Chapter 19 About Men (Part 5)
I want to write about my wife, Wu Wenzao, who has lived with me for fifty-six years, before I finally write. This is the last thing I want to do in my writing career, because this It is something that others may not necessarily be able to do, and it is incomplete.
I have started this article countless times, and every time it is full of emotions and thoughts, I don't know where to start!In the end, I decided to calmly and briefly describe the "ordinary" life we have spent together for more than half a century, which is the same as most intellectuals in the country at that time.
On the foggy morning of January 17 this year, I wrote an article for the magazine "Marriage and Family" entitled "On Marriage and Family".I say:
Only with healthy cells can there be a healthy society, and even a healthy country.
A family is primarily composed of a husband and wife.
The relationship between husband and wife is the closest and longest-lasting kind of human relationship.
The relationship between husband and wife is a marriage relationship, and a marriage without love is immoral.
Love should not only pay attention to "talent" and "appearance" emotionally, but should rationally notice the "like-mindedness" of both parties
(The "will" and "Tao" include love for the motherland, love for the people, love for labor, etc.), and then "like-minded"
(The "love" and "meaning" include living habits and hobbies, etc.).
After a not-too-short time test, family organization can be considered.
A family should be responsible for a healthy cell to the society and the country, because there are tens of thousands of cells around it.
A family needs to live in the interpersonal relationship between the two parties for a long time, not only to raise its own children, but also to support the parents of both parties, and to live in harmony among the relatives, friends, teachers, and students of both parties.
Marriage is not the grave of love, but the beginning of a more intimate love that unites soul and body.
"When two people are of the same heart, their sharpness can cut through gold" is the crystallization of the wisdom of the Chinese people for thousands of years.
The road of life, in the end, is less flat and more rugged.
On the flat road, when walking hand in hand, there is a warm spring breeze around and a clear autumn moon above.The two hearts fully enjoy the quiet and smooth music of "Qin Se Harmony".
On the bumpy road, when walking with support, we must endure our respective grievances and pains, and on the road full of thorns, we should comfort and encourage each other and help each other.
There is a loyal and sincere love in the maintenance, and there will never be any artificial "drawing the line", what kind of divorce and running away, there will be no family ruin, and there will be no education that destroys people because of extremes, weirdness, injustice, and anger. Children of the social order.
On the road of life, there are not only "family difficulties"!And there are "national worries", and there are also World Wars and Star Wars.
But the tens of thousands of families composed of healthy and happy love and marriage can face all these bravely!
I accepted the task of writing "On Marriage and Family" when I was immersed in the emotion of nostalgia for Wen Zao.I didn't seem to have thought about it, and I wrote it naturally and smoothly as soon as I picked up the pen.I stopped writing as much as I wanted, and from the beginning, it seems that I have written the common ideals, wishes and hard work of our own life, and I have written the skeleton of my current article!
In the following, I try to be concise, just write down some meaningful and interesting trivial things in our lives that are worth writing down.
We have to start with our chance meeting.
On August 17, 1923, the USS Jackson set sail from Shanghai to Seattle on the west coast of the United States.This time the Chinese students on board filled the first-class cabins on the ship.Among them, there are more than 100 students from the Tsinghua Preparatory School for Studying in the United States alone. Therefore, the two-week time spent across the Pacific Ocean is similar to the situation of going to college in China. The difference is that there is no classroom life, and I have made more friends.
My classmate Wu Lumei in Beiman Middle School—who had already gone to the United States at her own expense— wrote to ask me to find her younger brother, Tsinghua student—Wu Zhuo on this boat.The second day after I arrived on the ship, I asked my classmate Xu Dishan to find Wu Zhuo, but he brought Wu Wenzao.Only when I asked the name did I realize that I had found the wrong person!At that time, several of our Yanda classmates were playing a game of throwing sandbags, so we invited him to join.After that, I leaned on the railing of the boat to watch the sea and chat.I asked him what he wanted to study in the United States?He said he wanted to study sociology.He also asked me, and I said that I naturally wanted to study literature, and I wanted to take some homework about British nineteenth-century poets.He listed several books written by famous British and American critics on Byron and Shelley, and asked if I had read them?I haven't even seen it.He said: "If you don't take advantage of the time abroad to read more extracurricular books, then this trip to the United States will be in vain!" His words hurt me deeply!I have never heard such harsh advice.I had already started writing before going abroad, and both the poetry collection "Stars" and the novel collection "Superman" had been published.This time on the boat, the friends I met through introductions generally said politely "Long-awaited, long-awaited". When meeting him for the first time, he was willing to speak so frankly, which made me terrified to regard him as my first critical friend. , Friends!
Among the Tsinghua students on board this time, there were Liang Shiqiu, Gu Yiqiao and other people who were interested in literature and art, and they made a wall newspaper.I also wrote articles on it and participated in their symposiums.Wen Zao didn't take part in any of these matters, he didn't seem to have much interest in literature and art, and he never mentioned my works when talking to me.
