Chapter 32 Criminal Law Thirty-first

In the first year of Zhenguan, Emperor Taizong said to his courtiers: "The dead cannot be regenerated, and the legal affairs are lenient. The ancients said that those who lift the coffin want to be plagued by the old age, and it is not a disease for others. Seeking profoundness, wanting to complete his examination course. What method can we do now to make it fair?" Wang Guijin, an admonishing doctor, said: "But choose a good man who is honest and kind, and those who are allowed to be sentenced to prison will be rewarded with money, that is, treacherous people will rest on their own." From it.Taizong also said: "The ancients who were sentenced to prison must be interrogated by the officials of Sanhuai and Jiuzhi. Today, Sangong and Jiuqing are their posts. From now on, all major crimes will be punished by the Zhongshu, the fourth rank and above of the sect, and the Shangshu Jiuqing. Discuss it. In this way, the common people will be freed from injustice." From then to four years, the death penalty was imposed, and twenty-nine people in the world were almost punished.

In the second year of Zhenguan, Emperor Taizong said to his courtiers: "Compared to slaves suing the master for rebellion, this extremely evil law must be strictly prohibited. If there is a rebellion, it will not be achieved alone, and it will eventually be planned by others; if there are many plans, there must be one." When others talk about it, do you want to use slaves to sue? From now on, those who sue the master by slaves do not need to accept, and they will be executed." In the fifth year of Zhenguan, Zhang Yungu became Cheng Cheng of Dali.Li Haode, a native of Xiangzhou, has always been suffering from wind disease, and he talked about monsters, so he was ordered to be sentenced to prison.There is an old saying: "There are symptoms of epilepsy if you love virtue, and you should not sit in the law."

Taizong Xu will be lenient.The ancient secrets are used to report its purpose, and it is still cited and played.Wan Ji impeached and played it.Taizong was furious and ordered to be killed in Dongshi.After regretting it, he called Fang Xuanling and said: "The salary of a public cannibal must worry about the worries of others. There are no big or small things. You should pay attention to them. If you don't ask, you don't talk. If you see things, you don't argue. How can you help the prime minister? Ru Yungu, as a judge, played with prisoners. , Leaking my words, this is also a very serious crime. According to the usual law, the death sentence is not reached. I was very angry at the time and ordered to deal with it. The public and others did not say a word, and the supervisor did not repeat it, so it is unreasonable to execute it immediately." Because of The edict said: "Where there is a death penalty, even if it is ordered to be executed immediately, it must be repeated five times."

Five repetitions, since ancient times.He also said: "There may be injustice to be convicted by keeping the text. From now on, the people under the door will be under investigation. Those who die together according to the law and have feelings for themselves should be recorded." Yungu, at the beginning of the second year of Zhenguan, from the secretary office of the general manager's office in Youzhou and the secretary of the Central Committee, on the table "Dabao Zhen", the meaning of the text is very beautiful, and it can be used as a guide.The words said: From the present to the past, from the past to the present, looking up and looking up, it is really difficult for the king to provide blessings.The houses are all under the sky, above the princes and dukes, and all the locals pay tribute to them, and the bureaucrats sing along with them.That's why the heart of fear is relaxed day by day, and the emotion of evil is released.How do you know that things happen suddenly, and disasters happen out of nowhere.Therefore, the saint is ordered to save Hengtun from drowning, to blame himself, and to extend grace to the people.The Ming Dynasty has no biased photos, and the public has no private relatives.Therefore, govern the world with one person, not serve one person with the world.Ceremony prevents extravagance, and music prevents loss.Talk left and right, go out to the police and enter.At four o'clock, it is miserable and comfortable, and the three lights are the same as its gains and losses.Therefore, the body is the degree, and the sound is the law.Don't say that you are ignorant, and you will listen to the low;Joy cannot be extreme, and extreme happiness becomes sorrow; desire cannot be indulged, and indulgence becomes disaster.

The strong nine is more important than the inside, and the place to live is no more than knees;Luo Bazhen is in front of him, but what he eats is not good enough to eat; but if he is crazy and has no thoughts, he puts down his bad food and drinks his wine.Don't be barren in color inside, don't be barren in poultry outside; don't value hard-to-find goods, and don't listen to the voice of a subjugated country.Human nature is desolate inside, and people's hearts are desolate outside; rare things are extravagant, and the voice of subjugation is obscene.Don't call me respectful and proud of the virtuous and insult scholars, don't call me wise and refuse to admonish yourself.After Wen Zhixia, it was reported frequently; there was also Emperor Wei, who kept pulling his train.Standing side by side, like spring sun and autumn dew; majestic and swaying, pushing Han high and magnanimous.Fuzi's common affairs are like treading on a thin edge; trembling and trembling, be careful with Zhou Wen.

