Chapter 21 Chapter Nineteen: Ming's Novel on Human Love (Part 1)

Chapter Nineteen: Ming's Novel on Human Love (Part 1) When novels about gods and demons became popular, those who remembered personal events also emerged. They were based on the "silver characters" in the novels of city people in Song Dynasty. Fate describes the state of the world and sees its coolness, so it may also be called "the love letter of the world". Among the "love letters to the world", [1] is the most famous.At the beginning, only the banknotes were circulated, and Yuan Hongdao saw several volumes, and he regarded them as "outer codes" ("Shang Zheng"), [2] so the reputation flourished;Wanli Gengxu (1610), Wuzhong began to have a block edition, with a total of 100 chapters. The 53rd to 57th chapters of the original chapters were also supplemented when they were engraved (see "Ye Huo Bian" 25).The author does not know who, but Shen Defuyun is a famous scholar in Jiajing (see also "Ye Huo Bian"), Shiyin imitates Wang Shizhen of Taicang, or Yun Qimen (Xie Yi, Kangxi Yihai preface). 〔4〕This revives the false statement that Shizhen made this Wei by putting poison on paper to kill his enemies Yan Shifan, or those who followed Tang Shunzhi. "Crown its first. 〔6〕The whole book uses Ximen Qing as a clue, saying that Qing was named Siquan, a native of Qinghe, who "didn't read much, and wandered around all day long", had a wife and three concubines, and had "a man who didn't keep his duty by wiping his mouth in idleness", Became ten brothers, Fuyue Pan Jinlian, poisoned her husband Wu Da, took her as a concubine, Wu Song came to avenge, but couldn't find him, killed Li Waifu by mistake, and assassinated Mengzhou.However, Ximenqing was fine, so he became more and more unrestrained, and he became a concubine with Chunmei, the maidservant of Jinlian, and Li Ping'er, "and got two or three windfalls, and his family flourished."Li Ping'er gave birth to a son; Qing Ze, who bribed Cai Jing to win a thousand households of Jinwuwei's deputy, became more and more wanton, seeking medicine and indulging in lust and perverting the law.However, Pan Jinlian was jealous of Li Youzi, and tried to scare her repeatedly, and the son eventually died of illness; Li Tongzi also died.Pan Zeli flattered Ximen Qing, and on the eve of Qing, he drank too much medicine and died violently.Chunmei rejoined Qing's son-in-law, Chen Jingji, and was reprimanded after the incident, so Jinlian went out to live in the Wang's wife's house to be married, but Wu Song was pardoned and returned because she saw her killed; Chunmei was sold as Zhou Shou's concubine, favored, and gave birth to a child , was registered as Mrs.Huisun Xue'e was sold by the official because she was abducted again. Chunmei regretted that she "instigated Chen Jingji to beat Chen Jingji", so she bought it and humiliated him, and then sold it in a restaurant as a prostitute.He has made great contributions to the defense of the Songjiang River, and he has been promoted to the military and horse system in Jinan. Jingji is also listed in the army and promoted to a staff officer.Later Jin people invaded the bandits, and the guards died in battle. Chunmei had been in touch with her ex-wife's son, and died because of adultery and violence.Bijin soldiers are about to go to Qinghe, and Qing's wife and his posthumous son Xiaoge want to go to Jinan. On the way, they meet the monk Pujing and lead them to Yongfu Temple.

The author's situation in the world is sincere and insightful. Whatever is described is smooth, tortuous, revealing and full of appearance, hidden and ridiculed, or written on both sides at once to make them compare and change emotions. Sui Zai is obvious, and at the same time it is said that there is no more than that, so the world thinks that Wang Shizhen can't do it.It is said that the work of this book is dedicated to writing about adulterous husbands and sluts in the market place, which is completely inconsistent with this article. Because of Ximen Qing, it is called a family, and it is a gentry. All kinds of colors are not the only way to describe the rumors and deeds, and to write them down.

