Chapter 36 The seventh floor "Red Mansion" inkstone (2)

Who is Zhiyan Zhiyanzhai’s criticism, needless to say, is directly related to Jin Renrui’s criticism of “Water Margin”, Mao Zonggang’s criticism of “Three Kingdoms”, Zhang Zhupo’s criticism, and Chen Shibin’s criticism in the early Qing Dynasty; , Mao, Zhang, and Chen are different.Jin, Mao and others are just ordinary readers, expressing their opinions on the reader's "vision"; Zhi Yanzhai is not the same, he has a very close relationship with the process of novel creation, let's roughly say: 1. Zhi Yanzhai is not a character who has nothing to do with the novel. His comments are not extraneous additions to the main text of the novel, but are regarded as an additional part of the novel by the author himself. "Jiaxu Ben" said for the first time:

Kongkong Daoist... Then he changed his name to Qingseng, and changed it to "Love Monk Record"; Wu Yufeng inscribed it; Donglu Kongmeixi wrote it as "Fengyue Baojian".Later, because Cao Xueqin read it for ten years in Mourning Hongxuan, added and deleted it five times, compiled it into a catalog, and divided it into chapters, he titled it "Jinling Twelve Beauties", and wrote a unique title...to Zhiyanzhai Jiaxu and then copied it Review, still in use. It can be seen that Zhi Yanzhai is different from Jin Renrui and others. He is a critic who has been acknowledged by the author himself and written into the text.

2. It can be seen from the above quotation that Zhiyanzhai decided to keep or change the title of the book, which is a very important matter.It can be imagined that Shi Naian would never let Jin Renrui (if they are both at the same time) decide whether his novel should be named after the three characters "Water Margin", or use other names instead of "Water Margin". 3. Zhiyanzhai decides what text to delete.As the last batch of the thirteenth chapter said: "Qin Keqing mourns in Tianxianglou", the author also uses historical pen.The old man entrusted Fengjie Jia's family with two funeral affairs because of his soul. The descendant (does it?) is where people can think of Anfu and honor to sit and enjoy; It was deleted by Qinxi.

Another one says: This time there are only ten pages, and because the section on Tianxiang Tower was deleted, four or five pages were missing. It can be seen that the author created, but he participated in the decisive opinion, and deleted ten pages from a book that was 14 or 15 pages long. 4. Zhi Yanzhai's "Fan Li" for the whole book, and general comments before and after chapters.Looking at the three volumes of "Jiaxu Edition", "Gengchen Edition" and "Qi Edition", some of the general comments made before and after the review are common to the three volumes. They are all written in ink and have the same status. (As for the unique "Qi Ben" review, it is of course possible that it was written by Zhi Yan.) However, there are several of them that were written in the "Geng Chen Ben". And some have the words "Jimao Dongye" and "Dinghai Xiajihusou" at the end. It can be seen that these general comments are also the handwriting of Zhiyan.The opening paragraph of the first chapter of the ordinary book:

The first chapter of this book is also: The author Ziyun, because he had experienced a dream, so he concealed the truth, and writing this book also... In the "Jiaxu Version", it was a general comment before returning to the main text, but it was later mistakenly included in the main text, but this large paragraph was written directly in one go with the text of "Fan Li", with the same tone and content; another example is "Fan Li" which says: It is also said that it is the thing recorded by the "stone"... However, this book is also called "Jinling Twelve Beauties", and the examination of its name must be the Jinling Twelve Women. There are more than twelve middle and lower women; if it is said that there are twelve of them, it does not mean that it is so-and-so extreme...

This is not the tone of the author himself, it should be written by Zhi Yanzhai alone. 5. Zhiyanzhai transcribed and corrected the text. "Jiaxu version" says "Zhi Yanzhai copying and re-evaluation", and "Gengchen version" also says "Qing Dynasty on the seventh day of May in the 21st year of Qianlong", which are all explanations of Zhi Yan's copying and proofreading of the text. Sixth, Zhi Yanzhai grasped the incomplete and undecided situation of the whole book, and reminded the author to make up or make a decision. Seventy-five chapters ago in the "Gengchen Book", it was recorded: "If there is a lack of Mid-Autumn Festival poems, I will wait for Xueqin."Before the seventeenth round, there was a record: "This round should be divided into two rounds." This is a clear proof of Zhi Yan's participation in the opinion.

