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Chapter 8 on women

pessimistic essay 叔本华 8334Words 2018-03-20
Schiller once wrote a poem called "The Dignity of Woman", which praised women.When the author wrote this poem, he carefully selected and deliberated words, and there are unique metaphors, which are quite touching.But I think that if we want to talk about the exact and proper praise of women, we should talk about these words of Jiao Yi: Without women, our birth will be unimaginable, middle age will have no joy, and old age will have no consolation.In Byron's play called "Thanaperas", there are a few confessions that are also touching: human life conceived in a woman's breast,

From her soft lips you babble, She wiped away your first tears, When life is freed from its fetters, While dying in the world, Often also in front of women, you pour out your dying sighs. ——Scene 1·Scene 2 All of the above comments about women are fair. Just look a little at the constitution of woman, and you will see that woman is not doomed to heavy labor, mental or physical, nor is she bound to repay the debt of life by such labor, but Therefore, the hardships she has suffered, the pain of childbearing and the toil of bringing them up, her submission to her husband, she should bear with her husband, and should be her husband's happy companion.The grief, the ecstasy, was not her own, so she didn't have to show her powers everywhere.Women should be gentler, quieter, and ordinary than men, that is, neither more joyful nor more painful than men.

The most suitable occupation for women is to nurse and educate children, because they are really naive, frivolous, short-sighted, in a word, their whole life is really a big child-the intermediate between children and adults in the strict sense.See, a girl spends her days in the company of children, dancing and singing with them, and when you think about it, how can a man, even if he wanted to do it sincerely, put up with that girl when he was in that girl's place. The gods of nature seem to have this kind of vision for young girls, thinking that they must make them what they call "seat-seekers" in the drama.Therefore, in a limited number of years, the gods of nature endowed them with the wealth of beauty, and gave them charm without hesitation at the expense of the rest of their lives. As a result, in these few short years, young girls always It is to want men to go crazy and even go crazy, so that they will take good care of them, do everything possible to win the favor of women, and be fascinated by them all their lives - if a man's reason can still control his thoughts, there is no good reason to go to this step.Therefore, the God of Nature also equips them with other weapons and tools, and they can disarm them once they don't need them. Just like other creatures, what the God of Nature bestows on women is also limited.For example: a female ant loses her wings after conception, because her wings are useless during the pregnancy period, and it will endanger her fertility if not done well. Similarly, a woman loses her teenage wings after giving birth to her first or second child. beauty.

Thus, we find that young women do not regard housework as a serious matter, or at least not as a priority.The only thing that can hold their eyes is admiration, and getting love and everything else that goes with it--dresses, balls, and so on. The more outstanding and beautiful things are, the slower they mature.A man's powers of reasoning and intellect seldom reach maturity before the age of twenty-eight, and a woman's maturity appears at eighteen.Again, there is little that can be called reason in women.This is the reason why women always retain childishness throughout their lives. What they pay attention to is only the things in front of them, and what they are nostalgic for is also these, and they regard the superficial phenomena as the essence of things, and they are happy to talk about small things. Don't worry about important things.It is only because of man's power of reasoning that they do not look at the present like animals, but observe the world around them, considering its past and future. These are the roots of man's prudence, prudence and anxiety. Anxiety and anxiety affect many people, with both advantages and disadvantages.But these have little effect on women, because women lack strong judgment.In fact, women can be described as intellectually short-sighted. Although women can intuitively understand what is in front of them, their vision is narrow and they do not take into account the distance.So things that don't seem to exist, past and future, affect women far less than men, which explains why women are more receptive to a life of luxury, and their indulgences sometimes reach insanity the reason.In women's minds, men are earning money and doing things, and consumption is a woman's business—if possible, when the husband is alive, in order to maintain the family, he will give the salary to the wife, at least after the death of the husband, so it is more important. Make them firm their above-mentioned idea.

