Chapter 88 (14) Comments on Yuan Mei's Poems (1)

(Yuan Mei) Eight words in "Suiyuan Poetry Talk": "Canglang borrowed Zen to describe his poems, but there is only one style in the poems. It is suitable to write short chapters in close style, half swallowed and half spoken, in order to seek charm. If you write seven ancient novels, five words Baiyun, that is to say, is a metaphor of Zen. Since the demons of the sky danced, the flowers and rain filled the sky, and it is not too many to build 84,000 pagodas, how can it be a small supernatural power." Volume 3 of "Addendum" quotes Mei Chong's "Poetry and Buddha Songs" as an imitation this. "Addendum" Volume 1 says: "Ruan Ting likes to compare poetry with Zen comprehension, and I refute it: Mao's three hundred poems are not perfect. I don't know where Zen is at that time, and where Buddha is." Unreasonable guesses, followed by strong words and unreasonable words.The dance of the heavenly demon and the fall of the smallpox must also be realized after enlightenment.Having attained fundamental purity and tranquility, as a base to rely on, to make thoughts; to make thoughts from the ground of concentration, to understand the mind, to know the Dharma, to practice the twelve thoughts of lightness, softness, and emptiness, and so on. Cultivate one's mind, sometimes there are points, and the five supernatural powers of cultivating fruit will occur.This holy supernatural power is not a holy supernatural power, it is like an illusion, it can only be seen, and it is not practical.Visit Volume 33 of "Yogi's Land Treatise". The third volume of "Five Lanterns Huiyuan" Pang Jushi verse ②: "The mind is clear and the law is also clear, and the whereabouts are broken eighteen.

But there is no hindrance to one's own mind, so why worry about being incomprehensible. "Gai calmly illuminates things, remembers fate, and all kinds of distinctions follow the power of concentration; when he realizes the Tao, he enters the Buddha's position, and all actions are solemn, like a Damani pearl with ten kinds of nature. , is contrary to the true interest, and can hinder Prajna. Visit "Zongjinglu" Volume 15③. Take "Small Flowers and Heavenly Demons" as poems, and Yuan Xiang called Du's poems "extravagant parallelism". Zhengyishan's "On Poetry Quatrains" : "Shaoling has its own Lianchengbi, and it is also the one who competes for the knowledge of Naiwei". ④. Zicai knows the fun, nothing is the same. Canglang's talent is very short, and he has his own disease of focusing on the close body; so "Poetry Law" Chapter 5: "The law is more difficult than the ancients, and it is definitely more difficult than the law. ""Shi Bian" discusses the nine grades of poetry, and the fifth is "long", which does not necessarily refer to the length of the text; The more there is no room for manoeuvre, the less room for redress. According to Jiang Xinyu’s good friend Zhang Shoutong Shangyan, "Zhuyechang Anthology" Volume 9 "Ti Wang Ruan Ting Zen Pleasure Picture" first poem ⑥:

"Yan Canglang's poems are based on true nature and wonderful comprehension. It can be a small piece, and it is full of emotion." The second poem says slightly: "Tao Gong has lived for thousands of years, and he recited it like the taste of bean millet. Bean millet is not a Zen joy, and a full stool fills the stomach. Tang Xian satirized Shang Shang, but lengthy words are wasted. Old Du gave birth to Tianbao, and he made a meal with a meal. This is not what he did, and he can judge the quality." That is, Suiyuan's purpose to refute Canglang. (198-199 pages) ("Suiyuan Poetry Talk") Juan Sifu said: "Chan Master Baiyun said in a verse: 'Flies love to drill on the light-seeking paper, and can't get through many difficulties. Suddenly bumping into the way they came, I feel that I have been deceived all my life." Xuedou The Zen master wrote a gatha saying: "A rabbit crossed its body on the ancient road, and the goshawk caught it alive when it saw it; later, the hounds had no spirituality, and they searched for the old place of the dry tree." Although the two verses are Zen words, they are quite compatible with the purpose of the poem." Visit the volume. Two: "There is no one who can become a poet without learning from the ancients, but good scholars forget to sign when they catch fish, and bad scholars carve their boats and ask for swords" and so on.

