Chapter 83 Discovery and Cracking Down on Counterfeiting

The "Twin Towers" edition of "Taiyuan Daily" is willing to benefit academic discussions with a few thousand words of space, and the scope includes the exploration of red studies. I don't know how many city-level daily newspapers across the country can do this?Fills my heart with respect.Comrade Pei Zhi's kindness, asking me to participate in the debate, I really shouldn't live up to this precious page and "hand in a blank paper", so I sweated my pen to pay my humble intentions - in Xueqin's words, it is "to try to get rid of the foolish heart" up.

What is Tanyi doing?And why explore it? Exploring Yi is to find the truth, and to find the truth is also to fight against fakes. The term "cracking down on counterfeiting" is popular among people nowadays, which is crisp, vigorous and flavorful.People know that fake things must be beaten hard - fake name tags, fake banknotes, fake medicines, fake jewelry... Even the traffic police and soldiers have come out to fake them, which is a disaster for the country and the people. ! However, the first-class treasures in Chinese culture also have fakes, so people don’t care so much. It seems that whether to fight or not is irrelevant to the overall situation. It’s a trivial matter, and some people even don’t know how to distinguish fakes—and even claim that the fakes are not fakes. , saying that it is a "crime" to split Cheng Gaoben's 120 chapters "full book" into the first 80 chapters and the last 40 chapters!

In this way, seekers who seek out the truth and expose the falsehood should be severely beaten!You see, are things in the field of our Chinese culture strange or not?No wonder Zhiyanzhai has long criticized: "Three thousand fakes are sold in one day, but not one real one can be sold in three days!" I think that "three days" is not right, it should be changed to "three years" or "three centuries" That's the truth.Tanyixue, a brand-new branch of Redology, has been established in recent years.Some people didn't understand, some objected, and some ridiculed it, thinking that it was purely out of thin air, which was nothing more than fortune-telling.All new knowledge survives and develops in the sound of being "besieged from all sides", and Tanyi Xue is no exception.When I prefaced "Exploring the Lost Stories of Stones" for Professor Liang Guizhi, I predicted that this study would be a new discipline with the most vitality in red studies.Facts have proved that to be true.In just a short period of ten years, Tanyuology has been manifested in various forms in the field of culture and learning, and it is no longer a solitary tree without a forest, and it is difficult to sing with the palm of the hand.Natural scientists, literary and artistic creators also joined our "team" "uninvited". Can "Chu Ge" frighten the prosperity of a kind of real vitality of the humanities?It doesn't seem scary.A truly vital cultural undertaking has its own law of gradual development.The law is often not a straight line, there are ups and downs, twists and turns, and difficulties and obstacles, but the "general arrow" points forward and upward.Tan Yi Xue started not too long ago, and the results have exceeded the original estimate.But it is far from entering a mature period, only a preliminary stage.This is still a very special kind of bold and tentative work with "pioneering nature".It wants to cut mountains and open roads, and walk out of a bumpy path that did not exist before.

This small group of "cutting mountains and opening roads" work teams is not yet strong, and it is a bit "not yet formed".What is more worthy of attention is that they are not "organizations" or "institutions". They can only "do their own thing" and explore with their own talents and ideas, and they have no experience, guidance, etc. to help them follow. This situation is so obvious that there is no need to exaggerate it.Because of this, my "attitude" towards Tanyuology has naturally formed two characteristics: one is encouragement, and the other is tolerance.

Encouragement has a double meaning: I have seen articles and writings of the nature of exploration, and I have been encouraged first, and I have also expressed encouragement to the author.Tolerance is to refrain from the idea of ​​"seeking perfection and blaming". From a general perspective, there is one merit, that is, to forgive the inadequacies in the details.In other words, don't be too demanding on others, and never throw cold water on others prematurely. Why?Because it is too difficult and too simple to find a student who is willing to fight fakes. I can't bear to "hurt" him-depress his spirit and lose his interest.

