Chapter 10 The experience and thoughts of studying the draft constitution

I was honored to participate in the symposium on the draft constitution (first draft) organized by the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. Along with many sisters who have many years of experience in revolutionary work, I studied and discussed the first draft of our country's first constitution. This is a great opportunity for me. meaningful political education. In the process of study and discussion, I heard many valuable and incisive opinions, which gave me a lot of inspiration.After repeated discussions, I gained a deeper understanding of some issues, and I deeply realized that our draft constitution is simple, concise, and meaningful!It is truly democratic and protects the rights and interests of all the people. As stated in the preamble: "This constitution consolidates the achievements of our people's revolution and the new political and economic victories since the founding of the People's Republic of my country, and reflects the country's The basic requirements of the transitional period and the common aspiration of the broad masses of the people to build a socialist society."

My second realization is: this constitution of our own is fundamentally different from the constitution of bourgeois countries, which is aimed at protecting capitalist private ownership and the system of human exploitation of man.Our constitution recognizes capitalist ownership and stipulates that the state protects capitalist property in accordance with the law, but it first emphasizes the rights and interests of the collective, the sanctity of public property, and "guarantees the gradual elimination of the system of exploitation and the establishment of a socialist society." My third realization is: this constitution has given the people who have been treated unequally and ignored in our country, full and special protection.For example, in the second paragraph of Article 86 of Chapter Three, and Article 96, both clearly and forcefully guarantee the rights and interests of women, marriage, family, and children.In Article 23 of Section 1 of Chapter II and Article 98 of Chapter III, the rights and interests of overseas Chinese are guaranteed.In the fifth paragraph of the preamble, Article 3 of Chapter 1, Section 5 of Chapter 2, and Article 77 of Section 6, it is especially emphasized to take care of the needs of ethnic minorities and pay attention to the characteristics of their development.At the same time, just as it guarantees the rights and interests of the entire people, when it proclaims the rights of citizens, it pays attention to the material conditions for the realization of these rights.

My fourth realization is: our constitution has a profound internationalist spirit.In the sixth paragraph of the preamble, it announces that our country has established a great friendship with the Soviet Union and the people's democracies, as well as the peace-loving people of all countries. The direction of our foreign policy "is to work for the noble purpose of world peace and human progress."Our foreign policy has proven to be victorious and will continue to be victorious. The promulgation of the draft constitution of the People's Republic of my country is an earth-shattering event in the history of our country.It is not an easy task for us all to discuss and study this thin draft constitution today.Every word, every word, every single stroke of this constitution is written with the blood of revolutionary martyrs who have fought bravely for a long time.The Chinese Communist Party created it, protected it, broke through the prison and chains, crossed the grass and snow-capped mountains, and delivered it to us. How can we not be ashamed and grateful?How can we not cherish it, support it, and sincerely vow to fight for the successful completion of everything it guarantees in different positions?

As a children's literature worker, our Constitution gives me infinite joy and encouragement.I am deeply grateful for the millions of children in New China.How happy our next generation is!But they are absolutely not willing to sit and lie under the shade of trees, leisurely waiting for the arrival of socialism and communism.They are the future masters of our country and the reserve army for building a socialist and communist society. They want to work, and they need to work harder and more tenaciously.For this arduous and noble cause, they need a strong body, superb knowledge and technology, noble qualities, and they need spiritual food to grow them stronger and stronger.

I am willing to follow our writers and artists, and do my job well as the cook who serves as the spiritual food for the reserve army, so as to express my sincere support for our own first constitution.June 14, 1954, Beijing. (This article was originally published in the July 1954 issue of "People's Literature".)