moderate, who sprinkled everything with Homeric light and glory).It may, however, also arise from a ferocious desire of the afflicted man to record without reservation his most personal and narrowest qualities and sufferings, as a coercive law. law to restrain others; in order to avenge all, he engraves the traces of his own pain on others. The latter is the most extreme form of Romantic pessimism, and whether it is typified by Schopenhauer's philosophy of the will or by Wagner's music, it may be called the last in the fate of our culture. event. (Perhaps there is a very different kind of pessimism, classical pessimism—I have this lingering hunch; but the word "classical" is harsh, it sounds too trite, general, and vague I would just call it the pessimism of the future, for it is coming! I see it approaching! — O Dionysian pessimism. ① Rubens (Rubens, 1577-1640), Flemish painter. How long!To put it mildly, until 1900 - this is also our peculiarity 371. We are incomprehensible people Do we often complain of being misunderstood, wrongly judged, hated or slandered?That is our lot--ah, how can we gain respect for ourselves if we cannot bear what we have endured. Most people tend to confuse us with other people. The reason is that we are constantly growing and changing. Every spring, we still shed our old shell and are always so young, tall and strong. We are like the people of the future, and we will The roots reach more powerfully into the depths—into evil, and more lovingly embrace heaven, absorbing its light with broad branches. We grow like trees—a concept as puzzling as all life—not in one place but everywhere; not in one direction but in and out and in all directions.At the same time, our mighty shoots are growing upwards, expanding into branches, leaves, and roots; we really can no longer do anything with the same freedom as before, nor can we be anyone without care. . . . Our destiny; in spite of our misfortunes, we are still developing upwards-we are getting closer and closer to the light! ——We are proud of this, and do not want to share this lofty position and destiny with others... 372. Why We Are Not Idealists Philosophers of the past were afraid of the human senses—perhaps we have forgetfully forgotten this fear?Today, all people are sensualists, and we are the philosophical representatives of today and tomorrow—not just based on theory, but the result of practical demonstration.Conversely, former philosophers feared that their philosophic virtues would melt away like snow in the sun, believing that their senses would lure them out of the calm realm of their "ideals" into the perilous southern islands. . "Sealing wax in the ear" can almost be described as a reflection of the philosophy of the time, life is music, but the real philosopher no longer listens, he rejects the music of life - the old philosophical superstition always thinks that all music is a banshee The singing of Siren Sirinth. At this moment, we should judge with the opposite attitude (maybe this is also wrong), the "ideal" in a calm and pale cloak is actually a more dangerous temptation than the senses, they have always used the "blood" of philosophers as their life, and consume one's senses, and even, if you believe, one's mind.Therefore, those philosophers of the previous generation had no heart, and doing research and thinking from a philosophical standpoint is a kind of blood-sucking behavior.Even Spinoza, do you not feel, looking at him, a deep, incomprehensible, restless impression?Don't you guys see that the drama being played here is getting paler and paler? ——The act of spiritual purification is always too ideal to be displayed in front of the world.Don't you imagine some vampires who have been hidden for a long time in the background, first attack a certain sense, and then walk away when they are done, leaving only a pile of bones? In fact, I refer only to philosophical categories, formulas, and phrases (will you forgive me if I say that Spinoza is nothing but bones? After that, what love, what God?...).In sum, all philosophical idealism is more or less a disease, as it was in the case of Plato, unscrupulous abundance and dangerous health, fear of overpowering senses, and Socratic wisdom. Maybe it's because we moderns are not healthy enough to ask ourselves to have Plato's idealism?And the reason why we are not afraid of the senses is because— 373. The Prejudice of "Science" According to the laws of class