... The woman (Pan Jinlian) said, "I'm sorry, my dear, I remembered something, but I forgot to say it." Because Ling Chunmei said, "Take that shoe and show it to him." "Whose shoe do you recognize?" Ximen Qing said, "I don't know whose shoe it is." The woman said, "Look, he still beats a dick. You didn't tell me, the yellow cat and the black tail, what did you do?" What a cocoon. A stinky hoof of Laiwang’s daughter-in-law, treasured pearls are usually stored in the worship post box in the snow cave of Tibetan Spring Wu, and some writing paper and incense are stirred together. It’s no wonder that the thief and adulteress died and went to Abi Hell.” Pointing to Qiuju, he cursed, “This slave is my shoe, turned it out again, and taught me to hit it a few times.” Chunmei, "Go out with me as soon as possible." Chunmei swept the shoes to the ground, looked at Qiuju and said, "I will reward you and wear them." Then Qiuju picked up the shoes and said, "Mother, this shoe, I have to put it in place." I have only one toe." The woman scolded, "You are a slave, what kind of lady is you? She is the mother of your master's previous life! Otherwise, why are his shoes so precious? Until tomorrow Good for generations. Shameless goods!"

Qiu Ju took the shoes and went out, but was called back by the woman, who ordered, "Take the knife, and then I'll chop up the adulteress's shoes into pieces and loot them into the latrine, so that the thieves and adulteresses will never be reborn forever behind the shadowy mountain." .Yin said to Ximen Qing, "The more you look at it, the more you feel sorry for me, the more you look at me." Ximen Qing said with a smile, "It's my fault, just throw it away, I have such a heart."... (Second Eighteen times) ... When lighting the lamp, Cai Yushi said, "If you have been disturbed for a day, let's stop the wine." Because he got up to attend.The left and right were about to hold the lamps, Ximen Qing said, "Stop holding the lamps. Please change your clothes behind the old man." So...Let's go to the Jade Pavilion,...and close the corner door, only to see two singers, all dressed up, standing at the bottom of the steps, Inserting the candle forward also seems to kowtow four heads. ...Cai Yushi saw that he couldn't enter, and he couldn't give up if he wanted to retreat, so he said, "Siquan, why are you so loving? I'm afraid you can't do it." Ximen Qing laughed, "How different from the trip to Dongshan in the past? " Cai Yushi said, "I'm afraid I'm not as talented as An Shi, but you are as high as Wang Youjun."...Because I entered the hall, I saw that the cultural relics were still there, and because I asked for paper and pen, I wanted to leave an inscription as a gift.Ximenqing ordered the book boy to grind the Duanxi inkstone into thick ink, and brush off the brocade stick.This Cai Yushi is finally the number one scholar, with a brush in his hand, without adding points, writing like a dragon, and writing a poem with a flick of a lamp. ... (Chapter 49)

In the novels of the Ming Dynasty, those who promoted obscenity, every character pointed at something, and used words to avenge their old revenge, but it is extremely difficult to guess whether it is right or wrong.Shen Defu said that he also denounced current affairs, "Cai Jing and his sons refer to Fenyi, Lin Lingsu refers to Tao Zhongwen, Zhu Xi refers to Lu Bing, [7] and others also belong to each other." It is mainly like Ximen Qing, who should have his own. The name of the master, which is the so-called "There is a family that was rich and honored in the past, but now it is very desolate. It doesn't need any tricks, relatives, friends and brothers, no one can rely on, and they can only enjoy the glory for a few years, but they have done a lot. Talking target. There are also a few who are fighting for pets to rape and flirtatious. At first, they are very enchanting and charming, but in the end, they can't avoid the shadow of dead bodies lying on the lamps, and the blood stains the empty house" (the first chapter).At the end of the story, in the words of the Shi family, it is said that Brother Xiao, the posthumous son of Ximen Qing, slept in the abbot of Yongfu Temple. Wearing a heavy shackle, and tied an iron rope around the waist. Reusing the Zen staff only a little bit, it is still Brother Xiao sleeping on the bed....It turns out that Brother Xiao is Ximen Qing's caretaker" (Chapter 100).This matter is as strange as it is, but it is also said that the karma is left behind, and it is the same for many generations. The way to leave is only in "understanding".Ruoyun, a filial son who claims to be cool, uses this method of revenge, even though it is a clever plan, it is enough to arouse the color of this book, and it is unbelievable to prove that it is Gai Que.