The two weeks on the ship passed like flowing water.When they were about to disembark, everyone wrote down their addresses and made appointments for correspondence.He didn't know that after I enrolled in Wellesley Women's University Graduate School in Boston, I got many letters from my boyfriend and girlfriend on the same boat. , I wrote a letter.
He is a person who loves reading and buying books. Whenever he buys a book about literature, he will send it to me after reading it himself.As soon as I received the book, I read it quickly, and wrote a letter to report my experience and insights after reading it, as seriously as reading a reference book designated by a teacher.
When the teacher talked with me outside the class, he was amazed by the extensive reading outside the class and asked me who helped me?I told her it was a Chinese friend of mine.She said: "This friend of yours is a very good scholar!" Of course I didn't tell Wen Zao about these things.
Less than nine weeks after I entered school, my old disease—enlarged air bronchus—recurred, and I was admitted to the Sharang Sanatorium.At that time, the teachers, Chinese and American students from the University of Wisconsin, as well as the male students in Boston often came to see me.Wen Zao is a third-year student in the Sociology Department of Dartmouth College in New Hampshire in the northeast of New England—the last two years of the Tsinghua Preparatory School for Studying in America, which is equivalent to a sophomore in an American university—New Hampshire is very far from Boston. It takes about seven or eight hours by train.I remember that in the winter of 1923, when he was going to New York for his annual vacation, he passed by Boston, and he and several Tsinghua classmates in Boston came to condolences to me.In the autumn of 1924 I recovered from illness and went back to school.In the spring of 1925, a Chinese student in Boston performed "The Story of the Pipa" for an American friend. I sent him an admission ticket along with the letter.He originally said that he was too busy with homework and couldn't come, and he apologized to me.But on the second day after the show, he was one of the few male classmates who came to my resting place - my American friend's house - to see me!
In the summer of 1925, I went to the summer school of Cornell University in Itsca to study French, because a second foreign language was required for the master's degree.When I got to Cornell, I found out that he was coming too. I didn’t tell me beforehand, but I just said that he had graduated from university and needed to study French for his master’s degree.There were no other Chinese students in this summer school. Those who were studying at Cornell were all on vacation elsewhere.Qisejia is a scenic area, so we go sightseeing together almost every day after class, and we come out of the library every night and sit on the stone steps to chat.The night is as cool as water, with either the moon or the stars overhead.Up to that time, we had exchanged letters for two years, and we had a deep understanding of each other, so one day when we were rowing on the lake, he confided that he would spend his whole life with me.After a night of thinking, I told him the next day that I have no opinion, but the final decision is still up to my parents, although I know that as long as I have no opinion, my parents will not have any opinion!
In the autumn of 1925, he entered Columbia University in New York, which was closer to Boston, and his correspondence and contacts became more frequent.
I remember that at this time he gave me a large box of elegant letter paper with my initials printed on it.He himself writes letters almost every day, and express delivery on Sundays, because the U.S. Post Office does not deliver ordinary letters on Sundays. At this time, the supervisor and classmates in my dormitory all know that I have a very good boyfriend.
In the winter of 1925, Wang Guoxiu, a classmate of mine at the University of Granville, who was going to Columbia University after graduation, wrote me a letter asking me to go to New York for vacation.When I arrived in New York, Guoxiu and Wenzao came to pick me up together.We had a great time in New York and saw Shakespeare several times.
In the summer of 1926, I obtained a master's degree from the University of Pittsburgh and was invited to teach at my alma mater, Yanda University.Wen Zao wrote a long letter and attached a photo for me to take back to my parents.I was too embarrassed to hand it in person when I got home, so I just quietly put the letter on the small table beside my father's bed one night.The next day, neither of my parents mentioned this matter, and it was even harder for me to ask.
In the winter of 1928, he received a Ph.D. from Columbia University, and also received the Columbia University's "Best Foreign Student in the Last Ten Years" award.He passed through the Soviet Union via Europe and arrived in Beijing in early 1929.At this time, he had accepted the teaching appointment of Yanda University and Tsinghua University, and Yanda University also assigned us to live in a small building built in Yannan Garden.
At that time my father was the director of the Shanghai Hydrographic Bureau.Wen Zao returned to Shanghai within a few days after arriving in Beijing. My parents welcomed him happily. He stayed with us for two days and then went back to his hometown in Jiangyin.After returning from Jiangyin, a simple engagement ceremony was held at my home.
After the annual vacation, in the spring of 1929, we all returned to teach at Yanda University, and I was busy with all the preparations for my marriage and family after school.As for him, besides asking a master carpenter to make a large bookshelf "upright" with wooden boards on the north wall of his study downstairs, he is only busy buying a few half-new bookcases, card cabinets and desks, etc., to decorate our new house. Let me take care of everything from decoration and gardening to planting flowers and trees.