Is this "indulgence" because we know otherwise?maybe.First, the so-called "otherwise" is measured by your own size, and you should not be overly confident about this size.Second, even if your own size is a bit accurate, you should also consider a sufficient dialogue atmosphere for academic exchanges. You should only "click" and "photograph" gently in a tactful way, hoping that he can understand himself and take care of himself without waiting to break the melon seeds , chewing tasteless. In the depths of this "mentality", there is another reason——

I always think that even if there are still some flaws or problems in a specific lost work, the "truth" it finds is not equal to the truth of Xueqin's original work, and it is more "true" than Cheng Gao's pseudo-continuation "Good" should be "true", because Cheng Gao is a fake with ulterior motives, and the untruth of this exploration is only a problem of insufficient academic ability, thinking ability, comprehension, and wisdom. The nature of the two is completely different. Yes, and the inauthenticity of the latter is, after all, due to the lack of ability of the truth-seekers, rather than "unpredictable intentions" (Mr.

Furthermore, the results of exploring the lost are naturally high and low, with gains and losses, right and wrong, but why is this not the case in other research fields?Is there only a new study of exploring the lost?Is it fair and proper to treat it with a premature and harsh attitude?Of course, the arguments and preliminary results put forward by the explorers cannot be guaranteed to be true to Xueqin’s original work. It is no wonder that they are frivolous and a blow to the head, because no matter how "untrue" their exploration results are, they will always be given to the world. For more than two hundred years, people who have been blinded by the cage of Cheng Gao's pseudo-continuation deception have provided new ideas, new ideas, and new realms-this first creates a cage that can and should be broken "Awakening" effect.This function may not be understood by ordinary people at once, but it is really a very important factor for cracking down on fakes and seeking truth, and it would be wrong to despise it.

The above is my "general policy" or "fundamental principle" for all scholars who are willing to devote themselves to exploring the lost. Based on this policy principle, I pay respect to Zhang Zhi, Zhou Yuqing, Liu Xinwu, the writers of the ending part of the TV drama, Zhang Shuoren from overseas, and other workers who explore the lost, and admire their courage and perseverance. The "challenge" of defying the world's dissatisfaction, or even "offending the public's anger", is not a trivial matter that everyone can affirm.As for the level of their knowledge, the correctness of their understanding, the amount of spirituality, the pros and cons of their handwriting...that is a completely different point of view and scope of evaluation. They will all be entangled together, short and long, then they will be caught in the "mess" and "maze", and nothing can be involved-nothing can be cleared. As a result, those who oppose Tanyi Just grasping the good "handle" that you "taught" yourself, saying that what you explored is so messy, so nonsense, and so out of date.

With fifty years of experience, I know that there are tens of thousands of people who love and care about Hongxue, but there are very few scholars who can really do the work of exploring the lost.Finding such talents and cultivating such talents is not an easy task.Therefore, I especially cherish this kind of talent - thus the psychological attitude of "tolerance" was born. Tolerance does not mean agreeing to all random guesses and chaos.In addition to that, when the "size" of thinking and proof-seeking methods is different from your own, you should advocate "tolerance" and avoid self-righteousness and arrogance, so that you can make others follow you.After all, people are also "the words of the family" [Note 1], why must "I" come here?To give a small example, when I published an article reviewing Wang Xianghao's "A New Exploration of a Dream of Red Mansions" in "Wenhui Po · Reading Weekly", I gave it a high evaluation from the overall situation, but I did not mention my different views on his individual research; My husband thinks that Baochai died in the snow.This argument is obviously based on the "jade belt hanging in the forest and golden hairpin buried in the snow" in the verdict of the fifth booklet.But the problem is: if you follow this method of reasoning, you should draw another conclusion at the same time: "Lin Daiyu was hanged on a tree."But no one has mentioned that, so why?It shows that Mr. Wang's examination may not be appropriate, but I don't want to say too much [Note 2].Because, Mr. Wang at least shows one thing: the "end" of Baochai in Cheng Gao's fake continuation is a big deception.This also played a preliminary role in cracking down on counterfeiting.As for what it is, you can discuss and discuss it calmly, and gradually find the true understanding and the real state.