It is no different from other sects such as "antelope hanging horns", "fragrant elephant crossing the river", and "shelving a raft to land on the shore". It is clear that Zen is used to describe poetry, so why is it unique to Canglang and Yuyang?Zi Cai is not good at Shi Shi, or he has not read his books. Gou once checked the two records of "Chuan Deng", and he must print more.For example, Taohuang Village's saying "grinding bricks to make needles" is the saying of Zen Master Wu Huairang in the volume of "Zhuan Deng Lu", "How can you grind bricks to make a mirror, and how can you become a Buddha by sitting in meditation"8; Zen master Jiushenzan saw his master reading scriptures under the window⑨ one day, and the bee touched the window paper to ask for it, and said: "The world is so vast, and I refuse to come out. If you drill his old paper, you will get it in the year of the donkey"; Xuedou's verse That is to say, the seventeenth volume of "Biography of the Lantern Records", the Zen master said ⑩: "Like a good hunting dog, you can only find the traces; when you encounter an antelope hanging horns, you don't know the traces, and you don't know the breath." You don't know Zen, so They don't know that Zen is not Zen, and they return to the same path, and they don't know that it is not Zen but actually fits the ear of Zen.Yu Nian read "Shi Shuo Xin Yu? Literature" article ⑾: "When a guest asks those who are not satisfied with the order, Le also no longer analyzes the sentences, but directly checks the number with the end of the dust, saying: 'To not.' The guest said:' To.' Le Yin raised the dust again and said: 'If it arrives, it has to go.' So the guest is enlightened"; and said: "Yin Jingzhou and Yuan Gong discussed "Yi", Yuan Gong laughed and didn't answer."

⑿; also said: "Zhi Daolin made "Ji Se Lun" ⒀, showing Wang Tanzhi⒁, Tanzhi was speechless.Zhi said: "It's almost silent. ’ Wang said: ‘Without Manjusri⒂, who can see rewards. '" Stealing monsters without saying a word, responding with wit, is a Zen technique after the Tang Dynasty. At that time, Bodhidharma had not yet come to the east⒃, so why should it be possible? Later, Liu Chenweng in the Song Dynasty criticized the "Shi Shuo" and commented on Le Ling Juchen Tiao Yun: "At this time, the Taoists don't know this.This generation of Zen is also before Bodhidharma. "Visiting "Wenhai Pisha" Volume 1 discusses the word "purpose" as "finger", and "Yu Gangzhai Pen Chen" Volume 1 refutes the theory of Zen mechanism⒄. It is a wonderful solution. There is no Zen, there is Zen mechanism, and Taoists are like branches Lang, that is, he can’t undertake it now, but it needs to be proposed. Liu Yin and Huan Xuanwu listened to the "Book of Rites" together in "Shi Shuo? Words"⒅. " "Northern Window Sunburn" volume download Zhou Zhengfu cloud ⒆: "Yuanming's poem says: 'The mountain air is beautiful every day and night, and the birds return with each other; 'When Bodhidharma did not come to the west, Yuanming would meet Zen in the morning" and so on. Zicai asked "Where is Zen?" Sincerely, he didn't see it widely. (201-202 pages)

("Suiyuan Poetry Talk") Juan 14 says: "Yan Dongyou often recites Li Taihong's "Ganjiu" cloud⒇: "Zhu Lan is dead now, let alone people who lean on the fence"; it can be said to be deeply affectionate. Yu said: This is also true. Ouyang Zhan's "Huai prostitute" says (21): "The high city cannot be seen, let alone the people in the city." According to Zhan's poem, it is titled "Thoughts on the way to Taiyuan at the beginning", and the original sentence reads: "Drive the horse to feel far away, Long road dust back.The high city is gone, and the people in the city are gone. "Ming is longing for the distant road, hating the barrier of space, chasing after the present, and regretting the passing of time, there is a big difference. Dongpo's "Hengcui Pavilion of Fahui Temple" says: "How long can the railings be obtained? It’s not just that people are easy to grow old by leaning on the fence”; Gou Yue said that the last second sentence of Taihong’s "Tibi of the Lake Tower" "has a foundation", which should be regarded as a poem. (213-214 pages)

Gai Zili said, every time for the sake of gaining a quick moment, he would go too far and overcorrect; even if a hero deceives others, he may not be satisfied.For example, Juan 4 says (22): "Today's people discuss poetry, and the words are noble and humble. I don't know whether it should be thick or thin, but the focus is on subtlety. It is based on two things: foxes and raccoons are valuable and thick, and sharks are valuable and thin. Material theory: the back of a knife is thicker, and the blade is thinner. Seeing that the thick one is expensive, and the thin one is cheap. The poems of the ancients, Shaoling seems thick, Taibai seems thin, Yishan seems thick, Feiqing seems thin, all of them are famous" (23) and so on. "Huainanzi? Qi Su Xun" said early (24): Thick, and the horns are not tired of thin" (25), Zicai has exquisite words, and then makes a policy on "one thing". However, the thick poems may not be better than the thin ones, and the wonderful poems must be thicker than the bad ones. For example, Zicai cited "famous masters", and Feiqing came down to Yishan to be the first; Zicai also said to himself: "Shaoling is good at romance, but Taibai can't"; Juan VI.