Therefore, from the perspective of diction and imagery, it is nothing more than describing the world's conditions, making the most of its hypocrisy, and being bound by the decline of the world, everything is out of line, and bitter words are always serious and urgent, but they also sometimes involve hidden songs, and there are many obscene ones.Later, other articles may be omitted, focusing on this point, because of the bad posthumous title, it is called "obscene book"; at that time, it was actually fashionable.At the time of Chenghua, the alchemist Li Ziseng Jixiao was already very expensive with the art of donating his house. When he came to Jiajing, Tao Zhongwen was lucky to buy red lead from Shizong.As a result, the trend of decline gradually spread to the ranks of scholars. The imperial censor Sheng Duanming and the envoy Gu Kexue [8] all started their careers as Jinshi, and all of them took advantage of "Autumn Stone Fang" to reach high positions.It shows glory in an instant, and is envied by the world. Those who are lucky often exhaust their intelligence to find strange prescriptions. The world is gradually not ashamed to talk about boudoir prescriptions.The atmosphere has changed, and it has reached Wenlin. Therefore, since the alchemists began to use it, the prescriptions and medicines have flourished, and the hearts of demons have flourished, and the novels also talk about gods and demons, and they often narrate the bed.

However, the author is able to write, so although there are some obscene words, other good points are free. As for the low-level, he writes intentionally, focusing on sexual intercourse, and it is more normal. It's just out of class.In particular, the lower ones want to speak sarcasm, but they can't write it. Instead, they write small books and publish them in the world. There was another famous "Yujiao Li" [10] in Wanli, and Yun also came out of the author's hand.Yuan Hongdao once heard about Dalue, saying that "in each of the previous books, there is a karma of retribution. The descendants of Wuhan University turned into adulterous husbands, and they were rewarded at the top; Affair, to see reincarnation unhappy."Later, when Shen Defu read the first volume, he thought that "it is obscene and arrogant, contrary to morality and reason,... His emperor called Wanyan Dading, and Guixi (Xia Yan) [11] Fenyi (Yan Song) was framed, and it also implied Yan. As far as Jiajing, Xin Chou, the concubine, and the princes often wrote their names directly, which is especially frightening. .Now his book has been lost, although there are occasional people who have seen it, but the articles and deeds are not similar to Yuan Shen's words.

There are a total of sixty-four episodes before and after "Continuation of Jin Ping Mei", titled "Compiled by Ziyang Taoist".It is said that in the Eastern Han Dynasty, there was an immortal Ding Lingwei in Sanhan, Liaodong; five hundred years later, there was an immortal Ding Yehe in the West Lake of Lin'an. Linhua's last words said, "Five hundred years later, there will be another person named Ding Yehe, who is my descendant, and will come here to visit each other. '. Later to the end of the Ming Dynasty, there was a man from Donghai with the same name and surname, who came here to leave office and left, claiming to be a Taoist of Ziyang." (Sixty-two chapters) there is "Taishang Induction Chapter Yin and Yang Wuzi Jie" (12) at the beginning of the volume, signed " Ding Yaokang from the cities of Lu participated in the explanation", the preface says, "Since treacherous Qi burned the "History of Heaven" in Nandu, Haisang has changed, and no longer talks about cause and effect. Now, seeing the "Induction Chapter" issued by the Holy Son of Heaven, I made my own imperial preface , admonish ministers and workers." Therefore, "Xu Jin Ping Mei" should be dated to the early Qing Dynasty, and Ding Yaokang is its author.Yaokang, styled Xisheng, nicknamed Yehe, was born in Zhucheng, Shandong, and was known as Zhusheng. He went to the south of the Yangtze River to join the literary society with various famous scholars.He entered Beijing in the fourth year of Shunzhi in the Qing Dynasty. He was born in Shuntian and paid tribute to him.Later, he was taught by Rongcheng, and moved to Hui'an county magistrate, but did not go there. After sixty, his eyesight became ill, and he claimed to be a Taoist in Muji. He died at the age of seventy-two (approximately 1620-1691). He wrote more than ten collections of poems Volumes, four types of legends (Qianlong's "Zhucheng Zhi" thirteen and thirty-six) [13]. "History of Heaven" is similar to all the good and bad things in the past dynasties, and it was burned in the southern capital. It is not detailed.