I have stated the above point of clumsiness with my friends in the correspondence; but I think that if we do not focus on Daduan, but get involved in these trivial matters, it will be greatly detrimental to the prosperity and development of Tanyixue. . What I mean, maybe it can also be said to be a kind of painstaking effort?Naturally, some people would disagree with this painstaking effort.However, if he can think about it: Cheng Gao’s pseudo-continued culture has been pernicious for more than two hundred years, and it is still tolerated and praised by people until today, and it is praised as "great" than the original work. Wouldn't it be impossible to adopt some moderate tolerance for the unexplored study of the lost?Aren't we advocating a good style of study that is scientific and reasonable? Although the new subject of Tanyi has not been established for a long time, its roots are also long. In fact, since the publication of Cheng Gaoben in the late Qianlong period, it has aroused scholars' thinking. In addition to the "Complete Version", there is another kind of old manuscript, which has about 16 volumes and about 30 chapters in total. The content is completely different from Cheng Gao's version.Some of this kind of manuscripts are called "different editions" and some are called "old authentic editions".Although some people do not believe that it is the original work of Xueqin (thought it is also a kind of "sequel"), the recorder put forward the term "authentic version", but it is very important. The explanation is "curiosity", but the fact that the "authentic version" is put forward really reflects the understanding and requirements of the literati readers at that time to seek the truth and fight against fakes!This point is the most important thing in the history of Chinese novels (cultural history). If you ignore its significance, you can only fall into the cultural level of "reading idle books to relieve boredom". I myself have "stumbled" in the "pit of textual research" of Hongxue for nearly half a century. I don't know why those who are addicted to it?Looking back now, it turned out that Mr. Hu Shi was arguing about the authenticity of the version, which aroused my great wish and devotion to find out the era, family background, life, thoughts, and writings of the real author Cao Xueqin.Until the publication of my book "A Dream of Red Mansions" in 1953, the critics praised it a lot, and Hui Yiya, who praised it, said that "the material is still rich" (how glorious!), but no one said "Xin Zheng" The only and all-inclusive purpose is to find the truth and crack down on fakes.What's even more strange is that it was wrong to seek the truth, and it was even more wrong to crack down on fakes. I made a mistake in exposing and criticizing Cheng Gao's fake book-"too extreme". On the issue of authenticity, there are still comments on whether it is "extreme" or not, so it can be seen that the anti-"eclecticism" has been opposed for many years in vain. Should fake ones be criticized or praised?I think there must be absolutely no confusion on this issue.I "confessed" the above thoughts just to show that my attitude towards Tanxue has its roots—there is no other intention. From my own experience, Tanyi has no mystery or mystery at all, and it is not "superstitious and deceptive" as understood by those who ridicule "divination".The main basis for the exploration is Xueqin's brushwork and Zhiyanzhai's criticism.In addition, refer to the poems and essays of people who have seen the real version and the different version.A major feature of Xueqin's brushwork is that the "leisure text" in the front is full of underlines in the later text. Fuxian, that is, the method of "grass snake gray line, volt pulse thousands of miles", this method is unique in Chinese novels, and Xueqin has developed it to the level of exquisite wonders, which is unmatched by all!Mr. Lu Xun was the first to understand this essential point, so when he evaluated the sequel, he clearly stated that it should be based on whether it is in line with the original book or not, and this should be used as the size standard (see Chapter 24).In fact, this is the fundamental reason and scientific basis for the emergence and establishment of Tanyuology.The kind of ridicule that is called "divination" is probably caused by the lack of ability to understand these principles, so they speak frivolously and "witty words". They really didn't understand Xueqin's pen. We should learn from Lu Xun.Zhipi is just a casual writing, and occasionally misses a bit of it, but it makes us feel the depths of the hills and valleys, and the scenes are layered.Zhiyan is not a "sell-off", playing tricks on mystery and "suspense" to tantalize people, not at all; it is just because she deeply feels that the ups and downs of the two stories echo each other, and the plot is infinitely sighing, and it involves the after-story that she is familiar with. Some facts about the article——she commented on the undamaged whole of the original book at that time, and naturally she never expected that the whole would suffer a catastrophe and future generations would not be able to see the second half of it!This is