On Wangxi Ruan Pavilion (26), it is said that "one generation is authentic, but its talents are weak"; volume two.Lun Jinggong also said: "Poetry is precious and gentle." Volume six.It can be seen that the noble and the humble are the same, and Qu's heart is just the same.That is to say, as far as the analogy is concerned, Anjian poetry is not a fox or a raccoon dog.A sword with a back and a front is definitely better than a sword with a front but no back.Jia Yi's "New Book? Lianyu" records that Tao Zhugong said that "the thick side will double the price" (27), because he said: "The wall is thin and it will be destroyed, the silk will be cracked when it is thin, the utensils will be destroyed when it is thin, and the wine will be sour when it is thin. (28). There are almost no ones who are weak and protracted." Yunyun.Poetry is one of the immortal words, which is what Jia Sheng called "long-lasting". (Pages 218-219) ① "Yogi's Land Theory": One of the five great treatises of Maitreya Bodhisattva, translated by Tang Xuanzang, 100 volumes.

② "Five Lanterns Huiyuan": written by Song Shi Puji, 20 volumes. ③ "Zongjinglu": Buddhist books, written by Zen Master Wu Yue Yanshou, 100 volumes. ④ Yuan Haowen, a poet of the Yuan Dynasty (styled Yuzhi, named Yishan), refers to Tang Yuanzhen (styled Weizhi)'s comment on Du Fu in the "Preface to the Inscription of the Tomb" written by Tang Yuanzhen (styled Weizhi) for Du Fu (named Shaoling Yelao). ⑤ "Poetry Law": one of Yan Yu's "Canglang Poetry Talk", which is divided into five chapters, and there are also "Poetry Ci", "Poem Style", "Poetry Review", and "Poetry Evidence".

⑥Zhang Shoutong: Zhang Xun, a literati in the Qing Dynasty, was named Shangyan and named Shoutong. There are 33 volumes of "Zhuyechang Anthology". ⑦ "Chuan Deng Lu": Also known as "Jingde Chuan Deng Lu", written by Song Shidao, 30 volumes. "Jianzhong Jingguo Xudenglu", compiled by Song Shiwei in 30 volumes, is the work of Sudaoyuan, so it is called "Two Records of Chuandeng". ⑧Tao Huang Village: Qing Tao Yuanzao.There are fifty-four volumes of "Quanzhe Shihua".Huairang: The 33rd Patriarch Huineng, the Dharma descendant of Zen Master Nanyue, whose original surname is Du.Habitat Hengshan Banruo Temple. Volume 5 of "Chuan Deng Lu": There is a Samana who sits in meditation, "The teacher asked:

'What does the great virtue zazen look like? One said: "Picture to be a Buddha." The master took a brick and ground it on the stone in front of the nunnery.One said: "What does the teacher do?" ’ The master said: ‘Grind it into a mirror. One said: "How can grinding bricks become a mirror evil?" The master said: "How can sitting in meditation become a Buddha evil?" '" ⑨Godly Praise: Chan Master Huairang, the third Dharma heir, Chan Master Fuchuan Guling, lives in Dazhong Temple. Volume 9 of "Chuan Deng Lu": "The teacher was reading the scriptures under the window another day, and the bee threw the paper out of the window to ask for it. The teacher saw it and said: 'The world is so vast, and he refuses to come out. Drill his old paper, and the year of the donkey will go away!'" "This is what Shen Zan said after he met monk Baizhang and became enlightened after he received his karma. 10 Daoying: Qingyuan V, Zen master Yunju in Hongzhou, originally surnamed Wang. Volume 17 of "Chuan Deng Lu": "Ask: 'How is it when the wanderer returns home?' The master said: 'I am happy to return.' Said: 'What will you dedicate?' The master said: 'Three thousand in the morning and eight hundred in the evening. ’ The master said to the crowd and said: ‘Like a good hunting dog, you only know how to find a trace, but when you suddenly meet an antelope hanging its horns, what will you do?’ The master said: ‘Six six thirty-six. :'No.' The master said: 'There is no way, no trace.'" ⑾: Compiled by Liu Yiqing of Song Dynasty in the Southern and Northern Dynasties, three volumes, thirty-six articles, "Xuexue" is the title of the article. ⑿ Yin Jingzhou: Jin Yin Zhongkan, tried to supervise the Jingzhou military.Yuangong: The Samana Shi Huiyuan, originally surnamed Jia. ⒀ "Ji Se Lun": written by Jin Shi Zhi Dun (word Daolin). ⒁Wang Tanzhi: General of Jinzhong Lang, with a word of Wendu. ⒂ Manjusri: Manjusri from Tianzhu, that is, Manjusri, the name of Buddha and Bodhisattva, serves the Buddha around him, and has a deep understanding of Buddhism. ⒃ Bodhidharma: A native of India, that is, Bodhidharma Bodhidharma, who entered China during the Liang Dynasty and faced the wall of the Shaolin Temple in Songshan Mountain for nine years. He is the first ancestor of Zen in China. ⒄ "Wenhai Pisha": written by Ming Xie Zhaozhe, eight volumes. "Yu Gangzhai Brush Dust": written by Ming Wang Kentang, four volumes. ⒅ Liu Yin: Liu Yin of the Jin Dynasty, with a really long character, tried to be Danyang Yin.Huan Xuanwu: Huan Wen, general of Jin Zhengxi, styled Yuanzi, posthumously named Xuanwuhou. "Book of Rites": Han Dai Sheng Ji, also known as "Xiao Dai Ji". ⒆ "North Window Sunburn": written by Shi Decao (word Yanzhi) of Song Dynasty, two volumes. ⒇ Yan Dongyou: Qing Yan Changming, also named Daofu.Li Taihong: The character of Li'e is clear, and the name is Fanxie.Li's poems seem to be found in the poem "Tibi of the Lake Tower". (21) Ouyang Zhan: A poet in the Tang Dynasty, with the words Xing Zhou. (22) Refers to Volume Four of "Suiyuan Poems". (23) Yishan: Li Shangyin.Feiqing: Wen Tingyun.Both are poets of the late Tang Dynasty. (24) "Huainanzi": written by Liu An, King Huainan of Han Dynasty, in twenty-one volumes, "Qi Su Xun" is the title of the article. (25) Yupu: Untreated jade.Horn: The horn ornament on the scabbard of ancient swords. (26) Wangxi: Fang Bao's late name Wangxi.Ruan Ting: Wang Shizhen.Both were Qing Dynasty writers.Yuan Mei's poems: "A generation of authentic talents are weak, and Ruan Ting's poems in Wangxi anthology." (27) "New Book": written by Han Jiayi, ten volumes, fifty-five articles, "Lianyu" is the title of the article.Tao Zhugong: Fan Li of Yue Kingdom was called Tao Zhugong after returning to hermitage. (28) Right next to you: You Ze. The fourth point here is to talk about the characteristics of Yuan Mei's poems, most of which are not advertised by Yuan himself, and seldom discussed by others. 1. Yuan Mei believes that Yan Yu's poems using Zen metaphors "do not need to be like the first one", "it is suitable to write short chapters in close style, swallowing and uttering halfway, in order to seek charm", and if he writes long poems in ancient style, it will be like "Heavenly Demon Shows Dance, Flower Rain Filling the void", there is a sigh that dazzles people, it seems that the little magical powers of Xiangxiang crossing the river and antelope hanging horns are not needed. Therefore, Yuan Shi advocated "doing things according to the topic, can release and receive", it seems that writing a long novel does not require understanding .He opposed Wang Shizhen's theory of poetry based on Zen enlightenment, and refuted Wang Shizhen with the fact that there were 300 Mao poems before Zen entered China.Mr. Qian pointed out that Yuan Mei's use of Zen as a metaphor for Yan Yu's poems was "a little guesswork", because no matter whether it is the dance of the devil or the fall of the flower rain, it can only be created after enlightenment.Yan Yu believes that "the way of Zen lies in enlightenment, and the way of poetry also lies in enlightenment." On the point of "enlightenment", poetry and Zen are interlinked. The poet's search for sentences is like Shizi's meditation, so he uses it as a metaphor to explain the need for poetry. There are "different talents", that is, poetry is not impossible without enlightenment. After enlightenment, whether you write long or short chapters, it is determined according to the content of the poem and the difference in the poet's talent.Yan Yu is short in talent, so he focuses on close styles. For example, "Canglang Shihua? Poetry Law" says that "regulated poems are harder than ancient poems; quatrains are harder than eight sentences; seven-character rhythms are harder than five-character rhythms; five-character absolutes are harder than seven-character absolutes."The so-called difficulty is because the shorter the text, the less room for maneuver, such as the five musts, except the first and last, only the cross, which is really difficult to grasp.However, Yan Yu doesn't think that novels don't need comprehension, nor does he think that novels don't need charm.As for the theory that there were 300 articles before Zen came to China, it also revealed that Yuan Mei