Chapter 2 The Tradition of "A Dream of Red Mansions"

Ridge Peak Monk and Taoism talk about stubborn stones and empty roads talk about the origin of stones There were originally two systems of Chinese novels: first, Tang legends, and second, Song stories.Most of the legends use classical Chinese to write stories about love and ghosts.Its development has two aspects, one is a notebook novel, and the other is adapted into a drama, such as the famous one.In the Song Dynasty, story books were generally divided into four families, the most important being "novel" (this novel is a special term used in story books) and history telling. "Fiction" can better reflect the social situation at that time. The great novels of the Yuan and Ming dynasties, such as "Water Margin", "Shuihu", and "Shuihu", all evolved from this school.From the book, it is easy to see how it takes, synthesizes, and develops these two ancient traditions of the novel.

With "gifted scholars and beautiful ladies" as the protagonist in the book, he was deeply influenced by "The West Chamber".The book is called "Hui Zhen Ji", and it is famous for example in the twenty-three chapters of Daiyu's burial of flowers. Baoyu said, "I don't even want to eat after reading it."Later, it almost became the "spoken language" between Baoyu and Daiyu when they talked.This book quotes a total of six or seven times, and they are used very flexibly. For example, in the forty-nine chapters quoted "When did Meng Guang take over the case of Liang Hong", Bao Dai used "The West Chamber" to say her own words, which is very natural .

Let's talk about "Water Margin".Although the connection between these two books is not obvious on the surface, for example, in the twenty-fourth chapter of Ni Erzui's encounter with Jia Yun, Zhi Yanzhai commented: "This section is very similar to the "Water Margin" record of Yang Zhi's encounter with selling knives. After watching it once, Mao Mao found it much more beautiful." It can be imagined that the author took "Water Margin" as a model in his mind, and Jia Yucun had a speech on "righteousness" and "evil spirit" in the second chapter of the book, which is similar to the first chapter of "Water Margin". The meaning of "wrongly walking away from the demon" in the two times is the same. The "Red Mansion" so-called "a thread of miscalculation and escape" is actually "a black air will roll out" in "Water Margin".

At the beginning, it is said that the sky-filling stone is twelve feet high and twenty-four feet square, with a total of 36,501 pieces. It was originally December, twenty-four qi, and three hundred and sixty-five degrees and four divisions of the sky. One, it is slightly different from the first chapter that the fairy stone in Huaguo Mountain is three feet six feet five inches high and two feet four feet wide, but the concept is the same.This has already been said [1].Moreover, this tenacious stone with a height of twelve feet and a square of twenty-four feet can be shrunk into a fan pendant and transformed into a bright and clean jade. ) into the monkey's ears.

It is particularly closely related to the book, and it has a direct impact on this book. Recently, there have been special books on it, so I cannot cite it in detail here [2].Such as the main concepts of "color" and "emptiness" (this color word reads like the color of lust, not the "color" of the five aggregates of Buddhism), it has always been clear.In the section on Qin Keqing's coffin, almost all the words used to remember Li Ping'er's death were used.Zhi Yanzhai's commentary said that "the golden vase won the gold pot" is true. As with the simple examples cited above, this book is a collection of ancient novels.Not only that, but it also inherits a farther literary tradition, not limited to novels, such as "Zuo Zhuan" and "Historical Records", such as Yuefu Poems, and "Li Sao" is particularly outstanding.The first commentary on Zhi Yanzhai’s edition clearly stated that “, “Li Sao” is the sublime”; the sixty-third chapter borrowed Miaoyu’s tone and said, “The writing is good”; the twenty-first chapter, Baoyu’s imitation of "Zhuangzi? ", there is no need to elaborate on this.I think Zhuang Zhou also influenced the whole book of "Red Mansion".Its unrestrained pen and ink, fantastic and changing composition, owes its strength to the deep.

As for the relationship with "Li Sao", I will use the largest classical text in this book, "Fu Rong Yi" to illustrate.This article uses "Li Sao" and "Chu Ci" the most, which can be found in the author's original notes.Among them, there is a more interesting one, which may be discussed briefly, that is, Baoyu called his ideal person Qingwen in this famous text, compared with the ancients who called the father of King Yu of Xia "Gun".Baoyu said: "Zhi Lie is in danger, and the women are more miserable than Yu Ye." The author's original note: "Gun was upright and self-appointed, and Shun died on Yushan. "Li Sao" said, Gun Zhi died, and finally died in Yu's field." It is special knowledge and special pen.For a beauty like Qingwen, it is strange enough to compare her to Gun, one of the "Four Heroes" according to ancient legends; so later generations changed this sentence to "Women are worse than Yansai", thinking it appropriate to use the story of Zhaojun's departure from the fortress. There are too many, but I don't know that it just lost the author's meaning.It was Qu Yuan's original idea to appreciate this straight Gun, and the author seems to have taken a step forward by translating "straight" into "rigid".This is the "thousands of years of concentricity" in thought, not just the inheritance of words.

The above list cannot include all Chinese classical literature, but the ancient origins of the ancient literature are very deep and wide, which can already be seen.Naturally, it is not patchwork, plagiarizing the previous text, but a fusion of the strengths of all the families to form a family of its own.Therefore, it must be seen in conjunction with its originality in order to see its true colors.If one-sided and side-by-side comparisons are made only from the traces on the words and sentences, the essentials will still not be obtained.