Our wedding was held at the Linhuxuan of Yanda University. June 15, 1929 was a Saturday.The wedding was very simple. The guests were only colleagues and classmates from Yanda University and Tsinghua University. I remember that the cake, coffee and tea for the guests that day only cost 34 yuan!
The wedding night was spent at Dajue Temple in the west of Beijing.In that empty room, apart from the two cots I brought with me, there was only a small table with three legs—the other leg was padded with broken bricks.Two days later we came back and lived separately in our respective dormitories, because the new house hadn't been built yet, and the school wasn't on holiday yet.
During the summer vacation, we returned to Shanghai and Jiangyin to visit relatives.The wedding banquet they held for us was much more grand than the one we held in Beijing, and there were more relatives and friends. We gave many of the red curtains we collected to our parents as gifts for relatives and friends in the future.
Our friends advised us to go to Hangzhou West Lake for our honeymoon, but we only stayed for one day and the heat burned out. The West Lake in summer is like a steamer!At that time, Liu Fangyuan’s cousin’s family was escaping the summer heat in Mogan Mountain, and we were invited to live in Mogan Mountain for a few days.Wen Zao was thinking about the teaching after autumn, and I was thinking about the layout of the new house. Before the vacation was over, I hurried back to Beijing.About this paragraph, I have described it in the novel "The First Banquet".
After class, Wen Zao sat down in his study contentedly, as if he could live a life of nerd preparing lessons, teaching, and researching for a lifetime.
1930 was an eventful year for our family. My mother and Wen Zao's father passed away one after another.His mother went north to live with us, and my father soon retired and returned to Beijing.At this time, my second brother Wei Jie had been promoted to Yanda University, and his younger sister Jianqun also entered Yanda University to study home economics.They all lived in dormitories, but they all came back often.I have no sisters, and Wen Zao has no brothers. At this time, both parties feel that they have made compensation.
Let me insert an interesting fact here.When I first arrived in the United States in 1923, I spent five dollars to take one or two photos and send them back to China to comfort my parents.Wenzao asked my father for the larger photo after my mother passed away, and put it on his desk. I asked him, "Do you really want to look at it every day, or is it just a decoration?" He smiled. Said: "Of course I want to read it every day." One day I took advantage of him to go to class and put a photo of movie star Ruan Lingyu into the frame. After a few days, he ignored it.Later, I reminded him: "Look whose photo on the table belongs to you?" He smiled and changed the photo after seeing it, and said, "Why are you making such a joke?" Another time was a sunny spring In the morning, we were all enjoying the flowers in front of the building, and his mother asked me to call him out of the study.He came out and stood in front of the lilac tree with a blank look and asked me as if to entertain me:
"What kind of flower is this?" I suppressed a smile and replied, "This is Xiangding." He nodded and said, "Oh, Xiangding." Everyone laughed out loud.
For several years after my marriage, I continued to teach on and off, though on reduced hours.
In February 1931, our son Wu Ping was born.In May 1935 we had another daughter—Wu Bing.I have tasted the joy and hardship of being a mother.I bathe my baby every morning on a special folding canvas high table.Our younger siblings and students all came to see it, but Wen Zao never went upstairs to share our laughter.
In the nearly ten years of teaching at Yanda University, we have fully enjoyed the cordial and harmonious relationship between teachers and students.Not only do we have our own students, but we also have students in common.We not only have in-class contacts, but also extra-curricular conversations and contacts.The students told us many problems in life: marriage, future majors, etc. We will do our best to help if we can. Wen Zao focuses on the problem of sending graduate students studying sociology to study abroad.From 1935 to 1936, when Wen Zao was on vacation, I spent a week with him in Europe and America.He searched for teachers and friends everywhere in Japan, the United States, the United Kingdom, and France, and arranged for several outstanding students to enroll and study as teachers.He mentioned in his autobiography: "I generally made specific and targeted questions about which student, which country to go to, which school, who to learn from, and which school of theory and methods to absorb. Arrangements." So during this year when he was serving various universities in various countries, I just traveled around. When I arrived in France, he wanted to go to Oxford and Cambridge in the UK to study the "tutorial system", but I was in Paris by myself. Lived for a leisurely one hundred days!At the end of June 1937, we returned to China via Siberia, and a week later, the "July 7th Incident" broke out!