Although women's short-sightedness has many disadvantages, at least one thing is certain, that is, women pay more attention to the present than men, and as long as the present life is okay, they will enjoy themselves to their heart's content. This is the unique source of joy for women. It also enables them to entertain men when they are resting and entertaining, and, as long as necessary, to comfort them when they are overwhelmed by their troubles. It is not a bad thing to discuss difficult matters with women.This is what the ancient Germans did. This is because women look at things very differently from men. In order to achieve their goals, women always look for shortcuts and focus on the current things; Things that we don't see or think about may be right in front of our eyes.So in this case the man needs to be brought back into the right stance to regain the simple perspective that is close at hand.

Moreover, women judge things more calmly than us, so what they see is what actually exists; men are not, as long as they are emotionally impulsive, they will exaggerate things or fall into unrealistic meditation. Why women have more sympathy and care for the less fortunate than men do, is due to the feebleness of their judgment.But it also explains why they are not as good at upholding justice as men, are not as aboveboard as men, and are not as serious and responsible as men.It is also because of the weakness of their judgment that their vision is limited by the things in front of them, and the concrete things in front of them may exert their power on them. The result is abstract thought principles, fixed codes of conduct, firm beliefs and memories of the past. No vision of the future can resist these forces.So it is not important that woman possesses the first elements of virtue but lacks the necessary means of virtue.

Here we find that what is lacking in the nature of woman is an injustice.The fundamental reason is that the women we mentioned above lack judgment and thinking ability, and of course it also lies in their status. The god of nature makes their gender weak.Women do not rely on strength, but on cunning, that is, on their cunning instincts and false natures, as lions have claws and teeth, elephants and boars have tusks, oxen have horns, squids have black, smoky ink In fact, the weapon of defense given to women by the God of Nature is the art of concealment.The God of Nature endows men with strong physique and reason.Disguise is a woman's instinct, whether she is a smart woman or a stupid woman.Women use this skill anytime and anywhere, which is justified, just like animals who are attacked must use self-defense, and they feel that it is their right to do so.Because, don't try to have a loyal woman, but there will also be a woman who is not good at concealing, and it is precisely because of this that women can quickly see through other people's concealment, and it is unwise to use such tricks on women.But it is because of such flaws that problems such as falsehood, infidelity, betrayal, and debt of gratitude arise.In court, there are obviously more women than men who commit perjury, and it is doubtful whether women can be allowed to testify in court.People can also often find that some well-fed ladies will take the goods on the counter and escape quietly when no one is watching.

The gods of nature entrusted the task of human reproduction to strong and beautiful young men in order to avoid the degradation of human beings.This is the firm will and purpose of nature for human beings, fully embodied in the lust of women.It is also the oldest and most powerful law, against which the rights and interests of men are subject to suffering.No matter what words or deeds a man has, they will be ruthlessly broken by the first encounter. This is also the rule of heaven that governs women's actions.Although it is mysterious, vague, and insidiously effective, we can describe it: those who have the same contempt for individuals, that is, for women, and think they have the right to be over all human beings, we have a good reason. to deceive them.Human physique, happiness and health are all in our hands, and it is our responsibility. Furthermore, we control the next generation, and their life is continued from us, so let us fulfill our responsibilities Bar!But women have no abstract knowledge of this major law, they are only aware of it in concrete facts, and they have absolutely no other way of putting it into words than to wait for the opportunity to come. to obey the laws of heaven; and, moreover, they are not so troubled by conscience as we imagine, for in the dark depths of their hearts, although they also feel the injury of personal duty, and the great Human beings, they still fulfilled their responsibilities.

