Chapter 40 (17) Write reflections in water

(Yuan Yi Mountain Poem) "Rafting on Daming Lake" ①: "It is better to see the mountains and rivers and the mountains at the bottom, and a pile of smoke can't be contained." According to the mountain shadows in the water, poets often say, such as Zhang Ziye's "Tixixi Wuxiangyuan"② : "You can see the shadow of the mountain when the duckweed is broken", or Weng Lingshu's "Wild Hope" ③: "Let's go up the mountain to see the wild water, and suddenly see the green mountain at the bottom of the water." If the mountain is left behind, "better" will break everyone's mind.The second so-called ④: "The reflection of Qianfo Mountain in Daming Lake is even more beautiful than that of Qianfo Mountain above." Good, why?"

It is said that the Si language is enough for those who talk about art and hold the "reflection theory" to understand.According to ancient poems and prose, it is written that the scenery on land is reflected in the water, such as Xie Yan's "Shadow Fu" ⑥ in Volume 156 of "Quan Tang Wen": "There are hundreds of flat lakes, and thousands of miles of Chengjiang River. The trees are hanging and the mountains are standing upside down; the bottom of the cliff The sky is far away, and the clouds rise in the waves"; Shaoling's "Journey to Mipi": "The south of the Banpi is purely immersed in the mountains, and the moving shadows are graceful and blending. The boat's side is in the middle of the Yunji Temple, and the moon rises from Lantianguan on the water surface", or " "Mibei Southwest Terrace": "Mistake the end of Nancui, reverse the shadow of the white pavilion"; Dou Ting's "Jinshan Journey": "Sometimes the reflection sinks to the bottom of the river, and the bright light seems to wash. I know that there are towers on the water, but I can see it from the waves. Opening and closing"; it has been built in poor form.But the description is meticulous, and Chu Guangxi's "Seeing Nanshan on the Qujiang River with Zhugong Qiuji" by Chu Guangxi:

"Fish and dragons are green and green, birds and beasts swim in the clear water; autumn in the wild wildflower forest, and lightness in the waves of the wild bamboo"; the first two sentences respectively say that the animals in the water seem to live on the mountain, and the animals on the mountain seem to travel in the water, and the last two sentences respectively say The plants in the water seem to grow on the mountain, and the plants on the mountain seem to float in the water. They can move from place to place and still live together in peace.Qian Muzhai's "Chu Xue Ji" Volume 17 ⑦ "Yao Shuxiang Guoming Fatang Discusses Modern Poems and Quatrains" The thirteenth self-note: "Yu most likes Yang Wubu's poem 'Idle fish eat leaves like a tree, Gao Liumian The shade is half in the pool'"; the willow shadows are reflected in the pool, and the idle fish are "like swimming in trees", and their hands and eyes are just like "birds and beasts swimming in the clear water" and "light in the scorpion lake". carry on.Pan Cigenglei's "Suichutang Poetry Collection" Volume 8 "Tike Fan Pavilion" ⑧:

"A fish swims in the sky and eats the shadow of clouds, and a tree falls to the waves and shines in the heart", which seems to be like this.Visit Yang Jingde's "Linhu Pavilion"⑨, three episodes of "Selected Poems of the Yuan Dynasty": "Fish swim in the mountains, and flowers bloom from the sky"; "White waves on the surface of the butterfly, bathing mandarin ducks at the head of the tree and the bottom of the tree"; Ruan Dacheng's "Yong Huai Tang Poetry Collection" Volume 4 "Garden Residence Miscellaneous" No. 2⑾: "The water is clean and solid, and the tuna is like swimming in the sky. Looking down, you can see the spring Birds, sometimes in the midst of algae.” A famous French novel in the 17th century wrote that the river is as bright as a mirror⑿, reflecting everything, the sky and the earth meet in the water, fish fly up trees like flying, and birds can be caught like swimming. (Pages 483-484) ①Yuan Yishan: Yuan Haowen, styled Yuzhi, named Yishan, Jin poet.He wrote forty volumes of "Yi Shan Ji".