The idea of ​​"Continuing Jin Ping Mei" is very simple. In the first episode, it is said that Pu Jing is the incarnation of Ksitigarbha Bodhisattva. He gives food for a day, and uses the book of reincarnation to point out the ghosts, so as to know the evil retribution in the future. Ximenqing is the son of Shen Yue, a wealthy family in Bianjing. Beauty, corrected to take it, renamed Yinping.The Jin people were trapped in Bian, the people were displaced, and Jin Ge became a beggar; Yin Ping was a prostitute, and he was connected with Zheng Yuqing, and later married as a concubine of Zhai Yuan, and fled to Yangzhou with Zheng Kai, where he was earned by Miao Qing, but he died.The second episode tells the story of a girl named Meiyu from Kongqian households in Tokyo, who envies wealth and honor, and is willing to be the concubine of the golden man Jinhamu. It was Chunmei's descendant, and the eldest wife, Sun Xue'e, was reborn, so she prayed to Buddha for a long time, without feeling angry, she was able to escape.Pan Jinlian was reincarnated as the commanding daughter of Shandong Li, named Jin Gui, whose husband was Liu Laizi. Her previous life was actually Chen Jingji. Chronic disease also.

The rest of the article talks about the retribution of other people's entanglement, interspersed with major national events, and cites Buddhist scriptures, Taoism, Confucianism, and explanations in detail, often hundreds of words. When the Buddha talked about Neo-Confucianism, he first talked about cause and effect, and cause and effect have no basis, so he started again" (the first chapter).The author of Ming's "obscene books" was originally intended to clarify cause and effect, but as for this book, he saw that "there are only couples living together, and there are many accidents... creating a lot of unjust karma, which is repaid from generation to generation. It's really love and lust. Jian, one said the word color, and the other said the word "empty" in "Continuing Jin Ping Mei", from the color to the emptiness, that is, emptiness is form, which is the result of self-retribution, and transferred to Buddhism" (forty-three chapters).However, the so-called Buddhism is very impure, and it is still mixed with Confucianism and Taoism. It is not very different from the intentions of the writers of gods and demons, but it seems to be more serious, and they want to be unattached. Disadvantages of people with poor education, such as the confiscation of Li Shishi’s old house and the establishment of the Dajue Ni Temple, Confucianism and Taoism have come forward to dispute, which is an example:

... The prosperity of Dajue Temple is not mentioned here.Later, because the Taoist officials of the Temple of Heaven and the students competed for this land, the superiors decided not to open it, and each wrote a copy in the Wushu Prince's camp, saying, "This Master Li's residence is spacious, and monks and prostitutes live together. The temple is only built for nuns. I'm afraid there will be troubles for a long time, so it should be used as a public office. The second half of the garden should be divided into three churches, and a lecture hall for Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism." The prince approved, and the three disputes were settled.The Taoist official saw that he was not alone, but also divided into three parts, so he didn't come to take care of him.Wu Daoli, Bu Shou, a talented scholar in Kaifeng Prefecture, divided two shameless students, and in the name of this, he also posted an official post, each of whom paid three yuan, and collected three or four hundred and two cents.Three halls were built in a few days. Originally, Sakyamuni Buddha was in the middle, Lao Tzu was on the left, and Confucius was on the right. Because he refused to destroy his own facade, he put Confucius in the middle, Buddha and Lao on the left and right, in order to see the meaning of belittling heretics and heretics.Turn the terrace and pond in the garden, and the two makeup pavilions, where the silver vases used to be bedrooms, into study rooms. ...These elegant men, interesting literati, and those vagrants don't teach Zen or sermons. They drink wine and compose poems in the three churches every day, but they talk about sex, which is a good place to be happy.The title is Sankong Academy, which means that the three teachings are all empty. ... (Chapter Thirty-seventh "Three Churches Brothel into a Pure Land") There are also forty-eight chapters of "The Shadow of the Screen" [15]. The world also thinks that it is a later version, but in fact it changed the names of the people (such as Ximen Qing as Nan Gongji) and chapters in "Xu Jin Ping Mei", and deleted the words of cause and effect. It has been completed, the end of the book is not finished, and Gai will continue it, but it has not yet been released.A "San Shi Bao" will almost include the things to be continued in the future; or it is also a long-standing career that Wuhan University was poisoned, and the number of three generations will be obtained. ※ ※ ※ [1] Written by Guan Ling Xiaoxiaosheng, whose real name is unknown.Lanling is located in Yi County, Shandong Province today.Lu Xun pointed out in his Preface to the Japanese Translation of "A Brief History of Chinese Fiction": ""Jin Ping Mei Ci Hua" was discovered in Beiping, and it is the ancestor of the same book that is still in use today. Written, it definitely proves that this is definitely not the book written by Wang Shizhen from Jiangsu.” 〔2〕Regarding the issue of being called "external canon", Yuan Hongdao's "Shangzheng·Anecdotes" regards wine records and wine decrees as "inner canon", historical biography and poems as "outer canon", and "legends and so on as anecdotal canon".Volume 25 of Shen Defu's "Ye Huo Bian": "Yuan Zhonglang's "Shang Zheng" is regarded as an external canon, and I regret not seeing it," mistakenly using "Yi Dian" as an "external canon".Lu Xun followed the theory of "Ye Huo Bian" here. 〔3〕Three Great Books The Preface to the Preface to the Plum in the Golden Ping by Diao Sou in the West Lake says: "Today, there are so many novels in the forest, and I only recommend three great books: "Water Margin", "Journey to the West", and "Journey to the West". [4] There are different opinions about the author.Volume 25 of Shen Defu's "Ye Huo Bian" says: "I heard this was written by a famous person in the Jiajing period". "Hanhua'an Essay" says: "A book handed down from generation to generation was written by Mr. Wang Yanzhou"; Qing Gu Gongxie's "Excerpts of Xiaoxia Leisurely Records" also says that the author is "(Wang) Yanzi Fengzhou".Xie Yi's preface to Zhang Zhupo's commentary said: "The book "Jin Ping" is said to be the work of Fengzhou disciples, or it is said that it was written by Fengzhou." , a native of Taicang (now Jiangsu) in the Ming Dynasty, an official to the Minister of Criminal Affairs in Nanjing.Author of "Yanzhou Shanren Four Manuscripts" and so on. [5] There are different legends about Wang Shizhen's book "to kill his enemy".Gu Gongxie's Excerpt from "Xiaxia Leisure Records" said that Wang Yan's family collected "A Picture of Shanghe During the Qingming Festival", "Yan Shifan demanded it strongly, and couldn't bear to give it up, so he looked for a famous imitator to offer it."Shi Fan knew about it and harmed him later. "Yizi Fengzhou