did not understand that Yan Yu’s “metaphor” of Zen enlightenment only lies in the similarities between them. Therefore, it refers to strong words and unreasonable words here. 2. Yuan Mei is not good at Zen theory, and opposes Wang Shizhen's poems based on Zen enlightenment. However, "Suiyuan Poetry Talk" quotes the verses of Zen Master Baiyun and Zen Master Xuedou, which are obviously Zen enlightenment, and Yuan Mei thinks that "it is quite cooperative with the purpose of poetry"; "Shihua" The so-called "later people, there is no one who can become a poet without learning from the ancients, but good scholars forget the fish when they catch fish, and bad scholars carve a boat to seek swords" also clearly uses Zen to talk about poetry; Talent is required, just like grinding iron can make a needle, grinding bricks can't make a needle, so it is said that it is a talent, not learned.His metaphor of grinding iron and grinding bricks is the Zen language of Zen Master Huairang.Yuan Mei claimed that he was opposed to comparing poetry with Zen language, but he just fell into Zen metaphor. Why?Mr. Qian pointed out that Yuan Mei neither knew what Zen was, nor did he know that Zen was not Zen. Although there were different views, there was only one truth, so he did not know that non-Zen was actually in line with Zen. Before there was Zen, there was already a Zen mechanism. For example, in the fifth part of Tao Qian's "Drinking Wine", the sentence "The mountain air is beautiful at sunset, and the flying clouds are flying back. There is a true meaning in this, and I have forgotten my words if I want to distinguish it." It was written before Bodhidharma entered China. Before, the poem was already full of Zen theory and interest. The poet used "the bird is tired of flying and knows how to return", comparing himself to being tired of being an official and retiring to seclusion. 3. In the fourth volume of "Shihua", Ouyang Xiu ridiculed Yuan Zhen's self-annotated "Tongbai Guanbei", and said that the poem is not a good poem until it is annotated, which is related to his theory of spirituality.Yan Changming recited Li E's poem "Lake Tower Title Wall": "Where the water falls and the mountains are cold, Yingying remembers outings. Zhu Lan is dead now, let alone people leaning on the fence?" It is said that the affection is deep, but Yuan's search for the source made mistakes. Mr. Qian pointed out.According to the volume thirty-five of "Tang Poetry Chronicles", Ouyang Zhan fell in love with a prostitute when he was traveling in Taiyuan. After parting, he wrote poems to express his thoughts. The sentence "the car does not stop and the wheel" writes that they are separated by thousands of miles, staying in Taiyuan without going out, and then returning to their hometown in Fujian. Barman", is completely different.Mr. Qian pointed out that Su Shi's "How long can the carved railings be good, not only relying on the railings to get old", is exactly the meaning of Li's poems, which shows that Yuan's understanding of Li's poems is wrong. 4. Yuan Mei's discussion of Yili's theory is often done quickly without careful consideration, so there are often contradictions between what he said before and after, which can be discussed from time to time.Here is an example from the fourth volume of "Poetry Talk". Lord, and for example, Du Fu and Li Shangyin seem to be thick, Li Bai and Wen Tingyun seem to be thin, "all are famous", it seems that the thickness of poetry is not a principle of evaluation, and there is no distinction between high and low, high and low, but it is not the case.It is pointed out here that the criterion for evaluating high and low is based on thickness, which was first seen in "Huainanzi".Mr. Qian said: "Thick poems are not necessarily better than thin ones, but wonderful poems must be thicker than bad ones." He also analyzed the famous scholars cited by Yuan Mei and pointed out that Yuan Mei's poems are still divided into high and low. , such as "Poetry Talk" Juan Liu said: "Whoever writes a poem, it is easy to write scenery, but it is difficult to describe emotions. Scenery comes from outside, what you touch with your eyes, you can get it if you pay attention, and emotion comes from your heart. Unless there is a kind of fragrance and sorrow, you can't