the reality of the nature and situation of that sporadic contingency.She didn't and didn't need (unexpectedly) to provide future generations with detailed "materials" of "sources of books". Because of this, the combination of the suggestiveness of the lines and the contingency of the markings makes it necessary for those who devote themselves to the work of searching for lost information to seek correct understanding and deciphering of them. What's more, it's not only the exploration of individual characters and events, but also requires the overall thinking of the huge and complicated combination structure-it is the most abundant and magnificent whole, which is not comparable to fragmented novels of general length.Because of this important reason, we cannot use reasonable and reasonable "supplements" such as reasoning, imagination, and assumptions to connect those lines and revelations. Such imaginations and hypotheses are different from random guesses, but a manifestation of the accumulated results of research; it is not a conclusive conclusion, but it is actually a preliminary and quite possible step or ladder to find the truth, even if it has not reached The top is up, but it has pointed to the goal and is close to the goal. These so-called imaginations and hypotheses are not born in the air, they are spiritual and intellectual activities produced after long-term, repeated, and in-depth pondering of the original work by scholars with insight. When the word "playful" is mentioned, this touches on the most critical characteristics of Chinese culture and literature. "Hanying Juhua", Juhan is to play with its biggest and most beautiful characteristics. The beauty of this kind of characteristics will never be understood by people who don't know how to play. He will think that such truths and facts do not exist in the world. Some of the lines of ambush are very clear, but if you don't play with it, it is tantamount to setting up ambush with painstaking care, and everything is in vain, turning into nothing.For example, Xueqin's original book "Love List", originally derived from "Water Margin", specially uses 108 "powder heroes" (Qin Keqing's words) and 108 "green forest heroes" to form a wonderful aesthetics of confrontation, and he wrote 108 Woman, as early as the opening of the book, she set up a foreshadowing, saying that Wa refined the big stone, the high scripture was 12 feet, the square scripture was 24 feet, and the Zhibu pointed it out: "Twelve, it should be the number of the main hairpin, and twenty-four, it should be the number of the deputy hairpin"— —The twenty-four is the length of one side of the square, and the length of the four sides is 24×4=96. ...To sum it up as "vice") there are ninety-six digits, and ninety-six plus twelve (96+12=108) just happens to be a large number of one hundred and eight (12, the extreme number of yin, 9, the number of yang The extreme, when the two are multiplied together, it represents "the most", and it is a symbolic number, which makes it difficult to see as a real number). The 108 women are all unfortunate and miserable. This is the general purpose of the book "Thousands of Reds - Cave (Crying)" and "Wan Yan Tong Cup (Sorrow)", big thoughts, deep feelings, and wonderful pen and ink. Therefore, our discovery is not "divination", and it is a major task outside of finding the truth and cracking down on fakes by being frivolous. We have not been able to find all the truths, but we have indeed found some parts of many truths, and this has already played a very powerful role in suppressing fakes.As for the writer Liu Xinwu's research on Qin Keqing, I was the first to express my support, thinking that this is what I should do.My motivation is still the general root of that fifty years.What Xinwu wrote is a novel, I absolutely do not presume any word from a literary point of view, and I agree with his exploration of Keqing's suspicious case.At present, I do not want to comment on his new research trends.Professor Liang Guizhi hoped that he would pay attention to the word "degree". This is also a golden word and a good example of being kind to others. I would not regard kindness as "cold water".Difficult study of redness and study of lost knowledge!It's not easy for you, you have listened to more "Eight Paintings and Songs of Embarrassment" than "Four Sides".Let’s grow healthily and robustly with sunlight, fertilizer, and care. What a precious and unremitting academic study of seeking truth and fighting fakes that is necessary in Chinese culture. Let’s strive for the care and support of more scholars and readers. The Jiaxu July Hungry Ghost Festival is over with sweat ~~~~~~~~ [Note 1] "The words of a family" was originally a very high evaluation, which means that the writing can become a family of its own, which can be regarded as a school of its own.Today it is reversed as "only his personal opinion". [Note 2] It is suspected that Mr. Wang was influenced by Wu Shichang on this point, but it is actually impossible to continue.Zhipi has already pointed out that these two sentences actually mean "born in a different place", and Xueqin's main theme together with "born in a different time".