Chapter 22 (20) Appreciation and Analysis of Li He's Poem "Annoying Gong"

Muzhi's speaker, Ji, "has little reason", which is what Li Erqiao commented on Changji's so-called "he doesn't pay much attention to the rules and regulations"①.Wang Zhuoya's "Li Changji's Poetry Collection" at the end of "Changgu Poems" quoted Song Wu Zhengzi's words and said ②: "The beauty is mixed with Chen, and the sky is Wu Zifeng." Volume 1 of Ma Xingyi's "Dongquan Poetry Talk" says that Changji's poems "are slightly longer, but the meaning of the words is repeated and cannot be concentrated. For example, "Annoying Gong"

There are more than 40 characters in Changlu, and the words Huakai, Lufei, and Jinmo are all seen three times", which is also quite missing, but has not been explored deep. "Annoying Gong" is like the third couplet as follows: "The cherry in the mouth is small, the eyebrows are thick with osmanthus leaves. The dowry makeup is beautiful, the night tent reduces the incense tube. The mirror is flying solitary magpies, and the river is painted with water. Pi Tuo combs green The wind brings golden worms around the waist. Du Ruo contains clear dew, river cattails gather purple antlers. The moths are broken at the moon part, and the flowers are conjoined and dimpled with vermilion. When there is heavy mist, the waist is light and leans on the wind." It costs so much to start and play Pen and ink, describing the person, accounts for almost one of the seven in the whole poem. The following descriptions of the twists and turns of the situation are already complicated and inappropriate.And among the seven crosses, Xing Braza.

The two couplets of "moth moth and Dai Po" should be inherited from the couplet of "Zhukou cherry small", both of which are about body and appearance, but suddenly they are separated by three sentences of "fragrance tube", "Tin mirror" and "Jiangtu". "Pituo" is a metaphor for high buns. This couplet writes about hair and waist, and it should also be closely followed by writing brows and brows, but it also suffers from horizontal stalks; Suffering is messy, and repeated illnesses overlap. "Duruo" A couplet is similar to the words "Heyi", "Rongshang", and "Lanpei" in "Lisao" to describe clothes, and the couplet with "Pituo" is "comb" and "belt". Between the "Zhukou" cloud and the "Yuefen" cloud, where does it finally come from, it is gathered here. After the forty crosses of "Diao Zhu Rong", there is "Makeup Xiu Dian", which is either forgetful or not annoying.They are all "inconcentrable" and "ignorant of rules and regulations". "Annoying Gong" has a series of strange words, and it is not difficult to understand, but those who don't understand its tools can appreciate its treasures.Desperately appreciated, especially in the conclusion: "Hanyuan is looking for official willows, and the river bridge is blocked by forbidden bells. The moon is bright and the woman feels that she should laugh and paint the hall empty." meaning.But suddenly put aside the melancholy of this man, and pick out the joy of his wife. "Middle woman" is like the "Huang'e" in the above "Huang'e first came out, and the younger sister began to follow", refers to the same song or the same fit, but the teeth are slightly long and the color is faded; If you don't return, don't give me poison. Dreaming back at night, laughing alone.

The cold words tell the truth about the fate of luck and favor; it does not fall into the rut of wanting to break the heart, it is unexpected, but it is very close to the opportunity that cannot be let go, and it is passed on to the world.After mourning silk and bamboo, suddenly I heard Qing Zhongyan.Volume 35, Chen Houzhu's "Three Women's Beauty", the first song ④: "The big woman avoids the autumn wind, and the middle woman's night bed is empty. The little woman's first two buns,... poor, but it can be the same"; the ninth song: "The big woman Resenting the empty boudoir, the middle woman cries secretly at night. The little woman smiles alone,...every night, her eyebrows are full." It is said that the three women love only the youngest, and the big and middle are as lonely as the old house.When Changji used the word "Chinese woman", he meant such stereotypes, trying to break through the old sayings and overturn the old cases, while those who said "the night bed is empty" laughed at "the painting hall is empty".The first poem of Changji's "Xie Xiucai's concubine, practiced and changed to follow others": "Sister in the moonlight, and a beloved man in the dark", the scene is suitable for comparison. "A sister" is just like a "middle-class woman", but her "beautiful man" does not have a happy "meeting", so she hurts herself and abandons it, not happy but sad.Have a good night and a good month, "Sister"

"Middle woman", one Qi and one Xin, chirps and baboons laughing, just as the old saying goes "the confinement is crooked and illuminates Kyushu, some families are happy and some are sad" and also. "Changgu Poetry" first said: "Light dew weeps and tears", and then Jiyun: "Wind and dew full of smiling eyes", which seems to be an example of "organization" not "reasonable".Goethe ⑤ discussed the growth of plants, and came up with "upright tendency" and "circling tendency"; German art talkers in modern times based their essays, saying that writing talents are divided into "leading talents" and "extravagant talents". .

