Chapter 5 "A Dream of Red Mansions" and Other Classical Literature and Art

It is second to none in Chinese novels, and it is not an exaggeration to call it unprecedented, but even the greatest works cannot be created without inheritance and breakthrough.I have tried to say that it can best utilize the strengths of the modern Mandarin (Beijing dialect), surpassing the novels of the Ming Dynasty such as "Water Margin" and "Journey to the West" and so on.In addition to this pioneering merit, the author must have commitments.What kind of classical literature and art influence did he receive?It is also interesting to answer this question.I think he was influenced by at least the following books.There are two in ancient poetry and novels in modern opera.Of course, it is not limited to these four books. I think these four books have had the greatest impact on Zeng.

The first is due to.Baoyu likes to read the "Nanhua Jing", and continued a chapter, see the twenty-first and twenty-second chapters of this book.This is obvious.Zhiyanzhai Qianlong Gengchen commentary (this book is now in the collection of Peking University, hereinafter referred to as Zhigeng) has annotations in the 22 chapters of "Mountain Trees from the Bandits" and "Sources from the Source", and the author himself annotated.Another example is Xing Xiuyan's narration of Miaoyu's "commentary writing is good" in Chapter 63.The words of the people in the book, of course, also represent the author's opinion.

It is more effective in "Chu Ci".In the seventeenth chapter, I wrote about Hengwu Garden (now the original Academy): Suddenly, the big and exquisite mountain rock protruding into the sky came head-on, surrounded by various stones, covering all the houses inside, and there was not a single flower or tree, only a lot of weeds, some with vines, or some with vines. The vines, or hanging from the top of the mountain, or piercing the stone gap, or even hanging from the eaves around the pillars, lingering on the steps, or floating like emerald belts, or like golden ropes, or like cinnabar sand, or flowers like golden osmanthus.

This concretizes the realm of Fangfen in "Chu Ci".Then Baoyu mentioned the names of many herbs, and summarized them as "all those exotic herbs in "Li Sao" and "Wen Xuan". In particular, you should pay attention to the 78th chapter of "Fu Rong Yi", which is the most elaborately compiled classical text in the book, with the former parallel style and the later Sao style, which can give a glimpse of the author's literary attainments.The name of this article is Yi Qingwen, and it is actually Yi Daiyu, which can be seen from the importance of this book.This article Zhigeng has annotations and is also written by the author.There are a total of 18 main articles, but eight quotes from "Li Sao" and "Chu Ci" and six quotes, 14 articles have been obtained, accounting for about 80% of the total.Using this number to indicate what ancient book the author of "Red Mansion" owes his strength to, is beyond comprehension.

Of course, since it is a story-telling novel, it should have its direct and systematic acceptance.It was born out of modern vernacular novels and operas.As far as operas are concerned, although "Jing Chai", "Resurrection", "Tiger Bag Bullet" and other dramas are quoted, the most outstanding ones are the most widely quoted, and they have almost become the spoken language of Bao and Dai's daily love. (1) Famous ones such as Daiyu's burial of flowers in the twenty-three chapters.Baoyu said: "What a good article, you don't even want to eat after reading it." The following quotes "The West Chamber": "I am just sad and sick, and you are the beauty of the country and the city." Daiyu was anxious, but Later, he also said: "Hey, it turns out that it is a seedling but not beautiful, and it is a silver-like wax gun head!" So Baoyu said: "You, I will tell you too."

(2) For example, in the twenty-sixth chapter, Daiyu sighed at the curator in Xiaoxiang, and read: "Every day I feel sleepy and sleepy." Baoyu heard it outside the window, and said with a smile: "Why do I feel sleepy every day?" Wen Baoyu said through Zijuan: "Good girl, if you share the mandarin tent with your passionate lady, how can you be willing to make the bed." (3) The forty-ninth chapter has a long text, and the excerpts are quoted below: Baoyu then went to Daiyu and said with a smile, "Although I have read it, I have understood it. I have made fun of it several times. You have been annoyed. Now that I think about it, I am puzzled by one sentence. . . . There is a saying that is the best, "When did Meng Guang take over Liang Hong's case". It's an interesting question. When did you pick it up? Tell me and I'll listen." Daiyu listened... laughed and said, "That's a good question, his question is good, and you are good too."... Baoyu knew the reason, and said with a smile: "I said, I was wondering when Meng Guang took over Liang Hong's case. It turned out that he took over the case from the time when the child's mouth was not blocked."

Utilizing the complete sentences of "West Chamber" is extremely subtle and euphemistic.It can be said that there is no place where it is not cited.But that's not all. Some realm descriptions in the book are completely reborn from "The West Chamber".Zhi Yanzhai once pointed out that there are also two quotes here. (1) Chapter twenty-fifth: "Baoyu... just looks at the flowers with makeup, looks here and there, and when she looks up, she sees a person leaning on the railing under the corridor in the southwest corner, but she hates the flowers in front of her. There is a crabapple flower covering it, which makes it hard to see clearly." Zhi Yanzhai commented: "I said that the beauty of this book comes from the poems and sentences, and it is all from these pens and inks. Let me ask the viewer, this is not "Ge Hua" Are people far away and the world is close?" (The sentence "Gehua" comes from the "West Chamber" "Temple Police" fold) (2) The same goes back to the following to describe the red jade story, "It's been a day since I opened my eyes."Zhi Ping, "Bi Yun's eyes have passed for a day, which contrasts with Ruby's 'a moment like a summer', you know?" (This sentence comes from "Lai Jian")

These two reviews are really good. He said "Zhihu?" It was like asking us, "Do you know?" But how would he know?This is very strange.I have recently suspected that Zhiyanzhai is Cao Xueqin's pseudonym.Otherwise, how can others know the author's psychology when writing the book. The original version of "Red Mansions" is "The West Chamber", which is indeed good, but it is especially directly influenced by the vernacular novels of the Ming Dynasty. (Of course, "Water Margin" is also somewhat related.) There is a book "A Dream of Red Mansions" written by Kan Duo who is close to me. After Qin's death, the section on buying a coffin almost completely uses Li Ping'er's article.

There are also two articles in the "Fat Review" that clearly state the relationship with it. (1) In the section on buying a coffin in the thirteenth chapter, Zhi Gengben commented: "Everything is written, and there is no easy pen. It won the "Golden Vase" pot." (2) Twenty-eighth chapter , Feng Ziying, Xue Pan, etc. drinking wine, Zhi Yanzhai Jiaxu's eyebrow commented: "This paragraph is compared with Nei Ximenqing and Ying Bojue drinking at Li Guijie's house. I don't know which one is more lively." This is similar to Zhi Geng's book. The twenty-fourth episode of Ni Erzui's encounter with Jia Yun's eyebrows is very similar.Bi Wenyun: "This section is about Yang Zhi selling knives and encountering a hairless worm in "Water Margin". I think it looks much better. Jimao Dongye Zhiyan." These are obviously the author's own satisfied tone. The three great works of "Water Margin", "Water Margin" and "Water Margin" are actually connected in one vein. "Red Mansion" has a particularly close relationship with China, so I don't have time to go into details here.

I always feel that the reason why China has become the first strange book since its own writing is not only because of its "original creation", but also because of its "integration" of combining the strengths of many into one, and combining the best of all into one. .