The last draft to be continued was written on April 24 this year.Seven months have passed, and the editor comrades in the middle have come to urge me many times, but I can't write any more! Memories of my life in the decades after the "July 7th Incident" always make me feel timid and sad, and I can't write. When it comes to Wen Zao and I, it's really "interlaced like a mountain". What to talk about endlessly, I don't know.His "upright" big bookshelf is full of sociology and anthropology books in Chinese and foreign languages, but I didn't have the courage to look through them.To comment on his academic work and work, we should read the accounts written by his students and the articles commemorating him, as well as his publication in the sixth issue of Jinyang Academic Journal in 1982. His "Autobiography", which is nearly 9,000 words, talks about: what school he went to, what homework he studied, which teacher he learned from, what articles he wrote, and what friends he made since his life. Then what courses are taught, which students are trained... There are only two places where I am mentioned: when we met and when we got married, just a few words!As for the birth date and names of the children, they did not mention a single word.No wonder his students wrote articles mourning him, saying: "Mr. Wu once said with emotion, 'I spend more energy and thought on cultivating students than I spend on my own children'."
I can't invite readers to read his "Autobiography", but I should also use the words in his "Autobiography" to summarize his work at Yanda University for nearly ten years before the "July 7th Incident": (1) Lectures, with In the words of his students, "establish a sociology teaching and scientific research system 'suitable for my country's national conditions', so that 'Chinese-style sociology' takes root in Chinese soil."
(2) Cultivate professional talents, invite foreign experts to give lectures and guide graduate students, and send outstanding graduate students to study abroad.
(The names and nationalities of the experts and students "please come in" and "send out" can only be omitted.)
(3) It promotes community research. "Use the same regional or cultural viewpoints and methods to conduct social research in different regions separately." I only know that several students who often came to my house for discussions at that time went to various parts of the country to do this kind of work. Now these few are well-known scholars and professors, here I dare not use their fame to add glory to my space!But I deeply realized how much "energy and thought" was hidden behind Wen Zao's "blind gaze" and "a sense of stupidity" in those years!It is advisable to insert another pagoda poem mocking him here, which was composed by me and the president of Tsinghua University, Mr. Mei Yiqi.The above seven sentences are: Ma Xiangding's feather yarn is poor in everything. It's a joke when I get home. It's a joke for education. It turns out that the joke about "horse" and "feather yarn" in Tsinghua University was in Beijing before the Anti-Japanese War. One day we went to the city together. Visiting my father, I sent him to the street to buy "Sachima" for the child
(a kind of dim sum), children can't say Saqima, generally only say "horse".Therefore, when he went to the shop, he would only talk about buying "horses".And I want to give my father a pair of double-silk robes for face.He went to the "Daoxiang Village" snack shop and "Dongshengxiang"
The cloth shop, the names of these two things cannot be said.Fortunately, the salespersons of those two stores knew my family well, so they called to ask. The clerk of "Dongshengxiang" asked: "What do you want to buy more than ten feet of feather yarn for?" We all laughed, and I said:
"He's such a silly uncle!" My father smiled and said, "I didn't pick this silly uncle for you!" I had no choice but to admit it.When we arrived in Yunnan after the Anti-Japanese War, President Mei and his wife came to spend the weekend at my home in Chenggong. I wrote this resentment into a pagoda poem to vent on Tsinghua University.Principal Mei smiled and continued to write the following two sentences: Ms. Bing Xin has poor eyesight and a nerd, how can she be a social butterfly?
Come back and talk about something more serious. In the year after the July 7th Incident, both Peking University and Tsinghua University moved south. Because Yanda University was run by the American church, it was not disturbed at that time.But we felt that we could not stay in Beiping for a moment. At the same time, Wen Zao had already contacted Yunnan University in the rear, and set up a social anthropology lecture at Yunda with Yinggeng funds, and he would teach.At that time, it was only because I was pregnant with my youngest daughter, Wu Qing, who was not due to be born until November, and the University of Yankee also forced us to stay for another year.In this year, we are only going to leave everything-I wrote this paragraph in an article in great detail.
In the autumn of 1938, we took the sea route from Tianjin to Shanghai, sent Wen Zao’s mother to his sister, and then took a small train from Haiphong in Annan (Vietnam at the time) to Kunming in Yunnan via Hong Kong.This journey, the difficulties and twists and turns of the journey, and the vicious sorrow and anger of the mood, cannot be described in detail.I remember the night when we arrived at the Kunming Hotel, we were too tired to lift our heads. The little girl Wu Qing who was only eight months old in my arms suddenly clapped her hands and laughed. That big pot of scarlet rhododendrons on the round table!
In Wen Zao's own words: "From the time I left Yenching University in 1938 until I returned from Japan in 1951, my life has been in an unstable state during the war."
When he arrived at Yunnan University, he established the Department of Sociology and served as the head of the department. In the same year, he was entrusted by Yanda University in Beijing to establish a "Field Investigation Workstation" in cooperation between Yanda University and Yunda University.Not long after we lived in Kunming, there was another Japanese bombing, so we took our children and moved to Chenggong in the suburbs, where we lived in "Fahrenheit". I renamed this ancestral-style house "Molu". In February 1940, it was written in detail in the "Molu Test Pen" written for Hong Kong's "Ta Kung Pao" (at the request of Yang Gang).
