Chapter 9 The second floor of the original purpose of "Red Mansion" (1)

Cao Xueqin said from the cloud: "The main purpose is to talk about love." Lu Xun's title said: "Novels of Human Love in the Qing Dynasty." Mr. Lu Xun's title is an original famous saying that corrects the phrase "talking about love with the main purpose". This book also interprets Lu Xun's famous saying and declares as follows—— What is "humanity"?Man is the "spirit of all things" who communicates with each other through emotion.The affection of old friends is precious in the sentient beings, and affection is the spirituality of "psychic communication". The so-called "spiritual intelligence" is the essence of human spirit.

If there are sentient beings, then I and people, things and I are all one, caring for and comforting each other.This "love" is broad, which is what Xueqin cherishes most, and he called the so-called "love" between men and women today as "personal love between children and daughters" to show his separation. Therefore, Lu Xun was the most understanding master at the beginning of the 20th century. Love in "Red Mansion" is the most profound true love.Love to the extreme, infatuated, persevering, forgetting oneself and being a human being, not knowing what selfishness is, and not knowing what fame and fortune are good for - such a person who is "unwisdom" and "wisdom" is called "love obsession".

The protagonist in the book takes this as his character in life. Therefore, Baoyu is called "a thousand reds cry (cave)", and "wanyan shares sorrow (cup)". The poem says: There is a special chapter on the topic of love and cost considerations, and the master's advice. "Human feelings" should not be interpreted as "romantic feelings", all kinds of beauty can always hurt. It is a sage to understand love and infatuation, mourn for him and pity him. Where there is no fragrant grass in the world, this is the first chapter of Hongmeng. huge symbol

What is a symbol?According to the current version of "Ci Hai", the definition is as follows: Use concrete things to express some abstract concepts or thoughts and feelings. A method of expression in literary creation.Refers to implying another thing or a more general meaning through a specific specific image, using the similarity or connection between the symbol and the symbolized content under specific experience conditions to make the latter get a strong expression. I am very afraid of reading this kind of "scientific abstract thinking" and "theoretical terms", and feel that it is long-winded and confused.For the convenience of the moment, I venture to create a simple and easy-to-understand explanation: "The symbol is taken from the object to represent the characteristics of a person or thing (environment)."

Symbols contain metaphorical elements, but metaphors do not always constitute symbols.For example, when Li Wan is said to be a "Buddha", it means that she doesn't know anything about every question, has nothing to contend with, and is "aloof from everything else"... This is just a metaphor, and "Buddha" cannot be her "symbol".When Qunfang's night banquet was held, Li Wan stretched out his hand, and what he got was an old plum (the flower is famous for wine chips). The plum branch was engraved on the front, and an ancient poem "I am willing to live in a bamboo fence hut" was engraved on the back. is her symbol.The distinction between the two is indeed subtle.

In the sixty-third chapter (the number of "seven nines"), writing this major event echoes the twenty-seventh "Flower Preservation" event, which is wonderful!Each lottery that is drawn is symbolized by famous flowers: Xiangyun is crabapple, Tanchun is red apricot, Daiyu is hibiscus, Baochai is peony, Xiren is peach blossom... Finally, Musk Moon is Fengmei !This is so beautiful.This is pure and simple symbolism.In fact, in Chinese novels, nicknames and nicknames for characters are all so-called symbols today, and they are not new. Readers can understand these, so there is no need to talk about them.When researchers analyze Xueqin's art, if they use symbols, they can't deviate from this good example.It's not bad.However, in the book "Red Mansion", there is another general and extra-large symbol, which the commentators have ignored. This can also be compared to a common saying: "Pick sesame seeds on the small roads, and sprinkle sesame oil on the roads." got huge.

If you ask: What is the meaning of this overall big symbolic side?Then I would like to say: It is the lifeblood of the Grand View Garden, which twists and turns through the whole garden, reflecting the name of the stream that reflects the pavilions and pavilions everywhere—Qinfang! How did the word "Qinfang" come from?It is worth elaborating a few words from the "fundamental". It turns out that the whole part, up to the eighteenth chapter (the number of "Twenty Nine") is a major chapter: Yuan Concubine Visiting Relatives.The 17th and 18th chapters of the ancient version are connected without distinction. It is a "long chapter". It is a well-known story of "testing talent and matching questions".In this scene, Baoyu's "biased talent" is displayed for the first time.Although there are many couplet plaques mentioned by Baoyu that day, there is a climax, which is to give a good name to the first main scene after entering the park-a bridge pavilion built for pressing water.This story is the most fascinating and intriguing to write.try--

It was when Jia Zheng saw the garden for the first time, he was very happy, went up to the bridge pavilion, sat on the railing, and said to the surrounding guests, "Why do you ask this?" It should be noted that this sentence alone is to draw out a theme and purpose of this general book. What everyone answered was to quote the famous article "Drunkard Pavilion" written by Song Xian Ouyang Xiu, and proposed to name it "Yiran Pavilion".Jia Zheng disagreed, pointing out that this is a water pavilion. How can the name be separated from the water and just describe the appearance (old cliché)?I also followed the original quotation of Ou Ji, and came up with a word "Xie", and another Qing Kezu became the new name of the word "Xieyu"!

Gentlemen, how do you appreciate the beauty of brushstrokes?It is urgent to "grasp" this key paragraph and ponder it carefully-this "Xieyu" is really many times better than the "Yiran" (only describing the "flying eaves" of the building) just now!And this good name, even if it can't be said to be beautiful, but it comes from the inspiration of the "political elder" who lacks ingenuity and is not good at rhetoric. However, Du Du Baoyu put forward sharp criticisms under the situation of Jia Zheng showing his talents and everyone agreeing.

Baoyu said: First, Ougong used the word "Xie" in the sentence "Xie between the two peaks" that day, which is very appropriate; it is not good to apply it here today.Second, this garden is a family-speaking villa, and the inscription should be in line with the style of "responsiveness". If the word "Xie" is used, it would be too crude and indecent. He said in a word: "Please draw up something more subtle and subtle." Please note: Baoyu did not object to the idea of ​​"Xieyu", that is, the connotative meaning, but only commented on the wrong cultural level of its wording, which caused a great flaw in the artistic conception.

At this point, Jia Zhengfang said: "How do you listen to this discussion?"It doesn't work even if you say it, so let's listen to what you propose. In this way, the literary heart and brushstrokes are advanced layer by layer, and then the theme is "forced", and the naming of Baoyu is calmly (really surprisingly) displayed in front of us. Baoyu said: instead of using "Xieyu", how about replacing it with the word "Qinfang", wouldn't it be new and elegant? ! That strict father, who never pretended to be false, couldn't restrain his inner surprise and appreciation after hearing this - but on the outside, he could only "nod his beard and say nothing"!Many readers today are not "sensitive" to this, and regard it as common language, which is not surprising; but those Qing people in those days saw through the "silence" of the political elders, which was the "highest expression" of praise, so " They are all busy catering, and praise Baoyu for his extraordinary talent." You see, the word "Qinfang" was "introduced" in this way.