7. Difficult allusions in Zhi Yanzhai's book (such as "Fu Rong Yi"), homophonic and hidden meanings of thin words (such as the explanation of each person's name and place name), the meaning of important names and objects, and the intention and ingenuity related to the plot of the text, All are commented and explained.This also shows that his criticism is not the "vision" and general discussion of ordinary readers, and it does have the nature of "an additional part of the main text of the novel". 8. From time to time, Zhiyanzhai expresses meanings such as "there is a deep meaning", "the deep meaning is incomprehensible to others", "only the critics know it", "it can't be hidden from the critics", "it must be hidden from the officials", and other What is the meaning of the so-called being concealed from others, and it is not clearly stated, which shows that only he and the author himself understand the reason.According to the last example, he is a critic, and he also calls readers "readers". It is obvious that he does not regard himself as a reader, but stands with the author and speaks to the "readers".

From the above eight items, we can roughly see the identity of Zhiyanzhai; he said in a comment on Cao Xueqin's mourning: From now on, I only hope that the Creator will produce another celery and fat, which is the book Fu (that is, the sub-character vulgar style, there are many examples in the batch; what was the original copying by mistake), and the rest of the two will soon be happy in Jiuquan! Judging from this tone, it can be seen that Zhi Yanzhai implicitly considers himself a part of the author, and often ranks alongside the author.It may not be too much to say that there is more or less the labor of Zhiyanzhai in the creative career.

So, who is this important Zhiyanzhai?In order to aid our research, it is necessary to pay attention to him.We also try to figure it out. Liu Quanfu's postscript "Jiaxu Version" once said: Zhiyan and Xueqin lived at the same time and witnessed all kinds of things, so they can't make assumptions when they write. He pays attention to Zhi Yan, but everything is taken for granted, and he has no way of knowing who Zhi Yan is.The relationship between Zhiyan and Xueqin is so close, is it more than just "simultaneous people"?The earliest mention of Zhiyanzhai is Siyuanzhai (Yu Rui, "Zao Chuang Xianbi").He said:

I have seen manuscripts, and the scroll-fronted version has his uncle Zhi Yanzhai's commentary, which is very accurate in citing his events in the past; he changed his name. Yu Rui was born not too late, but "Zao Chuang Xian Pen" is a very late book. Although the year of its composition cannot be tested, but the book's internal commentary and the seven sequels show that it is already something from Jiadao's time, but it was not when Li Xueqin was born. It's far away.The author discusses the last forty chapters of the Gaoben as sequels, admiring Xueqin's original works, denouncing Gao's Xuxu Diao and later "Continuing Dreams" and others as vile, extremely penetrating, sharp-eyed, and indeed the first person to verify falsehoods .But it's a pity that when he mentioned the anecdote about Xueqin's family affairs, he couldn't help but wait and see, and it wasn't entirely reliable!As far as the numbers quoted here are concerned, there are errors in them.Zhiyanzhai was originally the person who restored the name "Stone Story", but he said that the name was changed from Zhiyan, which is absurd.He said that he had seen Zhiyanzhai's comment in the manuscript, which should be true, but he only knew that the "juan forehead" eyebrow comment was "Zhiban", but he didn't know that the double-line annotation at the bottom of the sentence was even "Zhiban".He said that Zhiyan was Xueqin's uncle, and the reason for his establishment of the theory probably lies in what he said:

I heard that the so-called precious jade refers to someone from his uncle's generation, not his own portrayal. Since he believed the rumor, and saw that Zhiyan and "Baoyu" were of the same generation, he said that Zhiyan was also Xueqin's uncle.His "hearing" itself is just a disguised form of "self-legendary" (it can be called "uncle's legend"), a small change, but the essence is the same, so Si Yuanzhai deduces that Zhi Yan is "his uncle" It's just a side talk. Secondly, it is Hu Shi's "textual research".According to the "Zhi Criticism" in the "Jiaxu Version", he saw: "Zhi Yanzhai is very close to Xueqin, and is very familiar with Brother Xueqin." Because he said: "You can see that the reviewer Zhi Yanzhai He is a very close clan member of Cao Xueqin... He is probably Xueqin's first cousin or second cousin. Maybe he is the son of Cao Yong or Cao Qi. Songzhai seems to be his cousin, and Zhiyanzhai is his alias. ” When he saw the “Zhiben” of the “Gengchen Book”, he said again: Now that I have read this book, I believe that Zhiyanzhai is that Baoyu who loves to eat rouge, that is, Cao Xueqin herself. ... "Cheese inkstone" is just that stubborn stone that loves to eat rouge, and there is no doubt that it is the name of the author.