Since then, Wenzao has lived apart from us.Every weekend, he rode home from the city, often bringing a few friends from Southwest Associated University without family members, such as Luo Changpei, Zheng Tianxiang and Yang Zhensheng who are known as the "Three Musketeers".I have also described these situations of having fun amid hardships in the preface to Mr. Luo Changpei's "The Difficult Road to Shu".
At the end of 1940, because Ying Geng’s lectures were disturbed, he could not continue. At the same time, his classmates from Tsinghua who were working in the National Defense Supreme Committee in Chongqing persuaded him to become a counselor in the committee, responsible for studying ethnic, religious and educational issues in the frontier, and Express views.So our family moved to Chongqing again.
When we arrived in Chongqing, Wen Zao was still staying at a friend’s house in the city, while my children and I lived in Gele Mountain in the suburbs, where there was a mud house without walls, which we bought with 6,000 yuan from selling books.I call it "Qianlu". About this earthen house and the scenery in front of the door, I also talked about it in "Essays on Ligou Small Window".
I remember that in the spring of 1942, Wen Zao suffered from severe pneumonia. I stayed with him in the "Central Hospital" at the foot of the mountain, which is the affiliated hospital of "Shanghai Medical College" for nearly a month. Careful treatment, according to director Qian said that pneumonia usually lasts within a week, and there must be a turning point, when the bad luck is known.
But Wen Zao's high fever at that time lasted for thirteen days!One morning, the nurse tried his pulse, and came to me in a panic and quietly told me: "His pulse is only thirty-six." I was so anxious that I ran to the dormitory at the back of the hospital to find Dr. Wang Pengwan. The couple—his lover, Ms. Zhang, was my classmate—at that time I just felt that my legs were weak, and I couldn't even walk up a small hill!When Dr. Wang and I came back to the ward, we saw that the quilt on Wen Zao's body had been lifted, and there were doctors and nurses standing beside the bed. I thought he must be "finished"!Looking back, I saw two bowls of hot porridge for breakfast on the table in front of the window. I picked up the bowls and drank them all in one gulp.I think I have a lot to do in the future, and I can't do it without a little effort.
Who knew that when she turned her head again, she saw Wen Zao turned over, let out a long breath, and broke out in cold sweat.The doctors happily covered him with the quilt again, saying:
"This turning point is finally here!" They all turned back and smiled at me, "Okay, don't be sad..." I wiped the sweat from my face and said, "You have worked hard! He is such a person, everything is slow. !"
I was physically and mentally exhausted for more than a month, but I was busy moving him back to the mountain. At that time, there was no public medical care. The monthly "salary" of the politicians who are stuffed into the "Participating Council" is only a load of rice.After returning home, thanks to a relative of Wenzao who was in business, he sent a chicken and two oranges as tonics after illness. I accidentally added white salt to a glass of orange juice, and I Reluctant to pour it out, he raised his neck and drank it!
After returning home, my eldest daughter, Wu Bing, complained to me, saying that May 1st was her birthday, and Grandma Fu (I will describe this noble person in another article) only gave her a meal with a small sprig stuck in it. Candle buns.At this moment, Wen Zao was lying on the bed at home, and when he saw Wu Qing, the youngest daughter who crawled up to his pillow, wearing a light yellow dress and a rhubarb ribbon in her hair (this was also dressed up by Grandma Fu), her face But there was a smile that he had never had since his illness!
Wen Zao is not a person who can recuperate in peace.At the beginning of 1943, he participated in the "China Visiting India Educational Delegation" and went to India, focusing on the Indian ethnicity and the conflict between Hinduism and Islam.In June of the same year, he participated in the "Northwest Construction Investigation Group" and was in charge of investigating ethnic issues in Northwest China, mainly ethnic groups in Xinjiang.At the end of 1944, he joined the "Wartime Pacific Society" in the United States to discuss the post-war treatment plans of the allies against Japan.After the meeting, he visited the research centers of Harvard, Yale, Chicago, and Princeton universities to learn about their research plans and dynamics during and after the war. "Relationship" has developed into a combination of sociology, anthropology, and social psychology.
On the night of August 14, 1945, we heard the news of the unconditional surrender of the Japanese imperialists on Mount Gele.
Our nieces and cousins who were studying at "Central University" and "Shanghai Medical College" at that time were all weeping with joy.We all wished to go back to Peiping for a while, but the means of transportation were very congested at that time, and we did not return to Nanjing until the end of 1945.When we were making the decision to go north to continue teaching, at the beginning of 1946, General Zhu Shiming, Wenzao’s Tsinghua classmate, was appointed as the head of the Chinese delegation to Japan. Representative consultant.Wen Zao wanted to understand the post-war Japanese political situation and reconstruction situation and situation. He wanted to inspect the whole of Japan as a large social scene and do special research, such as the Japanese Emperor System, Japan’s new constitution, Japan’s new political parties, the disintegration of chaebols, workers’ Sports and so on, before Sino-Japanese diplomatic relations are restored and there are no friendly exchanges, it is convenient to take this opportunity to go to Japan, but he only plans for one year.Therefore, when he and General Zhu Shiming went to Japan, I sent my two older children, Wu Ping and Wu Bing, back to Beijing to study and live with my elder sister-in-law; I took my youngest daughter Wu Qing to live in Nanjing temporarily. I wrote about this incident in my relative’s house in the October 1946 article "No Home Happiness". In November of that year, Wen Zao came back to pick me up and took my youngest daughter to Tokyo.