"Poetry" says: "If you don't know, you don't know." Said: "No bias, no party."If everyone abandons them, they will be punished, and if they are happy, they will be rewarded. Weaken the strong and rule the chaos, stretch the bent and straighten the vain.Therefore, it is said: If a weight is like a stone, the number of indeterminate objects can be determined, and when the object is suspended, the weight can be seen by itself; if water is like a mirror, it does not show the shape of the object, and the mirror of the object is revealed by itself.Don't be muddy and turbid, don't be bright and clear; don't be dark and dark, don't look and be bright.Although the crown blinds the eyes and sees the invisible, although the ears are plugged, the hearing is silent.The heart is in the azure realm, and the mind is wandering in the essence of the Tao.Those who buckle it will respond to the flood; those who take it into account will be filled with shallowness and depth.Therefore, it is said: the sky is clear, the earth is peaceful, and the king is chaste.The four seasons replace the order without words, and all things are accomplished through inaction.Unexpectedly, the emperor has his power, and the world is peaceful.

My king uses intelligence to bring order out of chaos; people are afraid of his power, but do not appreciate his virtue.My emperor caresses luck, fanning the pure wind; the people cherish the beginning, but do not guarantee the end.Yuanshu golden mirror, exhausted spirit.Let people take their heart and say what they say.Including rationality, iambic and rhetoric.The world is public, and one person has celebrations.Cairo started to wish, and aided Qin to order poems.One day and two days, I am here.But what is called by man is blessed by God. Compete with ministers and straight, dare to sue the previous doubts.

Taizong Jiazhi, bestowed three hundred pieces of silk, and still awarded it to the prime minister of Dali Temple. In the fifth year of Zhenguan, the imperial edict said: "All the divisions in Beijing have recently played the execution of the death row prisoner. Although the cloud has been repeated three times, it will be over in one day, and there is no time to think about it. What's the benefit of three playing? Even if there is regret, there is nothing to do. From now on , the execution of death row prisoners in the various divisions in Beijing should be repeated five times in two days, and three times in all states in the world."

He also handed out an edict and said: "Recently, there have been officials who have broken prisons, and they have mostly followed the law. Although the situation is prudish, they dare not violate the law. If they abide by the text and convict, they may be injustice. For those who are reserved, it is advisable to record the memorial." In the ninth year of Zhenguan, Gao Zengsheng, the marching chief of Yanze Road and the governor of Minzhou, violated Li Jing's festival, falsely accused Jing of plotting rebellion, and moved to the border with less death.From time to time, there was a speaker who said: "Zeng gave birth to the hero of the old Qin government, please forgive him." Taizong said: "Although it is an old laborer in the vassal mansion, it must not be forgotten. However, to govern the country and abide by the law, everything must be done. If you forgive him now, It opens the way to luck. Moreover, the country was established in Taiyuan, and there are many meritorious persons in Yuan Cong and wars. If Zeng Sheng is exempted, who would not covet it? All meritorious persons must break the law. That is why I will not forgive those who .”

In the eleventh year of Zhenguan, Wei Zheng went to Shangshu and said: The minister heard and said: "Punishment with virtue and prudence", "Only punishment is sympathetic!" "Li" says: "It's easy for the top, easy to know for the bottom, and the punishment will not bother you. If the superior is suspicious, the people will be confused, and if the bottom is difficult to understand, the emperor will be tired." Not confused.Therefore, the monarch has one virtue, and the ministers have no two hearts, sow loyalty and sincerity at the top, exhaust the strength of the shoulders at the bottom, and then the foundation of peace will not fall, and the chant of "Kang Zai" will rise.Today's Dao is dominated by Hua Rong, with high achievements in the universe, no thinking and dissatisfaction, and no far-reaching attainment.However, the words are still in the Jianwen, and the ambition is to observe clearly, and the use of punishment and reward has not been exhausted.The basis of punishment and reward is to encourage the good and punish the evil. The reason why the emperor is one with the world is not to regard the relatives and relatives of the noble and the humble as the important ones.Today's punishment and reward may not always be the case.Or bend and stretch based on likes and dislikes, or the severity depends on joy and anger; when you are happy, you will keep your emotions in the law, and when you are angry, you will ask your sins to be out of the way;If scars can be sought, punishments will be excessive; if feathers can appear, rewards will be wrong.