"Liang Dong", "Zhang Fa", and "Yi Yu Wen Zao" belong to the "leading" and "upright" side affairs, and Changji's talent is almost biased toward "extravagant" and "circling". (Pages 368-369) ①Du Mu: The word Muzhi.Later generations called it "Xiao Du".Tang writer.Changji: Li Hezi, Tang poet, has "Changgu Collection".Li Erqiao: A native of the Qing Dynasty, there are four volumes of "Li Changji Collection" and one volume of "Outer Collection". ②Wang Zhuoya: In the characters of Wang Qi in the Qing Dynasty, there are four volumes of "Li Changji's Poetry Collection" and one volume of "Outer Collection".

③Ma Xingyi, born in the Qing Dynasty, has a volume of "Dongquan Shihua". ④: One hundred volumes, compiled by Song Guo Maoqian. ⑤ Goethe: German poet and novel dramatist. This article mainly talks about Li He's poem "Annoying Gong", and also talks about Li He's poems lack of preaching, and are good at extravagance and circling.Mr. Qian first quoted Du Mu's "Preface to Li Changji's Poems": "The congratulations are not dead, so don't worry about it, and the servant's life is okay." This means that Li He's poems are not reasonable, so he said "less reasoning".It is also known as "ignoring the rules and regulations", that is, ignoring the rules and regulations.Also known as "Yan Miscellaneous Chen, Tianwu Zifeng." Du Fu's "Northern Expedition": "Tianwu and Zifeng are reversed in short brown." Tianwu is Shuibo, the god of water, and Zifeng, both embroidered on the fabric Cut it out to make a patch, and make it upside down.Here it is said that the words in Li He's poems are reversed, that is, they do not pay attention to the order.Mr. Qian made an explanation in conjunction with "Annoying Gong". Wang Qi's note on the poem "Annoying Gong": "Today, what is called cute is hateful, which means annoyed Gong, and it is a work of narrow and oblique games." See the verses quoted by Mr. Qian: "Zhukou" and "Tianmei" refer to the woman's mouth. Hemei, followed by "Xiao Lian", "Night Tent", "Tin Mirror", and "Jiang Tu", refers to the things used by the woman, namely the dowry box, bed curtain, tin mirror and Jiang Tu.Then write "comb Bifeng", which refers to combing a phoenix bun, "bring gold worms" refers to jewelry, and then write "Du Ruo"

"River cattail" is a plant.Then write "Moth Dai Po" and "Diao Zhu Nong", referring to the eyebrows and face, and then write "fat heavy" and "waist light" to refer to hair and waist.The woman's mouth, eyebrows, bun, eyebrows, face, hair, and waist are separated into three places, which shows that he is not good at arranging them. But it can also be seen from this that Li He is good at extravagance and circling.For example, when writing eyebrows, it is called "Tian Mei Gui Ye Nong", which refers to women in the Tang Dynasty who drew wide eyebrows, and the wide part was painted like laurel leaves; it also said "Moth Moth and Dai Po", which means that the new moon is like a hook, and the word "Po" is separated. The meaning is to draw thin eyebrows at both ends of the eyebrows, that is, to draw wide eyebrows in the middle of the eyebrows, to draw thin eyebrows at both ends, to write eyebrows twice, that is, to circle, and to use "laurel leaves" and "months" as metaphors twice. , that is, extravagance.Another example is writing on the cheeks, "Xiao Dou makeup showy dimple", which refers to the pair of dowry mirrors with red dots on the cheeks; Zhi Shi Zhu." It is written that she not only put red spots on her cheeks, but also red flowers on the side of her cheeks.It was said twice that pointing the cheeks is hovering, also known as pointing red flowers on the side of the cheeks. It was probably an exaggeration to point red moles at that time.Also "Pituo Combing Bifeng", Bi refers to hair with blue silk, and Feng refers to phoenix bun, a hair style with a high bun in the shape of Pituo. "Severe suspicion and mist" is used to describe a lot of mist.The two lectures are circling, using "Pituo"