Looking back now, the time in Tokyo was a turning point in our lives.Wen Zao took every opportunity to get in touch with experts and scholars from the United States who came to Japan to study Japanese issues, as well as colleagues from the University of Tokyo and Kyoto University.I also got in touch with my Japanese classmates and some people from the women's circle when I was studying in the United States. Not only did I have a deeper understanding of various problems in Japanese society at that time, but I also deeply understood the aggressive nature of American imperialism!
At this time we made a very good friend—Comrade Xie Nanguang, who was the deputy head of the political group of the delegation and an underground Communist.Through him, we have studied many of Chairman Mao's writings and established contact with China.Wen Zao has a very "bad" habit, that is, whenever he buys a new book, he writes his name, year, month, and day.There were originally many Taiwan spy agencies in the delegation, such as the military command and the central command, and it is said that there were as many as five.They heard that colleagues in the political team discussed Mao Zedong’s works every night under the pretext of playing bridge at Wu’s house, so one day someone sneaked into our residence while Wenzao was at work, and took a copy of “On Permanence” from Wenzao’s bookshelf. war".
By the time I found out and came out of the bedroom, he was already gone.
We had a friend surnamed Lin—he was the consul in Yokohama, sympathized with communism, and was shot when he was recalled to Taiwan.Wen Zao knew that he could not continue to serve in the delegation.In 1950 he submitted his resignation to the head of the regiment.But after resigning, we still cannot return to China, because we hold passports from the Taiwan government. At this time, the only Chinese who can live in Japan are journalists and businessmen.We did not have the capital to do business, so through the relationship between General Zhu Shiming and Hu Haohao, the son of Singaporean businessman Hu Wenhu, we obtained the identity of the reporter of "Singpin Daily" and stayed in Tokyo for a year. At this time, Yale University in the United States hired Wenzao to the school As a teacher, we sent the application for going to the United States to Taiwan, and it was approved in less than a week!We left Japan at once, not to the east, but to the west to Hong Kong, from Hong Kong back to the motherland!
It should be added here that the sons and daughters I sent back to study in Peiping back then also went to Japan one after another because our stay in Japan was prolonged.Our son Wu Ping entered an American school in Tokyo. After graduating from high school, our American friends persuaded us to send him to the United States to study in college. Neither he nor we agreed to go to the United States.In the name of studying at the University of Hong Kong, he bought the first boat ticket to Hong Kong via Tanggu.He sewed a letter from us to China in his trouser waist, and when the boat arrived in Tanggu, he slipped off and returned to Beijing.He was sent to Peking University through contact, because he chose the Department of Architecture, and later transferred to Tsinghua University, Wen Zao's alma mater.When he returned to Beijing to communicate with us, it was still transferred from Hong Kong.So as soon as we returned to Hong Kong, someone from Beijing came to pick us up, and we first arrived in Guangzhou via Haidao.
Needless to say, the excitement after returning home!From 1951 to 1953, Wen Zao was studying to prepare for a new job.In the middle, Premier Zhou summoned us once. I described this incident in the article "Premier Zhou Who Lives Forever in Our Hearts" written in 1976.
In October 1953, Wen Zao was officially assigned to work at the Central Institute for Nationalities.
After the founding of New China, sociology and other social sciences such as psychology were abandoned for thirty years.At this time, Wen Zao devoted himself to studying the situation of ethnic minorities in China.He served as director of this laboratory and of the "Ethnographic" laboratory of the History Department.He strongly advocated "sinicization of ethnology" and "taking the entire Chinese nation, including the Han nationality, as the study of Chinese ethnology, so that ethnology can be rooted in Chinese soil."This detailed situation was explained very thoroughly in the article "On Wu Wenzao's Thoughts of "Sinicization" of Ethnology" written by Comrades Jin Tianming and Long Pingping in the second issue of "Journal of the Central University for Nationalities" in 1986. , I am a layman, so I don't need to say more.
In April 1958, Wen Zao was wrongly classified as a rightist.This unexpected disaster was a bolt from the blue for him and me!
