Chapter 11 The second floor of "Red Mansion" (3)

Xueqin wrote, why do you want to feature a Grand View Garden?According to Zhiyanzhai's comment, it is: "It is only for burying flowers and ears." This kind of comment is very important, but it has also been interpreted in the narrowest way, thinking that a Grand View Garden was built just to write "Daiyu". The "scenery" of "burying flowers" has been painted and acted into a very tacky trick.To understand the deep meaning of Xueqin, you must not forget the following points: (1) "Baoyu is the culmination of Zhuyan (note: that is, the word "Yanyan Tongbei"), so the Grand View Garden faces the forehead, and it must be inscribed by Brother Yu." (The 17th general batch) Baoyu witnessed Qunfang personally. The general witness of Zhu Yan's unfortunate ending, his title "Qin Fang" has no deep meaning.

(2) After Baoyu and Zhu Yan moved into the garden, the first plot scene they wrote was late spring and March. I saw only the sentence "falling red into an array", and the wind blows the flowers, and it really formed an array, because I couldn't bear to trample on it. Falling red all over the ground, but collecting flower pieces and throwing them into the Qinfang River, so that thousands of residual reds will flow away with the melting and rippling stream—this is the justice of "Qinfang". (3) Although Daiyu said that it would be better to set up another flower tomb because it was still unclean outside the garden, Xueqin still asked her to listen carefully to the heart-stirring song "Flowers Falling into Water and Flowing Red" outside the wall of Lixiangyuan, and Reminiscent of the words and phrases of predecessors such as "flowing water, falling flowers and spring gone", I can't help but feel heartbroken and unable to stand up. Let me ask: why did he write these things?Many people only focus on writing about Daiyu's state of mind, but they don't realize that under Xueqin's wonderful pen, all these are for the purpose of making a living footnote for the word "Qinfang".

"Qinfang" is unique and novel literally, but it is actually another phrase for "flowers fall and water flows red", but it is more concise and subtle.The running water drifts away from Luohong, which is a general symbol: Zhuyan gathers in the Grand View Garden, and in the end, it is just like the colorful fallen flowers, with the residual red in a mess.The fall of Qunfang is all "stained" by the stream and dies with it! This is the master key to reading. Behind Xueqin's "sweet and beautiful" words, his greatest sorrow and deepest thoughts are always hidden.

"Qinfang", the flowers fall into the water and flow red, and the flowing water falls into the flowers and the spring leaves, is the real eye of the Grand View Garden, that is, the new elegant and sad theme of the whole book.In fact, this mystery was discovered by Xinrui Prince Chunying as early as the late Qianlong period. He wrote in a poem: The paper is full of babbles, and the blood and tears of the heroes are hard to stop. Infatuation is gray and cold everywhere, and Shi is also worried when the illusion comes. I'm afraid that when spring returns, people will grow old easily, but they don't know that the water still flows when the flowers fall.

The dream of the beautiful loess is sad, and the wheat rice crows go to Guqiu. In Xueqin's book, it took "ten years of hard work" just for this magnificent and magnificent tragic theme. In the eyes of those who know it, every word is full of blood and tears.His general picture volume of "A Thousand Reds Cry" and "Wan Yan Same Sadness" also used a "love list" form at the end of the volume, from which he got the most peculiar enlightenment: write down the "Nine Grades" The rankings of the "Twelve Beauties"-principal, deputy, second deputy, third deputy, fourth deputy...and even eighth deputy, a total of 108 heroes, facing each other with the 108 green forest heroes. Compared!

Thousands of Reds, One Cave, Thousands of Beauty and the Same Cup The form and genre are a traditional Chinese chapter novel, while the content and substance are a synthesis and a collection of Chinese culture. The great attention given to novels in the history of literature is the result of being influenced by Western culture in the past hundred years; in China, they have always been called "unofficial history" and "idle books", which are books that are not elegant enough, or even "banned books" that are forbidden to be circulated and read. "(Especially teenagers are not allowed to read the novel Unofficial History, they can only secretly read it).It was once the "key" item in the banned book.Its great meaning and great value status have only been gradually realized in recent decades.