"Panwu" is an exaggeration to describe it.Mr. Qian pointed out that "the description of the person is almost one of the seven in the whole poem, and the following describes the twists and turns of the situation", which is "inappropriate complexity and simplicity", that is, not good at arrangement.He also pointed out that his narration was messy and his relapses overlapped, that is, "the rules and regulations were ignored". Mr. Qian also "appreciated its treasure" to the article "Annoyed Gong", admiring that it has treasures in it.Bao at the end: "Han Yuan looks for official willows, and river bridges are blocked by forbidden bells. The women's party in the moonlight should laugh and draw empty halls." Wang Qi's note: "Don't go with you (the man will not go with the woman), enter Han Looking for spring in the garden. I also heard that the forbidden bell outside the river bridge has stopped and cannot be left again. The barrier is the same as the obstacle. It is very happy when I meet the beautiful woman. I recall that the woman at home sleeps alone and sleeps. The Xiaohua hall is empty and lonely. Others often use the word resentment here, but Changji uses the word smile instead, which has a gentle and profound meaning." This is Wang Qi's understanding.Look at Mr. Qian's understanding again: "A couplet of 'Han Yuan'" means "Xiao Lang's stranger's road, and Hou's family is like the sea." Went to Hanyuan Qin Palace, Bihoumen, and married for Houmen's family. The man could not meet again because of the forbidden area.

"Suddenly put aside the melancholy of this man, and pick up the joy of his wife. "Middle woman" is like the "Huang E" in the above text "Huang E first came out, and the younger sister began to follow". It refers to the same song or the same fit but slightly Those who have long teeth and faded color; they should be very happy that the little woman who conquered him will never return, and he will not be poisoned. He dreams back at night and laughs alone." According to the above text in "Annoyed Gong": "Huang E first came out, and she loved her sister. From the beginning.” Wang Qi’s note: “Aunt Huang is the elder, and the younger sister is the next.” Also, “Shu’s smoke flies heavy brocade, and the rain in the gorge is light.” Wang’s note:

"Shuyanxiayu means that rain is the cloud. Emphasizing brocade and despising appearance refers to the quilt and pillow of its clothes. Emphasizing brocade means that the brocade is well cooked. The finer the yarn, the so-called lightness." This is Said that the young pet girl will have a happy meeting with the man.Therefore, the last four sentences are not like Wang Qi’s note said, the man goes to Hanyuan to not fall in love with Guanliu, because the forbidden bell in Hanyuan is a forbidden place, the man cannot enter, and as soon as the woman enters the Hou’s gate, her pet sister enters the marquis door, so Huang Gu smiled happily.Mr. Qian's explanation is combined with the above poem.As mentioned above, Huang Gu is the elder, that is, she is equivalent to a middle-aged woman, and her favorite sister is a second-rate one, that is, she is equivalent to a young woman, who has been married by the Hou family. Mr. Wang Qi’s explanation closely echoes the above text of the poem. Wang Qi’s annotation put aside the above text and said that the man “recalls that the woman at home sleeps alone and sleeps alone, and should laugh at the empty hall.” "Middle woman" does not correspond to the above "aunt Huang" and "favorite sister"; and "middle woman" is to "big woman" or "little woman", why does the man only think of "middle woman"?Moreover, the middle-aged woman in the family should miss her husband who is away, why laugh at "the painting hall is empty"?Wang's comment is unreasonable.Mr. Qian appreciates this ending, which is combined with Chen Houzhu's "Three Women". "Three Women's Beauty" writes about doting on young women.In Li He's poems, only middle-aged women and young women are written, and the middle-aged women laugh when the young women go away.Mr. Qian also quoted another poem by Li He: "Sister in the moonlight, and a beloved man in the dark." "Sister" is equivalent to "middle woman". Woman laughs", constitutes a contrast. Mr. Qian also quoted Li He's "Changgu Poetry", which said in front: "Light dew weeps and tears", referring to dew like crying tears, referring to deep hatred. The following said: "The wind is full of smiling eyes", and he smiled with joy, and tears came out of the smile.One sad and one happy, inconsistent and inconsistent.This goes back to the carelessness of Li He's poems.