Excessive punishment will lead to the growth of the villain, and rewarding the wrong will make the gentleman's way disappear.It is not unheard of for villains not to punish evil, and gentlemen not to persuade good people, but to seek law and order and punish them. Moreover, when my husband talked about it in his spare time, he was still adhering to Confucius and Lao; when he was angry, he took the law from Shen and Han.If you walk straight, you will not be without three dethrones, which will endanger people's self-safety, and there will be too many cover-ups.Therefore, the purpose of morality has not been promoted, and the wind of unkindness has blown.If the husband is mean, there will be a lot of troubles; if people compete with each other, the charters will be different.The king of Ji is a real loss to the king.In the past, Zhouzhou plowed his hands up and down, and the laws of the Chu State were poor; Zhang Tang's emphasis was on his heart, and the punishment of the Han Dynasty was detrimental.Since the ministers are quite secluded, there is no way to claim that they are deceiving. What's more, if the ruler is superior or inferior, how can he deal with his hands and feet?With the wisdom of Rui Sheng, there is no subtlety but no candle, how can the gods fail to reach, and the wisdom cannot understand?Be at ease, don't think of pity for punishment; enjoy what you enjoy, and forget the change of laughing first.Fortune and misfortune depend on each other, good and bad are in the same domain, but people call them, how can we not think about it?Those who are punished a little too much, are slightly violent, or do not pay for the account, or violate the business, or do not agree with the things, or do not obey the order, these are not the urgency of the government, but the fear of arrogance and extravagance. gradually.It is to know that "you are arrogant without being arrogant, and you are extravagant without being rich", which is not just words. And what I represent is actually the Sui Dynasty.The source of the chaos and death of the Sui family is the place where the sages shine. Take the Sui family's family's collection as an example of today's capital reserves, use the Sui family's armored soldiers to compare today's soldiers and horses, and use the Sui family's household registration to school the people of today.However, the Sui family was defeated by wealth and strength, and it was moving; I was peaceful because of poverty, and it was quiet.When there is stillness, there is peace; when there is movement, there is chaos. Everyone knows this.However, it is rare to follow the path of the common people, and more to follow the rut of the cart, why?It is the result of not thinking of danger in peace, not thinking about chaos in governance, and not worrying about death in survival.In the past, when the Sui family was not in chaos, they believed that there would be no chaos; when the Sui family was not dead, they believed that they would never perish. Therefore, the armored soldiers frequently moved and the corvees continued.As for being slaughtered and humiliated, it is not a pity that he did not realize the reason for his demise! If you judge the beauty and evil of the shape, you must find it in the still water; if you judge the safety and danger of the country, you must find it in the subjugated country. Therefore, the "Poetry" says: "The Yin Jian is not far away, it is in the world after Xia." It also said: "It is not far away to cut the Ke and cut the Ke." Chaos, we can know.If you can think about why it is dangerous, you will be safe; if you think about why it is chaotic, you will be cured; if you think about why it is dead, you will survive.Know the place of life and death, be strict with desires and follow others, save the entertainment of wandering, stop the extravagant and beautiful works, let go of unurgent tasks, be cautious of the anger of listening to one another; be close to honest and honest, far away will be sycophants, Du melodious heresies, sweet and bitter words of loyalty ; go to those who are easy to enter, cheap and hard-to-get goods, pick up the slander of Yao and Shun, and pursue the sins of Yu Tang; cherish the property of ten families, follow the hearts of the people, take everything close to you, treat things with forgiveness, think hard and be modest to benefit Don't be complacent to incur damage; if there is movement, the common people will make peace, and if you speak out, you will respond thousands of times. Just be cautious. It is easy for a husband to keep it, but it is difficult to get it.Since it is difficult to obtain it, why not keep it easy?If it is not guaranteed, it will be arrogant, extravagant and promiscuous.Be cautious at the end as before, but don't force yourself! "Yi" said: "A gentleman does not forget danger, survival does not forget death, governance does not forget chaos, so that the country can be protected because of the safety of the body."His Majesty Fu Wei's ambition to do good will not be reduced from the past, and he must correct what he has heard, and he will not lose as much as the past.If we do nothing today and practice the respect and thrift of the past, we will be perfect and beautiful, and we will not be able to achieve it. Taizong deeply favored it and accepted it. In the fourteenth year of Zhenguan, Jia Chong, the governor of Daizhou, was impeached by the censor for committing ten evils in his department.Taizong said to his courtiers: "In the past, the great sage of Tao and Tang, the great sage of Liu Xiahui, his son Danzhu was very unworthy, and his younger brother who robbed Zhi was an evil minister. The husband's teachings from the sages, the relationship between father and son and brothers, still can't change Taoism and get rid of evil. Be good. Now send the assassins, turn them into servants, and return to the good way, how can you get it? If you let everyone be demoted, or fear that they will cover up, the sinners will be lost. There are ten evils in the states, and the assassins don’t need it. Let me sit down, but order Mingjia to correct and punish the crime, so that the common people can eliminate the evil." In the sixteenth year of Zhenguan, Emperor Taizong called Dali Qing Sun Fujia and said: "A man who makes an armor wants it to be strong, and he is afraid of being hurt; he who makes an arrow wants it to be sharp, and he is afraid that people will not hurt him. Why? That's why. I often ask judges about the severity of punishment. Every time they say that the legal net is wider than in the past, they are still in charge of prisons. The benefit is killing people, endangering people's self-improvement, and trying to gain reputation. This is what worries me today. It is deeply forbidden , and work in Kuanping."