be sad and charming. However, each person’s nature is similar: Du Fu is good at romance, but Taibai cannot. Uncle Yong is good at romance, but Zizhan can’t.” The words seem to imply that Li is inferior to Du, and Su Shi is inferior to Ouyang Xiu.The same volume quotes Wang Wenzhi's saying: "Today's intelligent and talented scholars often underestimate poetry and prose." It means "light".Juan Er said: "There is Fang Wangxi in ancient prose, and Ruan Ting in poetry: both are authentic for a generation, but their talents are weak." This "thin" has the meaning of "down".Volume 6 on Wang Anshi also said: "Poetry is expensive and gentle", obviously this "expensive" has "heavy" meaning.Therefore, Yuan Mei is also distinguished between high and low, and there is a distinction between high and low, which is not like the "thick should be thick and thin, but the best should be the main thing" as he advertised.Here, Mr. Qian also quoted a passage from Jia Yi's "New Book" written by Fan Li on biscuits, which is very brilliant and penetrating, proving that thin walls, thin silk, thin utensils, and thin wine are all inferior to thick ones because they cannot be "long-lasting", and poetry is valuable. Works of art that can be chanted in sound and rhyme need to be "protracted" in order to be handed down for generations. (2) (Yuan Mei) "Suiyuan Poetry Talk" records the events of Wang Dongshan①, and it is suspected that it is also the "Guochao Poetry Bie Cai"②, just like its poems about horse Xiangru③. "Bie Cai" Volume 1 Wang Yitiao's note: "The palace was written on the day of the song, and immediately got the sentence 'return to the plan' and so on. Gui Wei returned falsely, died within ten years, and the knowledge of poetry and prophecy will be completed early!" Suiyuan went on Taking unintentional "poetry prophecy" as "self-knowledge" of "immortality" Also ④. Volume 1 and 4 of "Suiyuan Poetry Talk": "Tang Jingchuan cloud ⑤: 'Poems with wealth and nobility are not good.' Yu said otherwise." Because Jin Deying Huimen's "Willow Branches in the Suburbs" was taken as an example⑥: "Long is the place where the most respected and fortunate, and the world is never known." "Ode to the Willow": "The jade tree in the backyard bears the grace, and if you don't believe that you will be heartbroken." According to the meaning of chanting willow, it has been common since Tang Dynasty. Volume 5 of "Huajian Ji" Volume 5 Mao Wenxi "Liu Hanyan" No. 2 ⑧: "Heqiao willow, occupying Fangchun. Reflecting water and mist blowing the road, climbing and folding several times, secretly saddening. Yuefu blows it as a flute song, which can break the heart Continuation ⑨. It is better to transplant it in Kinmen, close to the grace of heaven" ⑩; the third song: "Zhangtai willow, close to weeping 旒⑾. The crowns and covers are blowing low, the hazy spring is full of Huangzhou, and the auspicious smoke is floating. Straight away from the roadside and riverside I pity Jingzhao when he draws his brows and slender leaves." Song Lizhi's "Gen Yue Baiyong? Liu An" ⑿: "Leading the wind and blowing the water to make it soft, March flowers fly all over the ditch. It's not like Jin The pavilion is for melancholy, and I grow up like a dragon boat" (Volume 4 of "Song Shi Ji Shi"). "Farewell" and "Pan Zhe" can be seen outside the words.Qing people such as Yan Sunyou's "Autumn Water Collection" Volume 5 "Wanliutang Bamboo Branch Ci" Part 2⒀: "Ask the golden willow branches in Hiraizumi, can catkins fly on the street at the same time? Move the roots only to the golden stems and dew, and do not part with the spring wind pipe⒁ "; Li Taihong's "Fanxie Mountain House Collection" Volume 7 "West Lake Willow Branch Ci" No. 6⒂: "The smoke on the roadside is like a vermilion building, and it will send pedestrians away for thousands of miles. I wish to be a willow outside Yongjinmen, born without knowing the sorrow of parting" ; Volume 1 of Liang Shanzhou's "Pin Luoting Relics" "Yuhe Liuzhi Ci" No. 6⒃: "Fighting to the east wind to worship the dance frequency, the six dragons will live in Longjin this day. Born to understand the ecstasy, only send Luanyu and not others ⒄." They all passed on their clothes to Yishan at midnight, or met the god in Pinggui's dream.However, Song Zhiwen was the first to use this