Because among his crimes was "anti-Party and anti-socialism", when he was asked to write inspection materials, he dug out his thoughts very seriously and wrote a lot of papers!While digging in pain, he looked at me with confusion and doubts and said: "If I am against the Party and socialism, I should go abroad to fight against it. Why bother to return to the motherland under the pretext of going to the United States?" What about the opposite?” I was also “felt aggrieved and dull” like him at the time, but I didn’t express my thoughts, I only encouraged him to “dig” well, because he is an extremely serious person, if you are in his heart Suspicion aroused, and his mind became even more confused.
At this moment, Premier Zhou and his wife sent a car and called me to the simple house in Xihuating, Zhongnanhai.Of course they couldn't say anything, and they just asked me to help him reform very sincerely, saying, "The person who can help him the most at this time can only be his closest person..." When I saw Sister Deng, I was like It was like seeing a relative, and I poured out all my grievances!I said: "If he is a rightist, I am also a rightist who has slipped through the net. We have similar ideas, but we definitely don't have 'anti-party and anti-socialism' ideas!" Give it a good makeover.He said in his autobiography that "I still felt aggrieved and dull in my heart at the time, but I firmly believe that things will be cleared up one day."In December 1959, Wen Zao was stripped of his rightist label.In 1979, the misclassification was corrected again.
As a bystander, I saw that in 1957, almost all sociologists before and after him were classified as rightists. After him, there were many famous people from all walks of life that I usually admire, They are also classified as rightists, and there are many young people and college students among them.I feel calmer day by day.
It turns out that being classified as a rightist is not something to be ashamed of in the hearts of discerning people!
After Wen Zao was classified as a rightist, he received the punishment of revoking the director of the research office, and was deprived of the right to teach, and sent to the Institute of Socialism to study.After 1959, Wen Zao was basically engaged in internal writing work. Most of his works were not published, and they were not signed. He has been classified as a rightist first!) Co-edited the "Three Sets of Minority History Chronicles", provided the Central Propaganda Department with new famous works of western sociology, wrote explanations for the first edition of "Ci Hai" ethnic categories, etc., many times Provide materials and opinions on border issues assigned by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.He also participated in the revision of English-Chinese translations of sociological masterpieces.He also worked with Fei Xiaotong to collect English reference materials on the history, geography, and ethnic conditions of Pamir and its surrounding areas. These materials were lost during the ten years of turmoil!