distinctions, learned people who belong to the middle class of intellectuals do not bother to look at really important questions, and do not even bother to look at doubtful ones.However, their courage and prospects are not so great-the most important thing is that they become explorers because of need, as for inner participation and approach, they are all different, and fear and hope are also very fast. It is attributed to cooling.For example, the reason why the British philosopher Herbert Spencer (Herbert Spencer) advocated his way so passionately, and painted a hopeful and infinitely beautiful sky for himself, and his dream of "self-interest and altruism" The eventual reconciliation of "ism"--almost all of which is distasteful to people like us--is due to humanism in a Spencerian vision, but it seems to us that it should be Spit and uproot!At the same time, in fact, what they regarded as the highest hope was seen by others as a nasty possibility, a question that Stuart could not foresee.  … This reason is the same as the belief deeply satisfied by many materialistic natural scientists at present. They believe that this is a world with the same meaning and measure for human thought and value, and it is also a "world of truth". At the same time, we can also borrow This is achieved with the assistance of the puny human reason.What, do you really want to reduce your life to a simple spreadsheet and become a mathematician sitting at home?After all, we should not try to deprive this ambiguous character of the right to exist, because a good aesthetic ability will prevent it, and this aesthetic ability that pays respect to everything is beyond everyone's imagination! The interpretation of the world is correct only if you stand your ground, and only then can the work of exploration and research proceed in a scientific manner; in this interpretation counting, calculating, weighing , Visual observation and touch, etc. are the only inquiry methods.And this method, even if it is not rigid and ignorant, is also suspected of being naive and sloppy.Isn't the reverse also possible?Can the most superficial, external quality of existence—that is, its most visible embodiment—be the first to be understood?The "scientific" way of interpreting the world that you know about is also probably the most ignorant; that is to say, the least important of all ways of interpreting.The reason I say this is to assure my mechanical friends that today, though they love nothing more than conversing with philosophers, they absolutely believe that machinery is the foundation, the first and the ultimate guide, of all living structures. laws; but the mechanical world must also be a meaningless world! If we measure the value of a movement by how we calculate it, how we formulate it - how disgusting this "scientific" approach to music is! ——So how can we experience, understand, or appreciate its advantages and disadvantages?In this way, we will never be able to discover the real "music" from it! Three seven four, our new "infinity" No matter how far the perspective of existence extends, or there are other perspectives, and whether there is no explanation or "feeling" of existence, it will not become "absurd"; and from another perspective, all Existence does not necessarily need to be explained—even the most diligent and careful analyst and the most introspective scholar may not be able to provide affirmative answers to the above correct and appropriate questions; because in the process of analysis, human beings knowledge must see its future form, and even see only this form. We cannot see what is in the corner; the desire for knowledge of its form, and what its prospects are, is but a hopeless curiosity.If there is any kind of life that can turn back time, or manipulate time at will to make it go forward or backward? (If this is the case, there needs to be another direction of life and another concept of cause and effect).At least for now, though, we're out of that ridiculous hidden corner. On the contrary, the world has once again become "infinite" in our eyes, so that we cannot dismiss the possibility of its infinite interpretation.Yet again the great dread seized us again--but who wants to still deify this unknowable monster of the old world?At the same time, who would worship the future "unknown things" as "unknown people"?what!In this unknown yet so evil and ignorant interpretation, how many interpretations of strong possibilities have been included-God knows, these interpretations that are in line with human nature are really too human... 