Since the survival of women is basically for the reproduction of human beings, they are generally born for human beings, not for individuals. In their minds, they pay more attention to the affairs of all mankind than to personal affairs.That alone lends a certain frivolity to their whole life and existence, and women, generally speaking, have radically different temperaments and inclinations from men.It is precisely because of this that there will be disagreements in married life. This kind of thing happens often, and it is almost a common occurrence. The natural affection between men is at most mutual indifference, while between women it is full of hostility.The reason is the jealousy among the same kind.Unlike men, whose jealousy never goes beyond their occupation; women, whose jealousy is all-encompassing, because that's all they have to do.Even when women meet in the street, they look at each other like Guelphs and Ghibellines.Obviously, the restraint and hypocrisy shown by two women when they first met are definitely not what a man would show on the same occasion. Even the greetings between two women would be more ridiculous than that between men.In addition, under normal circumstances, men are always polite, gentle and elegant when they talk to others, even to those who are lower than themselves.It is intolerable, then, to see a lady speak to the lower classes—and I do not mean the maids of her family—with such a haughty air.The reason is that for women, the difference in status matters; men don't think that way, they have thousands of ideas.A woman has a worry, that is, she wants to find a man who loves her.In addition, women are much more closely related to each other than men, because their occupations are one-sided, which further makes them value the importance of differences in social status.

Only when there is sexual impulse, men will lose their minds and think that people who are short, narrow shoulders, fat buttocks and short legs are beautiful, and the beauty of women is closely related to sexual impulse.Rather than saying that women are beautiful, they are described as sexual without an iota of beauty.Even if they were sensible and sensitive, it would be impossible to express them in music, poetry, or art.If they really pretend to be refined to please others, they can only simply imitate, and they will certainly not show a completely objective interest in anything.The reason, it seems to me, is that men try to control things directly, and that by taking the method of understanding things they force themselves to their will; women do have to control things indirectly, indirectly, that is, through men. .Even if a woman has the ability to directly control things, it is only relative to a certain man.Therefore, women always regard everything as a means to control and conquer men.If a woman is interested in anything else, it is a mere pretence--a pretense that is achieved by coquettishness.So, even Rousseau said this: Generally speaking, women can never love art; they don't have any professional knowledge at all, and they don't have any genius.