idea to inscribe lotus. In the second and fourth volumes of "Quan Tang Wen" in his "Autumn Lotus Ode", there is a saying: "To the west of the Royal Bridge, Yuchi is cold, and the red lotus is cold. It is absurd. From spring to autumn. Seeing its life, looking at its growth, seeing its prosperity, and regretting its decline. Those who can live forever without dying, so that they can be separated from the immortal prohibition, and no one can peep. If Xiang Ruo was born in the Dongting of Xiaoxiang, Qin Weiqi In Australia, there are Wu Ji Yue Ke, Zheng Nv Wei Tong, who have not yet made up their minds, and have exhausted their picks." Changing the song of willows can be related to the farewell of Panzhi, so it is very sentimental. ("Qian Zhongshu Research" pp. 25-26) ①Wang Dongshan: Wang Yihao, a writer in the Qing Dynasty.There are nine volumes of "Autumn Studio Poems". Volume 14 of "Suiyuan Poetry Talk": "Wang Dongshan Yi, Jing Xingxue. Knowing that he will not live, he gave himself a cloud: 'If you don't make a living with a thousand mu of bamboo, you can only be an official for ten years in a floating life.'" ② "Guochao Poetry Biecai": namely "Qing Poetry Biecai", edited by Shen Deqian, 32 volumes. ③Ma Xiangru: The character of Ma Puchen, a poet of the Qing Dynasty.Yuan Mei discussed Pu Chen in Volume 14 of Suiyuan Shihua. ④Wang Yi's "Geng Chen He Sings and Goes to the Shuntian Mansion Banquet on the Day", and immediately got a sentence: "The return plan did not plan for a thousand acres of bamboo, and the floating life only served as an official for ten years." "Quatrains", the second language in the title of the poem can be seen in the seventh poem, which is to express that he is indifferent to the meaning of the official, not "knowing that he will not live", and Yuan Mei changed "guiji" to "living", so he refers to " Knowing that you don't live long", you can see its absurdity. ⑤ Tang Jingchuan: Tang Shunzhi, a writer of the Ming Dynasty, with the word Yingde.There is "Jingchuan Collection". ⑥ Jin Deying: A poet in the Qing Dynasty, with the word Rubai and the name Huimen. ⑦Wu Yangxian: A poet in the Qing Dynasty, with the word Mu Zou.There are ten volumes of "Xiao Pao'an Shi Cun", and "Shi Hua" is included in it. ⑧ "Hua Jian Ji": Collection by Zhao Chongzuo of Later Shu, twelve volumes.Mao Wenxi: Former Shu poet, styled Pinggui. ⑨Flute music: Refers to "Folding Willow Song", which is a farewell to Zheliu. 10 Jinmen: There is Jinmamen in the Han Dynasty, which refers to the imperial palace, which means that willow species are not to be climbed in the palace. ⑾ Zhangtai: Han Changan has Zhangtai Street.Han Jingzhao Yin Zhang opened his court, walked across Zhangtai Street, and returned home to thrush his wife's eyebrows, like willow leaves. ⑿ Li Zhi's "Gen Yue Baiyong": Song Huizong built earthen mountains in Bianliang, built Taihu stones, planted exotic flowers and trees, and named it Gen Yue."Hundred Songs" by Li Zhi.Chanting "Willow Bank" and writing about the willow trees in Genyue are not like the willow trees in Jinting (Dukou Pavilion) that are criticized by others. "Song Shi Ji Shi": written by Qing Li E, one hundred volumes. ⒀Yan Sunyou: Yan Shengsun, a writer in the Qing Dynasty.There are seventeen volumes of "Autumn Water Collection".Among them, there are eight volumes of poetry, seven volumes of literature, and two volumes of words. ⒁ Hiraizumi: Hiraizumi Villa, Tang Xingxiang Li Deyu's villa.Golden willow branches: Willows hang golden in autumn. Golden stem dew: Han Dynasty used copper pillar trays to bear dew.This refers to transplanting willows into the palace. ⒂ Li Taihong: Li E, a writer of the Qing Dynasty.There are twenty volumes of "Fan Xie Shan Fang Ji". ⒃ Liang Shanzhou: Qing Dynasty writer Liang Tong's book number.There are thirteen volumes of "Pinluoan Yiji", including three volumes of poems, two volumes of collections, four volumes of essays, and four volumes of inscriptions and postscripts. ⒄Six Dragons: Refers to six horses.Luanyu: The emperor's car. ⒅ Yishan Chuanyi in the middle of the night: Li Shangyin was taught by Linghu Chu to make four or six, which is called the Chuanyi in the middle of the night. Pinggui's Dream Encounter: Mao Wenxi's character is Pinggui, referring to the influence of Mao Wenxi. Mr. Qian once pointed out in "Supplement to Tan Yilu": Yuan Mei "commented on the poems of recent people, mostly by ear, one piece of feather, one did not know the whole thing." 