When the "Cultural Revolution" began in 1966, I stood aside like him and lived in a cowshed. At that time, our family of eight (our three children and their spouses) were scattered in eight places. Now we only talk about Wenzao encounter.In the winter of 1969, he worked in an asbestos factory in the suburbs of Beijing. In the summer of 1970, he transferred to the cadre school of Hubei Shayang Institute for Nationalities.At this time, I was transferred from the cadre school in Xianning, Hubei Province of the Writers Association to the cadre school of the Nationalities College in Shayang.We were all very happy and relieved when we reunited after a long absence and moved from the shared dormitory to the single-room dormitory soon!实话说，经过反右期间的惊涛骇浪之后，到了十年浩劫，连国家主席、开国元勋，都不能幸免，像我们这些“臭老九”，没有家破人亡，就是万幸了，又因为和民院相熟的同人们在一起劳动，无论做什么都感到新鲜有趣。如种棉花，从在瓦罐里下种选芽，直到在棉田里摘花为止，我们学到了许多技术，也流了不少汗水。湖北夏天，骄阳似火，当棉花秆子高与人齐的时候，我们在密集闭塞的棉秆中间摘花，浑身上下都被热汗浸透了，在出了棉田回到干校的路上，衣服又被太阳晒干了。这时我们都体会到古诗中的“锄禾日当午，汗滴禾下土”句中的甘苦，我们身上穿的一丝一缕，也都是辛苦劳动的果实呵！
一九七一年八月，因为美国总统尼克松将有访华之行，文藻和我以及费孝通、邝平章等八人，先被从沙洋干校调回北京民族学院，成立了研究部的编译室。我们共同翻译校订了尼克松的《六次危机》的下半部分。接着又翻译了美国海斯、穆恩、韦兰合着的《世界史》，最后又合译了英国大文豪韦尔斯着的《世界史纲》，这是一部以文论史的“生物和人类的简明史”的大作！那时中国作家协会还没有恢复，我很高兴地参加了这本巨着的翻译工作，从攻读原文和参考书籍里，我得到了不少学问和知识。那几年我们的翻译工作，是十年动乱的岁月中，最宁静、最惬意的日子！我们都在民院研究室的三楼上，伏案疾书，我和文藻的书桌是相对的，其余的人都在我们的隔壁或旁边。文藻和我每天早起八点到办公室，十二时回家午饭，饭后二时又回到办公室，下午六时才回家。那时我们的生活“规律”极了，大家都感到安定而没有虚度了光阴！现在回想起来，也亏得那时是“百举俱废”的时期，否则把我们这几个后来都是很忙的人召集在一起，来翻译这一部洋洋数百万言的大书，也不是一件容易的事。
“四人帮”被粉碎之后，各种学术研究又得到恢复，社会学也开始受到了重视和发展。
一九七九年三月，文藻十分激动地参加了重建社会学的座谈会，作了《社会学与现代化》的发言，谈了多年来他想谈而不能谈的问题。当年秋季，他接受了带民族学专业研究生的任务，并在集体开设的“民族学基础”中，分担了“英国社会人类学”的教学任务。文藻恢复工作后，精神健旺了，又感到近几年来我们对西方民族学战后的发展和变化了解太少，就特别注意关于这方面材料的收集。一九八一年底，他写了《战后西方民族学的变化》，介绍了西方民族学战后出现的流派及其理论，这是他最后发表的一篇文章了！
他在自传里最后说：“由于多年来我国的社会学和民族学未被承认，我在重建和创新工作还有许多要做，我虽年老体弱，但我仍有信心在有生之年为发展我国的社会学和民族学作出贡献。”
他的信心是有的，但是体力不济了。近几年来，我偶尔从旁听见他和研究生们在家里的讨论和谈话，声音都是微弱而喑哑的，但他还是努力参加了研究生们的毕业论文答辩，校阅了研究生们的翻译稿件，自己也不断地披阅西方的社会学和民族学的新作，又做些笔记。一九八三年我们搬进民族学院新建的高知楼新居，朝南的屋子多，我们的卧室兼书房，窗户宽大，阳光灿烂，书桌相对，真是窗明几净。我从一九八○年秋起得了脑血栓后又患右腿骨折，已有两年足不出户了。
我们是终日隔桌相望，他写他的，我写我的，熟人和学生来了，也就坐在我们中间，说说笑笑，享尽了人间“偕老”的乐趣。这也是十一届三中全会以后，我们得到的政府各方面特殊照顾的丰硕果实。
“夕阳无限好，只是近黄昏”，这也是天然规律，文藻终于在一九八五年七月三日最后一次住进北京医院，再也没有出来了。他的床前，一直只有我们的第二代、第三代的孩子们在守护，我行动不便，自己还要人照顾，便也不能像一九四二年他患肺炎时那样，日夜守在他旁边了。一九八五年九月二十四日早晨，我们的儿子吴平从医院里打电话回来告诉我说：
“爹爹已于早上六时二十分逝世了！”
遵照他的遗嘱：不向遗体告别，不开追悼会、火葬后骨灰投海。存款三万元捐献给中央民院研究所，作为社会民族学研究生的助学金。九月二十七日下午，除了我之外，一家大小和近亲密友（只是他的几位学生）在北京医院的一间小厅里，开了一个小型的告别会（有好几位民院、民委、中联部的领导同志要去参加，我辞谢他们说：我都不去你们更不必去了），这小型的告别会后，遗体便送到八宝山火化。九月二十九日晨，我们的儿女们又到火葬场拾了遗骨，骨灰盒就寄存在革命公墓的骨灰室架子上。等我死后，我们的遗骨再一同投海，也是“死同穴”的意思吧文藻逝世后一段时间内的情况，我在《衷心的感谢》一文中（见《文汇月刊》一九八六年第一期）都写过了。
现在总起来看他的一生，的确有一段坎坷的日子，但他的“坎坷”是和当时绝大多数的知识分子“同命运”的。一九八六年第十八期《红旗》上，有一篇“本刊特约评论员”的文章《引导知识分子坚持走健康成长的道路》中的党对知识分子问题的第四阶段上，讲得就非常地客观而公允！
指导思想发生了“左”的偏差，党的知识分子政策开始偏离了正确的方向，知识分子工作也经历了曲折的道路。
主要表现是轻视知识，歧视知识分子，以种种罪名排斥和打击了一些知识分子，使不少人长期蒙受冤屈。这种错误倾向，在长达十年的“文化大革命”中，发展到了荒谬绝伦的地步，把广大知识分子诬蔑为“臭老九”，把学有所长、术有专攻的知识分子诬蔑为“反动学术权威”，只片面地强调知识分子要向工农学习，不提工农群众也要向知识分子学习，人为地制造了工人农民同知识分子之间的对立，而重视知识分子，爱护知识分子，反被说成是搞“修正主义”，有“亡党亡国”的危险。摧残知识分子成为十年浩劫的重要组成部分。
读了这篇文章，使我从心里感觉到中国共产党真是一个伟大、英明、正确的无产阶级政党，是一个“有严明纪律和富于自我批评精神的无产阶级政党。”可惜的是文藻没能赶上披读这篇文章了！
写到这里，我应当搁笔了。他的也就是我们的晚年，在精神和物质方面，都没有感到丝毫的不足。要说他八十五岁死去更不能说是短命，只是从他的重建和发展中国社会学的志愿和我们的家人骨肉之间的感情来说，对于他的忽然走开，我是永远抱憾的！１９８６年１１月２１日