375. Why we are close to hedonism We moderns are wary of final verdicts, and our skepticism is rooted in the charms and tricks of conscience that await in every strong belief, even in the case of any absolute yes or no. The case is no exception. How can this be explained?Perhaps you can see the clues of disillusioned ideals from a child who "was burned once, but feared for ten years".But you can also see another better example: a person who had been lingering in the corner all day, his excited curiosity was affected by the occlusion atmosphere and became depressed, and then formed a relationship with the corner. Find a fertile ground in a wide-open world of stark contrast. Therefore, there is a tendency close to hedonism, wanting to pursue knowledge without losing the vision of discovering the suspicious side of things; not only disgusting some flashy moral words and deeds, but also insisting on a rejection All the rough and blunt comparative mentality of the personality, and proud of it.Also, the slack in the rash impulse of the chase, and the self-control of the galloping knight, etc., do us pride; now, as before, we seem to be riding on a fierce and mad horse, and if there is any difference, serious danger would be unavoidable... 376. Our slow period Artists and creative people feel this way; they believe in each chapter of their life - and often a work forms a chapter - and this moment is finally complete.They also patiently accept the arrival of death at any time with the mentality of "we have been prepared". This is not a sign of exhaustion of life, but a manifestation of the warmth and sunshine of autumn.This characteristic is always slower than the creator in the work itself and in the maturity of the work, so the pace of life can gradually become slow and heavy—flowing with dense fragrance—flowing into eternal stillness and eternity Faith in stillness... Three seven seven, homeless people Among Europeans today, some can be regarded as "homeless". In the deep part of my memory, I miss them very much.Because of their rough lot and poor life, it would be wise to devise a consoling incentive for them, but of what use?How can we sit at home and not move when we are looking forward to the future? In this period of fragile and decadent transition, the rejection of all ideals can provide us with temporary comfort and ease. As for "reality", we do not think that waiting patiently will bear fruit.The ice that carries us has become extremely thin, and the wind is blowing, and we, the homeless, will break through this thin ice, and the decaying "reality"... We have not "preserved" anything, nor can we go back to the past; we are neither completely "free", so we don't have to work hard for "evolution"; The sirens of the future - those calls for "equal rights", "free society", "abolition of slavery and the monarchy" are no longer of interest.Of course, we never think that there is anything to be desired in establishing a just and peaceful country on the earth (because under all circumstances, such a country is too moderate and too Chinese); we and all people like danger, war, and adventure, and would not compromise, be seized, thwarted, or give way, and at the same time call ourselves conquerors; every institution would have been laced with the necessity of a new slavery). Isn't it obvious that we are so blessed to be born in this most humane, merciful and sunny century, that we suffer from all of the above?It is a pity that when we mention these high-sounding words, our hearts are all the more unhappy, because everyone knows that they are wearing a mask-in vain are signs of decay, exhaustion and weakness.What does it matter to us that a sick man hides his pain in a flashy way?He can pretend it to be his own virtue, no doubt, these weaknesses will make people appear polite, oh, listen, so polite, so kind, so just and so "human"! Yes, we are well aware that these hypocrites and women need such rhetoric for their adornment and clothing!We consider ourselves not humanitarians, and dare not say how much we "love mankind"; therefore, people like us are not qualified to be actors.If a person is influenced by the oversensitivity and impatience of the French nation towards sex, he will inevitably be a little sluggish when he comes into contact with people openly... This is human beings! Could it be that