4) Said that Wang "Jing Xingxue" once told the fortune-telling for the birth of Wu Gong's daughter in Tongcheng, and also told the fortune-telling for himself when he won the number one scholar. They all corresponded to this, because he immediately got the sentence "Returning the plan does not plan a thousand acres of bamboo, but floating life only does it. "Ten-year official" and changed "guiji" to "living", and then said that Wang "knows that he will not live forever".In the same volume, Ma Puchen has a "Poem of the Fisherman" which says: "After taking up the long pole, life is the end of the water. The scales of the ruler are as easy as wine, and one leaf is the home. The smoke from the net and the cooking, the shadow of the moon when the boat stops. Don't fight for fish. I only love peach blossoms." It is a poem that truly describes the life of a fisherman, but Yuan Mei's "true king, Meng Ye" is actually not similar to Wang Wei and Meng Haoran's poems.He also said: "Some people say that 'the shadow of the moon is clearly three Li Bai, and the light of the water is rippling on the Bai Dongpo', but it is clever and clumsy." Mr. Qian pointed out that this couplet is "Drunk Song of Qinhuai Water Pavilion", which Shen Deqian praised very much. Seeing the shadow of the moon seems to have three Li Bais, and seeing the waves of water seems to have a hundred Su Shis. The drunken state is wonderfully written, and Yuan Shi refers to it as "self-defeating".These two cases, as pointed out by Mr. Qian in "Talking about Art Records? Suiyuan Records False", are proofs that his records cannot be completely trusted.Here, Yuan Mei quotes Tang Shunzhi's cloud: "Poetry with richness and nobility is not good." Yuan disagrees with this statement, and cites Jin Deying's "Willow Branches in the West Suburbs": "Willow branches beside Xizhimen, with smoke and dew brushing banners .Long is the place where the Supreme Being is blessed, and we don’t know parting in the world.” He said that this poem is “wealth and honor, why is it not good?” He only saw that it was written in the poem “Supreme Prosperity” that means wealth, but he didn’t know that the poem Chanting Liu was writing about separation .Wu Yangxian picked up the meaning of this poem, saying that it is similar to Li Shangyin's "Ode to the Willow". The poem says: "Because of the fragrance of the bridgeside, how dare you take advantage of the streamer? The jade tree in the backyard owes its kindness to you. If you don't believe in years, you will be heartbroken." There are many willow trees. Planted on the water side of the bank, unlike pagoda trees, which are often planted in the palace, that is, the jade tree in the backyard, which can withstand the grace of the Supreme, then these lucky jade trees in the backyard will not know the loneliness and sadness of the willow tree by the bridge , because it can only be used as a farewell gift.Mao Wenxi's "Liu Hanyan" "Heqiao Liu, Zhan Fangchun" is almost an imitation of Li Shangyin's "Ode to the Willow", but in the form of words, it is better to transplant it in Jinmen, close to the grace of heaven" , which means "free from teaching and leaving people to climb".Mr. Qian pointed out that since Li Shangyin's "Ode to the Willow", Li Zhi in the Song Dynasty, Yan Shengsun, Li E, and Liang Tongshu in the Qing Dynasty have often chanted Liu with this meaning.At the same time, he also pointed out that Li Shangyin's "Ode to the Willows" is not his own creation, which uses the glory of the jade trees in the backyard to contrast the weeping willows by the bridge. , that is the water lotus that grows in the cold jade pond to the west of the imperial bridge. The red lotus blooms outside the palace gate. From spring to autumn, people can see its growth and decline. Fortunately, every lotus They can "live all day long", and no one dies halfway.If it had grown in the hustle and bustle of Dongting in Xiaoxiang, it would have been scooped up by tourists who love flowers. Li Shangyin used this to chant willows, and Jin Deying also used the meaning of "panzhi as a farewell", which is more emotional.