Chapter 3 1. Appreciation theory (1) Mr. Qian's "Break Muscle Separation"

At the age of sixteen, Yu and his younger brother Zhong Han returned home from Suzhou-American Church Middle School for the summer vacation. The late emperor returned from Beijing, and they were both assigned to take literary classes. Then they learned about "Ancient Classics", "Parallel Wen Chao", " Eighteen Poems Copy" and other books ①.Absolutely no fresh interpretation, but Joe for entertainment; thinking about self-laughing, almost like Niu Pulang's reciting Tang poems②.And entered the university, specializing in Western languages.There are still many holidays, and Xu Dun has a good place to stay.Pretending to be familiar with the ancients is not to be taught by the teacher.There are famous commentators in the other collections of Zezong, and those who commented on them are asked to ask for them, and the two annotations of Tianshe ③ are also listed with them.To confront this article with annotations, if the two sides of the hearing are wrong; then review the cited books to verify their right and wrong.In order to experience the bleak management of genus words and things, I will use the help of my own luck.Gradually realize the division of sects, different genres, and even disparity in language, blocking the frontiers, and the eyes and hearts of poetry are often irresistible.As for the author's life experience and friendship, it is incomparable, and I can only spare no effort to cover it.

Walking alone in the dark is not worth it.Study tours in Europe, throwing away old careers.Guibo met Maojun Jingfan, and because he met his respected Mr. Guizhai in Yijin, he was read the "Notes and Supplementary Notes of Houshan Shitianshe".His book collects anecdotes, which are very helpful for soliciting texts and textual research. Ruo Fu Liu Yanhe's so-called "breaking muscles and separating principles"⑤, and Yan Yiqing's so-called "taking the heart and analyzing the bones"⑥ are not what you think about.Yu said that the supplementary notes are good, but Hu Bujing is a supplementary note.Jing Fan sneered at Yu: "It's not easy to talk about." The young man was angry, so he had to play for free, so don't take it from the Valley Shitian Society.

It's so good that there is no perseverance. If you don't go to the road, you can just make up for a few things.Out of a temporary technical itch, I was not addicted to yellow poetry at first. After "Talking Art Records" was published, I even wrote a collection of wine with Pan Junboying.Bo Ying lamented the beauty of Huang's poems, and he had long been famous for his poems. He almost wanted to be a Taoist in the valley with a petal of incense. Yun will select and annotate them in detail.It is said that Ou Mei is an official prostitute in Yu Bu's note, etc. ⑦, although Yu Xin feels it, but those who study the heart are definitely not in this category. (346 pages)

① "Classic Compilation of Ancient Words": Seventy-four volumes, edited by Yao Nai in the Qing Dynasty. "Parallel Wen Chao": Thirty-one volumes, edited by Li Zhaoluo of the Qing Dynasty. "Eighteen Poems": Twenty-eight volumes, edited by Zeng Guofan of the Qing Dynasty. ②Niu Pulang: a character in the middle. ③Two annotations from Tianshe: Huang Tingjian's "Inner Collection of Valley Poems" written by Ren Yuan, and Chen Shidao's annotations to "Houshan Collection". ④Mr. Guizhai: Guizhai, Mao Guangsheng, has fourteen volumes of "Notes and Supplementary Notes of Houshan Shitianshe".

⑤Liu Yanhe: The character of Liang Liuxie in the Southern Dynasties. "Wen Xin Diao Long? Preface" has the theory of "breaking muscles and separating principles". ⑥ Yan Yiqing: Song Yan Yu word.There is "Canglang Poetry Talk", followed by "Answer to Jishu Lin'an Wu Jingxian Book", which says: "In the meantime, it was said that Jiangxi's poetry was sick, and it was really the executioner who took the heart." When I talk about poetry, if Prince Nazha returns the bones to his father, and the flesh to his mother. " ⑦Oumei is an official prostitute: see "How to Correct Poetry Notes".