Anyone who can see the essence of things through the surface of things can notice this.But you only have to look at the interest women show in concerts, operas, plays—for example, when the most beautiful chapters of a masterpiece are played, they will still gossip there, looking so childish and innocent. simple.If the ancient Greeks really banned women from entering the theater, I believe that this approach is completely correct. Only in this way can people hear the dialogue on the stage clearly.Today, in addition to saying that the church must be solemn, so women must be silent, it should also be written in large and striking characters on the curtain in the theater: Women please be quiet! It is also difficult for all the most outstanding talents of women to produce outstanding achievements in art of great greatness, truth, and unique elegance; it is difficult to contribute to the world in any field works of great eternal value.When you think about it, you don't expect anything from a woman.Especially in art, it is more prominent.Women have as much skill as men, and they are trying to develop it themselves, but they still don't have a work of art to be proud of.The reason is that there is a lack of objectivity in the woman's mind.But this is what is indispensable to the art of painting.Women are absolutely limited by their subjective point of view. Therefore, ordinary women have no real sensitivity to art, and naturally change according to a strict order, which must not be presumptuously overridden.Hewett, in his "Mind Experiments on Science" - a book famous for 300 years - denies that women have any higher talents without exception.In general, women are mediocre, hopeless Philistines.From this absurd arrangement, therefore, women are left to enjoy the status and title of their husbands, making them the stimulants of man's ambition.Furthermore, it is precisely because of the mediocrity of women that modern society is in such a predicament. They play an exemplary role in this society and determine the social atmosphere.We should take Napoleon's famous dictum: Women have no place, to determine the correct position of their social status.As for the rest of women's abilities, Shanford is right: women are doomed to trade only for our weaknesses and follies, not our sanity.The sympathy between a woman and a man is superficial and does not touch thoughts, feelings, or characters.Woman is the secondary sex, inferior in every respect to the primary sex: we should be considerate of women's frailties.It is absurd for men to show such admiration to women, and it makes women demean men.When the God of Nature divides the sexes, the number of men and women is not balanced.Indeed, the difference between the sexes is only the difference between men and women, which is not only a qualitative difference, but also a quantitative difference. This is how the ancients looked at women, and the Orientals still hold this view, and their judgment on women's proper place is far more correct than ours.We have retained the old French fashion: courtship and ludicrous admiration for women, the highest product of Germanic Christian folly.Courtesy of a woman fosters her pride, and one happens to think of the apes of Benaras, who, when conscious of their dignity and sacred place, think they can do as they please. On the contrary, in the West, women, especially those noble ladies, have found themselves in an unsuitable position. These women who were rightly called by the ancients the inferior sex are not objects of our respect, admiration, and no comparison with men. Head taller or at least keep pace with men.The consequences of such an unsuitable position are also evident.If this second-class human being were also relegated to its natural place in Europe, there would be no more annoying dames, and that would be a wonderful thing.Ladies were laughed at not only in Asia, but also in ancient Greece and Rome.Such changes will have immeasurably good effects on our social structure, internal affairs arrangements and political system.At that time, the "Selico Law" will lose its function, and it must become a burden and eventually disappear.In Europe, there should not be any noble ladies. They should be housewives, or women who want to be housewives. They should not develop any arrogant temperament, but should be frugal and submissive.In Europe, it is the existence of such noble ladies that makes the women of the lower classes, that is, the majority of women, less fortunate than Oriental women.Even Lord Byron said: The status of women in ancient Greece was appropriate at that time, but as an uncivilized remnant of the knight system and the feudal era, the status of women now is artificial and unnatural.Since men have provided them with food and clothing, they should be housekeepers instead of social; they should have a good religious education but not poetry and political books, but only religious and godly books and books on cooking. Books; of course, they can also listen to music, draw pictures, dance, plant flowers and so on in due course.I've seen women succeed in building roads at Aberus, so why couldn't they turn the hay and milk the cows? Marriage laws prevalent in various European countries regard men and women as equals—meaning that such marriage laws were wrong to begin with, and where monogamy is practiced, marriage means that men and women share the same power and assume double obligations.Since the law has given equal power to both men and women, women should also have the same wisdom as men.But in fact, because the reputation and power given to women by the law surpass the gift of nature, the number of women who can really enjoy this reputation and power is relatively reduced, and other people who should enjoy it are deprived of it. powers, and those who assume them enjoy too much of their due.Just because women are placed in a completely equal position with men, the establishment of monogamy and the marriage law that embodies this system give women unnatural power, but this is not the case.Because of this, those men who are extremely intelligent often hesitate to make great sacrifices for this, so they have to acquiesce in this extremely unreasonable arrangement. In ethnic groups that practice polygamy, any woman can be supported; in ethnic groups that practice monogamy, the number of married women is limited, making most women unable to get a home and lack of livelihood.Such women of the upper classes become morose spinsters whose lives are lonely and dull.This kind of women in the lower class are doing extremely hard work, and will avoid it because they are not competent, and some are reduced to fireworks women, whose life is not only happy but also very disgraceful. However, it is precisely because of this situation that there is no shortage of prostitutes.It was accepted that these women were well placed to ward off the temptations of other lucky women who were