mourned his father's unjust death, and there is no reason to report it", so he wrote and dedicated it.Fengzhou heavily bribed the pedicure worker Yu Shifan to slightly injure his foot when he was concentrating on reading. "Hanhua'an Essay" says: "This book was written by a filial son to avenge his father's enemies. The filial son knew a giant man who actually killed the filial son's father, and it was useless to report it. Later, he suddenly found out about the giant man. When looking at a book, you must use your fingertips to turn over the leaves of the book." The filial son wrote this book in three years, "sticking poison to the corner of the paper", and Ju Gong read the book so far, "the poison spreads and he dies."Bing said: "The filial son is Fengzhou. The great man is Tang Jingchuan. The father of Fengzhou, Yan, died in the Yan family, which is really the name of Jingchuan." Yan Shifan (?—1565), named Donglou, Ming Fenyi (now Belongs to Jiangxi), an official to the left servant of the Ministry of Industry.He and his father Yan Song manipulated state affairs and committed crimes for many years before being executed.Tang Shunzhi (1507-1560), courtesy name Yingde and nickname Jingchuan, was born in Wujin (now part of Jiangsu) in the Ming Dynasty, and was the censor of the capital of Youqian.Author of "Mr. Jingchuan Collected Works" and so on. 〔6〕Zhang Zhupo was born in Pengcheng (now Xuzhou, Jiangsu) in the Qing Dynasty, and his life is unknown.Liu Tingji's "Zaiyuan Magazine" said: "It is incomparable to deeply understand human feelings and world affairs. It is really a wonderful book... Zhang Zhupo of Pengcheng is the first to outline the outline, and the second is to annotate and comment on each volume and paragraph by volume. Persuasion, it is clear at a glance. It is a pity that his life will not last forever. After his death, the publication board will be paid to Wang Cangfu, and he will be burned, so there are very few people in the country." "Theory of Bitter Filial Piety", written by Zhang Zhupo.It is said that the author is a filial son, and his relatives are counted by enemies, so there is this work. At the end of the article, there are words such as "the author's heart, is there any pain left, so it should be called "Qi Suan Zhi" and "Bitter Filial Piety" and other words. [7] Fenyi refers to Yan Song, a native of Fenyi (now Jiangxi) in the Ming Dynasty, a treacherous official during the Jiajing period.Tao Zhongwen and Lu Bing were all courtiers during the Jiajing period, and they are biography in "History of Ming Dynasty · Biography of Ning Xing". 〔8〕Sheng Duanming and Gu Kexue below are both biographical in "Ming History·Ning Xing Biography", a courtier during the Jiajing period. [9] "Meat Pu Tuan", also known as "Juehou Zen", has six volumes and twenty chapters. The old engraved version is titled "Compiled by Taoists who are infatuated with love", and another title is "Compiled by Mr. Qingyin".Liu Tingji's "Zaiyuan Magazine" is said to be written by Li Yu.Li Yu, see note [22] on page 89 of this volume. [10] "Yujiao Li" was also written as "Yu Jiaoli", which has been lost.Volume 25 of Shen Defu's "Ye Huo Bian": "Zhonglang Youyun, there is still a famous "Yujiao Li", who also came from this famous scholar, and each set up retribution karma with the previous book. " 〔11〕Guixi refers to Xia Yan, a native of Guixi (now in Jiangxi), a scholar from Jiajing Shiguan to Wuyingdian University.See "History of Ming Dynasty Xia Yan Zhuan". 〔12〕 "The Yin and Yang Wordless Explanation of Taishang Sensuo Chapter" written by Ding Yaokang.The content is a reference to the theme of "Taishang Induction". "Taishang Induction Chapter", "Tao Zang · Taiqing Department" contains 30 volumes, titled "Biography of Li Changling in Song Dynasty". 〔13〕Regarding Yaokang's works, according to "The Chronicles of Zhucheng in Qianlong", there are one volume of poetry collection "Xiaoyaoyou", five volumes of "Lu Fang Poetry and Grass", two volumes of "Jiaoqiu Poems", one volume of "Jianggancao", and "Gui The second volume of "Mountain Grass" and the first volume of "Listening to Mountain Pavilion Grass".There are four kinds of legends, referring to "Legend of West Lake Fan", "Legend of Huaren You", "Legend of Snake Gallbladder", and "Legend of Chisong You". 〔14〕Zhong Yu Zhengzi Shu Lian, a native of Yidu (now Shandong) in the Ming Dynasty, was an official to the Minister of the Ministry of Industry. Author of "Chong Ya Tang Ji". 〔15〕The full name of "The Shadow of the Flowers across the Curtain" is "The Shadow of the Flowers across the Curtain".Written by an unknown person in the Qing Dynasty, there is a preface by Siqiao Layman at the beginning of the volume.It is probably the work after Kangxi.