The author cites the story of Nu Wa's mythology and ancient history, and raises a series of major issues: the relationship between heaven, earth, man, and things; the origin of man; and the two manifestations of man's "spirituality": The problem of emotion and talent; the use and restraint of talent (wasting talent); the true meaning of love and the vulgar meaning; Find insights and answers in great works—at least the author's thinking and understanding. The author Cao Xueqin concentrates and concreteizes these problems, selects the experience of a stone and narrates it, which becomes a "record".

Stones are originally things, and things and people are the "two sides" of confrontation, but the author believes that things can also be "psychic" through practice, that is, they have life, perception, thoughts and feelings-things and people can communicate . This is a broad philosophy of "harmony between man and nature". The author also believes that among the various functions of "spirituality", "feeling" is the most fundamental and precious, so the book expresses "the main purpose of talking about love" shortly after the book is opened.

But because "feeling" is abstract, it cannot be a story, so this particularly precious "feeling" is described with the plot of "sorrows and joys" of many characters. However, the word "love" often causes illusions or misunderstandings for ordinary people. When "love" is mentioned, it is limited to the so-called "love" between men and women, so the author followed suit and took women as the main characters in the book. To embody what kind of realm the real "love" is, and what is the difference between it and the "love" that is often distorted and looked down upon by the common people.

Here, Cao Xueqin's unique insight is included: he especially values ​​and appreciates the true talent of his daughter-"smart and smart", which is far more than that of men.In his time, however, the situation and destiny of women was universally misfortune and tragic, which made the author develop a feeling of great compassion: especially cherish and love women. This is the painful language and declaration of "Thousands of Reds, One Cave (crying)" and "Wanyan Same Cup (sorrow)" put forward in the fifth chapter.This is the most profound true feeling of mankind, and it is also the greatest ideological realm that has appeared in the history of Chinese culture and literature.

"Thousands of Reds" and "Wan Yan" refer to their multitude, but in fact, the symbolic number of 108 women represents thousands of thousands.The synonym of the book is also called "Jinling Twelve Beauties", twelve also means many, and the twelve beauties on the ninth floor become one hundred and eight women (the traditional evaluation of characters is also divided into "nine ranks").One hundred and eight daughters are written in the book, and one hundred and eight heroes are directly opposite.Therefore, the author stated: the characters in the book are "unusual women" with "little talent and little kindness". This wording is both modest and commendable. "Twelve" is a base number in the book, and it is pointed out everywhere that it is not afraid of its reappearance, such as twelve little Taoist priests, twelve female opera singers, twelve palace flowers, twelve "Dream of Red Mansions"... even "Lengxiang Wan" "The dispensing prescription is also composed of nine twelve! There are so many daughters written, most of them are girls, concubines, big maids, and little maids—women who were subdued as slaves at the time. Then, a huge general symbolic technique was adopted: "Flowers fall into the water and flow red", "Red falls into an array", "Flowers wither and flowers fly all over the sky"--the stream of "Qinfang", where the water passes and the flowers flow, the fragrance is all gone! A close-up of the "Flower Festival", it seems lively and prosperous, but it is deeply mourning. Looking at the evaluation from this point, not only is it unprecedented in the history of Chinese thought and literature, it is also unique among all speeches and writings. Re-interpretation of the sixteen-character mantra of "Kongkong" In the past, I tried to explain Xueqin's sixteen-character mantra of "Kong Kong", but now I want to repeat the old saying.Because this is the "soul" of - Seeing form because of emptiness, giving birth to emotion from color, conveying emotion into color, self-color and Wukong. It is as wonderful as a chain, and the sound is like a warbler. If you are not a person of great wisdom, how can you say a word.For ordinary people in my generation, if we try to find out, of course we can only touch the candle and knock on the plate.