married or were waiting to be married.There are 80,000 prostitutes in London alone.So what else can the fate of a woman living under monogamy be but miserable?It was a terrible fate: they were victims on the altar of monogamy.These unfortunate women, so described, must have been the antithesis of the haughty and hypocritical European dames.By extension, polygamy actually benefits women.Also, if the wife is chronically ill, or barren, or aging, the husband is justified in taking a concubine, and there is nothing against him.It appears that the motives that lead to conversions to Mormonism are the same as those that oppose unnatural monogamy. Furthermore, while giving women unnatural powers, they also impose unnatural duties on them, and dereliction of duty leads to their misfortune.Let me explain. A man may sometimes think that if he marries, his social and economic status will decline, unless the marriage is wise.For this reason, when he chooses a woman, he does not only take marriage as a condition, but also attaches some other conditions to ensure the status of wife and son.No matter how fair, reasonable, and appropriate these conditions are, once a woman voluntarily renounces the undue power brought about by marriage, in a sense, she eventually loses her reputation.Marriage is an important part of civil society, and she will live an unhappy life because of it, and it is part of human nature to pay attention to what other people say, which may have no value in itself.Conversely, if a woman rejects a marriage proposal, she risks her whole life either marrying a man she doesn't like, or going unnoticed like a spinster because a woman The time to choose a lifetime is quite short.From the point of view of monogamy, Thomassis's profound academic paper "On Concubinage" is worth reading.The book points out that before the Lutheran Reformation, no matter what nationality or era, it was always reasonable and legal for men to take concubines, and they were protected by law to a certain extent, and there was absolutely no shame at all.It was the Lutheran Reformation that brought concubinage into disrepute, and further justified deference to priestly marriages, which the Catholic Church would never again neglect. It's no use arguing about polygamy because the facts are all there and the only question is how to control them.Where is a true monogamous marriage?We, at least temporarily, and most often, live polygamous lives.Since a man needs many women, there is nothing more just than to keep their wives and concubines in groups, and it is even regarded as a duty to do so.In doing so, women can be placed in a real and natural position, that is, as a man's accessory.In this way, the dame, the stupid monster of European civilization and Germanic Christianity, would disappear, and there would be women instead of wretched women.There are such unfortunate women everywhere in Europe today. Women in India are not free. According to the "Manu Code", she obeys her father when she is young, her husband when she gets married, and her son when her husband dies.It is abhorrent for a widow to commit suicide and set herself on fire, but it is even more unbearable for a wife to share her deceased husband’s property with her lover, because the money was earned by her husband’s hard work, and it is full of his self-comfort that he can use the money to support his children .Only the golden mean is true happiness. The first maternal love is completely instinctive, whether it is lower animals or human beings.Once the child is self-supporting, this love ceases to exist, and the original love is replaced by a love based on habit and reason, and this love is often difficult to express, especially when the mother no longer loves the father. Even more so.On the contrary, paternal love is enduring. Its foundation is that the father finds his inner self in his children. Therefore, paternal love is metaphysical in nature. Whether it is ancient society or modern society, even in almost all ethnic groups including the Hottentots, the inheritance must be inherited by male offspring. Only in Europe, there is a phenomenon that is contrary to common sense. Never mind.It is outrageous, but not uncommon, that the wealth acquired by a man's life's hard work and painstaking efforts through many difficulties should later fall into the hands of an irrational woman and be quickly squandered.Therefore, the occurrence of such phenomena should be prevented by restricting women's inheritance rights.In my opinion, the best way is to let a woman, whether she is a widow or an abandoned daughter, not be able to receive anything beyond the mortgage property to interest for life. Here comes the male heir.It is men, not women, who earn money, so women have no justification for absolute possession of property, nor are they proper persons to keep it.The so-called property refers to money, houses, fields, etc. Once they are owned by them as property, they should not be allowed to dispose of it at will. For this reason, a guardian should be appointed, and women are not allowed to dispose of their property as long as it can be avoided child.Women's vanity, although it can be proved that it is not as strong as that of men, is still very harmful, and vanity leads them to complete material enjoyment.They take their own beauty as their capital, and then they show off with luxurious clothes, and they are also proud of their magnificence. squander.The lower their judgment, the easier it is to exhibit the above-mentioned things.From this we also find an ancient writer who portrayed the average woman as having a luxurious nature.But what a man's vanity pursues is usually non-material interests such as intelligence, knowledge, and courage. Aristotle made it very clear in his "Politics" that because the Spartans gave women hereditary rights and inheritance rights, as well as too much freedom, they were obsessed with women, and so many people gradually grew. Unfavorable factors, and this unfavorable factor is one of the reasons for the decline of Sparta.Isn't it the same in France?Isn't it women's responsibility for the growing influence of women from Louis XIII onwards, culminating in the corruption of court and government that led to the French Revolution of 1789, and the bitter fruit of continuous harassment?Perhaps it is the establishment of the dame system that proves that women occupying the wrong social position is a fundamental defect in our current social structure. It originates in the social structure itself, but spreads its bad influence everywhere. Although every woman is in a completely independent and unnatural position, once married, she is dependent on a man, is dominated by him, and is ruled by him.From this point of view, the nature of women is to obey.A woman wants to be dominated: when young, the master is a lover, when old, the master is a priest.
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