② Zhang Ziye: Zhang Xianzi, a Song poet, has a volume of "Anlu Collection". ③ Weng Lingshu: Weng Juan characters.Song poet, one of the Four Spirits.He wrote a volume of "Xiyan Collection". ④: The name of the novel, written by Liu E in the Qing Dynasty, with twenty chapters. ⑤ Da Vinci: Da Vinci, today translated as Leonardo da Vinci, was an Italian painter, mechanics, and engineer in the fifteenth and sixth centuries. ⑥ "Quan Tang Wen": One thousand volumes, edited by imperial edict in the 19th year of Jiaqing in Qing Dynasty. ⑦Qian Muzhai: No. Qian Qianyi, a Qing scholar, wrote 100 volumes of "Chu Xue Ji".

⑧ "Suichutang Poetry Collection": Pan Lei, with the word Cigeng, wrote fifteen volumes of poetry collection. ⑨ "Selected Poems of Yuan Dynasty": Compiled by Gu Sili in the Qing Dynasty, a total of three episodes, one hundred volumes. 10 Wang Duo: The word Juesi, Ming people.He wrote the twenty-two volumes of "The First Collection of Nishan Garden". ⑾Ruan Dacheng: No. Yuanhai, attached to Wei Zhongxian, listed in the rebel party, wrote four volumes of "Yong Huaitang Poetry Collection". ⑿ Refers to the works of Abel de Sarich. This section talks about the strange scene of scenery reflected in the water, which belongs to the description of scenery.Zhang Xian's phrase "you can see the shadow of the mountain when the duckweed is broken", when you write about the reflection in the water, you only say "see the shadow of the mountain", which is not outstanding, but it is only seen when "duckweed is broken"; "Seeing the green hills" is not outstanding, but fortunately "seeing suddenly at the bottom of the water".The advantage of these two sentences is to write a scene, so that we can see each other in the scene.This is not the case in Yuan Haowen's poems. He wrote about the beauty of the reflection in the water, that is, the mountain shadow in the water, which becomes "a pile of smoke that cannot be contained", which is a further metaphor than the previous two sentences.It is said that the reflection is better than the real mountain.Xie Yan's "Shadow Fu" specifically describes the beauty of reflections in water.The sky reflected in the water appears lofty, and the clouds reflected in the water rise like clouds.Du Fu's "A Journey to Mipi": "The south of Banpi is a pure mountain, and the moving shadows are graceful and harmonious."

"Moving Shadow" describes how the mountain shadow shakes in the water, shaking in a "curly" shape. "Chongrong" refers to the calming of water waves.This sentence refers to the sudden rise and fall of the water wave, which causes the sudden movement and silence of the mountain shadow.And "Mibei Southwest Terrace": "Wrongly grind the end of Nancui, reverse the shadow of the White Pavilion." The emerald green of Zhongnan Mountain is reflected in the water. Because of the rippling of the water, it seems that the emerald green of the mountain is also grinding.The reflection of the White Pavilion in the water turned upside down.Dou itch's "everything is clear and bright like washing", and the reflection in the water is even more radiant and clear like washing.

Mr. Qian here highly recommends Chu Guangxi's poems, because he writes strange scenes from the reflection and develops a new way of writing.Because of the reflection of the mountain in the water, the animals in the water seem to live on the mountain, and the plants in the water seem to grow on the mountain.Because the objects on the mountain are reflected in the water, the animals on the mountain seem to walk in the water, and the plants on the mountain seem to float in the water.Later Yang Wubu wrote that fish swim like a tree, and willows sleep in a pond; Pan Lei wrote that fish swim in the sky, and the tree falls to the heart; Yang Jingde's fish swims in the mountains, and flowers bloom in the sky; Ruan Dacheng's Su Tuna Swimming in the Sky and Birds Flipping Weeds are all similar to those written by Chu Guangxi, so Mr. Qian especially respects Chu Guangxi's poems about reflection in water.