among all the old women there is one who is the worst old woman (unless it is "truth", which is a matter for philosophers to worry about)? No!We do not love humans!On the other hand, we are hardly "Germanized" enough (the term is so popular at the moment), we don't support nationalism or racism, and we don't rejoice when patriotism surges and boils in the blood. , because the countries in Europe are currently isolated, as if isolated.We are too unbiased, too stubborn, too critical; and too sophisticated and worldly at the same time. We would rather live in the mountains, far from the seasons, in the past or in the future, lest we have nowhere to vent our grievances if we are appointed witnesses to the German present regime; Isn't it unnecessary to be rooted in two hatreds in order to avoid a crash?Does it still want to be immortalized in Europe? We homeless people are too complicated and confused for "modern people" such as race or blood; It is a characteristic of sentiment that makes people stubborn and fallacious in clinging to "historical significance" all day long.We all consider ourselves good Europeans (a very honorable title), heirs to Europe's richest cultural heritage, and heirs to European thought for millennia.In doing so, we also reject Christianity - just because we were raised on its milk, and because our forefathers were upright and uncompromising Christians; country.And we did.But for what?For our unbelief?For all kinds of unbelief?No, absolutely not!Friends, you should know better than me! The "yes" that lurks deep in your heart is stronger than all "discord and maybe", and this is what makes you sick with your time; Take it with you - so it becomes your faith once again! ... Three seven eight, self-clarification again We are a group of full-hearted people, standing in the street like a fountain, and letting everyone drink; unfortunately, we don't know how to ensure at the right time, to save ourselves from confusion and darkness - there is no way to prevent this. The era throws its "fashionable garbage" at us, or stops dirty birds from throwing shit on us, children molesting us, tired travelers complaining to us, all of these have affected us, big or small. However, we still sink all the filth and waste into the bottom of our hearts as usual - because our hearts are like a bottomless abyss; however, we must not forget to filter and clarify ourselves again. Three seven nine, a fool's interruption The author of this book is not a cynic; today, hatred of humans has its price. A man who hates the world from the bottom of his heart, simply because he likes to do so, for no reason - he will forsake his contempt for hate for that purpose - we often get something by "contempt" How much joy, patience, and compassion!What's more, we are also "God's chosen people", pure "contempt" is our right, our hobby, our art, our virtue, we are the most fashionable among modern people! Conversely, hatred equalizes something, it brings people face to face, and in hatred there is respect; in the end the respect turns into fear, and a very serious fear at that.However, we are a fearless group, the most intelligent people in this era, and at the same time, like a great wise man, we understand our own advantages and stand upright without fear.It's not easy to behead us, silence us, or drive us away, or even blame us, or burn our books. This age favors knowledge, so it loves us and needs us, even though it knows we are a scorned bunch of artists.All human relations are a terrible deceit to us, yet our compassion, patience, restraint, and humility prevent us from giving up our prejudices of keeping people at a distance.Therefore, we love nature more, because it has no worldliness; at the same time, we love art more, because it is the crystallization of the artist's inspiration from human beings—or it can be said that art has a profound influence on human beings or himself. just kidding... 