In this article, Mr. Qian talked about his own academic experience and how to improve his appreciation of poetry.When Mr. Qian was 16 years old, he started from reading anthologies, including "Classic Compilation of Ancient Prose", "Parallel Prose", and "Shiba Shichao". Yuan Zhu came to read "The Collection of Valleys" and "The Collection of Houshan", with the eyes of judges judging the case, regard the author and the commentator as two parties, see whether the annotations are in line with the author's intentions, and make judgments with the method of old officials breaking prisons. In this way It is necessary to check the documentary evidence, get to the bottom of it, search for the cited books, and verify the truth. This kind of reading method used by the old official to break the prison is indeed a practical research. Mr. Qian's intention in doing this is not to see that Ren Yuan Whether the note is correct or not lies in correcting the negligence and insufficiency of Ren Yuan’s note, finding out the origin of the words used in Huang Tingjian’s poems, and then exploring the feelings expressed in his poems, and exploring his expression by combining the feelings he expressed and the words he used to make sentences The method, that is, "experiencing the bleak management of words and things", and applying it to one's own creation, "it's my own help." Through such research, we can understand how the author forms various genres, how different styles he has, and even There are also differences in the use of words and sentences, so as to explore the author's poetic eye and literary heart. The poetic eye refers to the author's bleak management of words, and the literary heart refers to the author's intentions in expressing feelings. This kind of research comes into contact with Liu Xie's " "Break the muscles and separate the principles", carefully analyze the word structure of the works, and get the feelings he wants to express and the artistic skills he uses. It is also like Yan Yu said "take the heart and analyze the bones", "taking the heart" means exploring The soul of the author, "analysis of bones" refers to the analysis of the author's words.

What is said in this article can be confirmed from the "Dialogue on "Selected Notes to Song Poems".Seiya Uchiyama from Japan came to Shanghai Fudan University to study poetry with Professor Wang Shuizhao, see "Knowledge of Literature and History", Issue 5, 1989. "dialogue" Speaking of "reviewing the cited books to verify their truth and falsehood", he said: "Neishan: First of all, what we admire is Mr. Qian's strict citation of materials and his world-famous profoundness. So far, there seems to be no information about Song poetry. Made a systematic arrangement.

However, Mr. Qian has almost covered everything from basic documents to individual rare and sporadic materials.Whenever he quotes, it must be the first-hand material, and he translates and annotates the volumes.Due to the needs of translation ("Selected Notes of Song Poems"), we checked them one by one, and there were almost no mistakes.Accurate materials are the premise and foundation of all academic work, but works like Mr. Qian's that can withstand verification are rare. " Mr. Qian also said: "I want to experience the bleak management of words and things." "Dialogue" said: "Wang: Mr. Qian once said, 'I am interested in specific literary appreciation and judgment'. He is exactly On the basis of a large amount of data collected painstakingly, select, compare, synthesize, and analyze, that is to say, all proceed from specific and special aesthetic experience and facts to carry out experience description, general generalization, and theoretical deduction. From abstraction, to grasp the same and interlinked "literary mind" or human artistic thinking. For example, Xu Fu has a famous line: "One hundred and five days of cold food and rain, twenty-four flowers and trade winds", "Selected Notes on Song Poems" It is pointed out that this joint sentence was imitated by Lu You, Lou Yao, Peng Taosun, Qian Hou, etc. in the Southern Song Dynasty, and was followed by Zhang Gongyao, a Jin man. The citations fully reflect the fashion and influence of the "reborn" Jiangxi poetry school. "According to Lu You's "Spring Quatrains": "Twenty-four flowers have faith, and one hundred and seven solar eclipses are still cold." Lu You's poems obviously imitated Xu Fu. One hundred and seven days passed the Cold Food Festival, so Xu Fu's sentence seemed natural.Here we can not only realize the difference between words and things, but also see the influence of Jiangxi School of Poetry.

"Dialogue" also mentioned "Wang: Ye Shaoweng's spring is full of gardens and does not live, a branch of red apricot comes out of the wall". Lu You's "Xing Huo" is not as good as "Xin Jing", and Zhang Liangchen's is not as "specific". Here are the ins and outs, and there are good and bad comments. The generation of an image is not always isolated and static.There are a lot of historical and dynamic descriptions and analyzes of images in this book, which is also heart-wrenching. "Here we talk about the discussion of imagery, which has already involved "breaking the muscles and separating the principles" and "taking the heart and analyzing the bones".