380. What the homeless say In order to measure our European morality, and to compare it with earlier or future morality, we must do what the traveler does when he tries to measure the height of the towers in a city: to this end we leave the city. "Prejudiced ideas about morality", if they have no biased ideas about prejudices (like the sensory world beyond good and evil), then they can be regarded as having taken a foothold outside morality, and in order to achieve their goals, We still have to climb and fly over - anyway, in some cases, this cornerstone beyond good and evil (the liberation of all "Europe") is regarded as an unbreakable measure and has become a part of our flesh and blood up.Our longing to wander may be a crazy and unwise "behavior"-because even us thinkers have their own special way of expressing "not free will"-the question is whether it is because of this (to wander) Can you reach the place you want? If a person wants to obtain excellent knowledge, his body must be very light, because he must fly beyond his own era to achieve a pair of eternal wisdom eyes, and there is a beautiful paradise hidden in the wisdom eyes .In addition, he must also struggle to break free from the environment held, hindered, oppressed and suppressed by contemporary Europeans.A "superman" like this must first understand where the highest value standard of the contemporary era is, and then try to surpass it—this can measure his strength—and, not only surpass his era, but also his understanding of this era. The disgust and antipathy of the times, the sufferings brought to him by the times, and his irrational and romantic thoughts. ... 381. Problems of understanding We write things not only for people to understand, but also for people not to understand.There is no doubt that the purpose of a book is to confuse people. (Perhaps this is the author's intention), it does not want to be understood by "anyone". When an extraordinary knowledge and attempt needs to communicate its thoughts, it always chooses people, and it also erects barriers to exclude "others".All good meanings and styles have their origins; they avoid being sidelined and extend the distance to prevent being "surpassed", but on the other hand, they are looking for soulmates everywhere.The reason why I tell you all about me is that I don't want my ignorance or openness to hinder your understanding of me, friend; I certainly don't want my openness to embarrass you, although it can prompt me To achieve the goal, however, I think when dealing with more esoteric issues, it is best to take a cold shower, go in and come out quickly.Some people say you don't have to immerse yourself too much, others say you don't have to put too much water—these are all superstitions of hydrophobes, the enemy of cold water, and those people are utter nonsense. oh!Extremely cold water can make people get up as quickly as possible!By the way, let me ask: when we only know a little bit about something, or have only superficial contact with it, do we often create misunderstandings or illusions?Should we take a purely subjective standpoint, or should we be like a hen hatching an egg?At least in this awkward or sticky situation, we can catch the essence of it out of the blue for many years, and there is no other way... 最后，我的简扼还有另一种价值：在那些紧缠着我的问题中，我必须尽量说得简洁一点，以使后人不致听到太多的废话。尤其是对那不讲道德的人来说，他更必须谨慎小心以免毁了无知，我指的是某些笨蛋和男女佣仆，他们从人生当中除了只学到无知的单纯之外，其余一无所获。而我希望我的作品也能提升他们，鼓舞他们、使他们的生命充满热诚的激情。我想再也没有那些热诚的笨蛋和男女佣仆受到甜美的鼓舞更能教人兴奋愉悦的了。依简扼的标准来看，我的话已经说得太多，我的无知常将我搞得一团糟，我对自己已无何秘密可言。有时我会因此而感到羞惭，有时则更为此羞惭而感到羞惭。 或许我们这些哲学家在目前的知识界中之地位已逐渐势微——科学正在起飞茁壮，最有学问的人已然发觉到我们所知道的实在太少了。但如果换是另一种情况的话——知道得太多——则一切会更加糟糕；不管怎样，我们的责任永远是以勿使自身陷于迷乱为止。虽然不可否认的，我们也知道许多其他方面的事物，但是毕竟和有学问的人比起来还是有差别。我们的需求不一样、历练不一样、成长不一样、体悟也不一样；我们需要的更多，也需要的更少。 一个知识分子究竟需要多少学养是没有公式可循的；如果有的话，也应当是偏向独立自主、反应敏捷、游历或冒险等方面的性向；他宁可活得贫穷而自由，而不愿生活富裕而不自由。同样的，一个优秀的舞者所需要的滋养，绝非是脂肪，而是力量和柔软度——我知道一个哲学家所渴求的也和优秀的舞者一样。因为舞是他的理想，他的艺术创作，而且与他个人的信仰差不多，同时也是他的"礼拜仪式"。 ... 三八二、伟大的健康 我们，是一群崭新的、无名的、难以理解的产品，同时也是未曾试验过的初级品。总之，我们需要新的目标和新的手段，亦即是一个比过去更强壮、更敏锐、更坚韧、更快乐、更有胆量的健康。 这种人渴望去体验各种被认可的价值和希求，并且要航遍理想的"地中海"一周；从这样的个人之冒险经验中，他想知道当成为其理想的征服者之时内心会有什么样的感受——就象那些艺术家、圣者、使徒、立法者、学者、先知、奉献者，以及反叛旧形式、旧习俗的人所曾经感受过的一样。我们追求理想的目的就是要达到"伟大的健康"，并且还要不断地追寻下去，因为我们会不断地将它奉献出来，而且势必要如此！ 现在，我们这些追求理想的冒险者，其勇气还胜于谨慎，丝毫不在意翻船的危险，故而，我们比其他一般人更为健康。我们涌向一片尚未开发的领域，没有人知道它的界限，其中充满了华丽、诡异、疑难、怪奇和圣洁，使我们的好奇心和欲求有如脱缰之马，不可控驭。God!再也没有任何东西可以满足我们无穷的欲念了。在经过这样的体验和意识的探索之后，我们又怎样会以身为现代人而满足呢？我们用窃窃暗笑的态度来看现代人最引以自豪的理想和希望，对之感到既遗憾而又无奈，或许我们再也不会去看它们一眼。 在我们的眼前，有另一个奇特、诱人而危险的理想，对于这种理想，我们可不能随便劝人去追求，因为我们并不确知是否每个人都有这份资格和能耐——一个纯真（意即自然流露的力量和泉源）的人将一切庄严、美好、神圣而不可侵犯的东西玩弄于其掌上的理想。对有些人而言，这种充沛的理念已经包含了许多危险、毁灭、低俗，甚至是松懈、盲目和暂时的健忘等毛病。这种谦卑的超人性福祉和理想往往显得极不人道，譬如说，将之置于过去世俗之所有严肃之物旁，而与其源头、言语、音调、神情、道德，以及工作等相形之下，就好象是那些人最真诚的打油诗似的；不过，或许真正最严肃的一切才刚揭开序幕，问号早已划下，人类的命运已然转变，时针在移动，悲剧诞生了。 ... 三八三、收场白 当我逐渐慢馒地划好了这个阴郁的问号，并想提醒我的读者关于…… 你认为这样好不好呢，我那已经等不及的朋友们？你若有意见，谁会不乐意依从你呢？我的风笛和歌喉在恭候着，虽然我的声音已经有点嘶哑，但是就让它如此地唱下去罢！不要忘了我们是在高山之上！同时，至少你所听到的都是崭新的东西，而假使你听不懂它，或会错了唱游诗人的心意，那又有什么关系呢！那一直是"唱游诗人之咒"。对于他的音乐和旋律你将能听得更加清楚，而且也更能配合着奏曲而翩翩起舞。 你愿意如此吗？ （余鸿荣译）