Chapter 15 Mencius in Wei Qi's Outer Chapter-2

For example, in the Spring and Autumn and Warring States period, scholars were selected to rule the people. Once the scholar-bureaucrats entered the official career, in theory, they still had to strive for good governance to benefit the people, but in fact, they only consolidated their own power, and of course they were farther away from the people.The Han Dynasty paid attention to local governance and the prefect of Erganshi, but it was still far away from the lower class people.The emphasis on governors in the Tang Dynasty—that is, the legacy of the Han Dynasty’s emphasis on two thousand stone sheriffs. However, most of the governors after the prosperous Tang Dynasty were distributed to Jinshi who had obtained fame and fame. The spirit of not leaving it, but the suffering of the grassroots people, is getting farther and farther away.As a result, outside, the vassals (warlords) had exclusive power, without a central government; inside the court, eunuchs ruled, and female disasters ruled, so the world's affairs could be known without asking.

By the way, I mentioned a doggerel written by Ming people, with some jokes to make everyone feel relaxed.This poem describes the changes in a person's life. If it is now used as a metaphor for the gap between officials and people in history, it is also very interesting.The first two sentences of it are just mentioned "calligraphy, painting, piano, chess, poetry and wine flowers, every piece of it was inseparable from it in the past." It can be used as a portrayal of high-ranking officials and celebrities in the old days.Then there is "Nowadays everything has changed, firewood, rice, oil, salt, soy sauce, vinegar and tea." The last two sentences can be used as a description of the basic situation of the people's livelihood in general society, or a portrayal of the hard life after resignation.Isn't that humorous?

During the Ming and Qing dynasties, following the evolution of the Yuan Dynasty's political system, three levels of politics were formed from the central government below, namely the so-called province, government (state or road), and county government.Although the county magistrates and grand masters who pay attention to being close to the people, most of those local officials who have been sent out from Jinshi or Juren are naturally seven or eight out of ten scholars who study and write stereotyped essays.Therefore, local politics depended entirely on the masters of the staff—the confidential secretaries of the two right-hand men, Xing Ming and Qian Gu.Therefore, some people say that the politics of the Qing Dynasty was controlled by Master Shaoxing.This is indeed the case from the cabinet, the Zhongshu Yamen, down to the prefectures and counties.As for the real sufferings of the people, it is almost more difficult than ascending to heaven.

We just roughly understand these facts in history, then we can know that in the history of the Chinese political system in the past, the central government of the emperor, the imperial court, was high and independent.In theory, officials at all levels should communicate with each other and work for the people.In fact, as a local official, "the sky is high and the emperor is far away, and the monkey dominates the king", there are too many facts to do whatever they want.Let's think about it, what can we do if we use it to seek merit?If you use this to seek the country, how can you not perish!However, our national character has always been based on benevolence and righteousness. The common people have always obeyed the rules of the sky and are very kind. Just live and work in peace and contentment, even though life is a little bit harder, I still don't complain.Unless you make them really unbearable and have nowhere to go, you have nothing to do with him as your emperor and official.This is one of the key points of political philosophy in Chinese history.Since the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the relationship between Chinese officials and common people has always been like this, especially when Zou Mugong asked Mencius.Then, when he asked Mencius this question, he was so angry that he wanted to kill some people to vent and suppress it. Isn't this beyond the political principles, and it is too much!

Now is an era of democracy, and it is also an era of emphasizing grassroots political work.Serving the people at the grassroots level is really a sacred and great mission. It is not easy. The implementation of government orders from the top to the central ministries are all brought together to the grassroots one by one.During the period, the busy affairs and messy clues are no less painful than the upper-level rulers meeting every day and meeting at any time.The most difficult thing to do is that the decrees of various departments lack horizontal and overall coordination. As a result, when the decrees reach the grassroots level, there are many contradictions and conflicts, which cannot be implemented and have to be pulled down.There are also many decrees that can be used in a place, but not applicable to a place B, let alone the facts of a place C, but there are also routine official documents, and the orders are followed.It's really hard to do, and there's only one thing to do.And the most important thing is that high-ranking officials and generous salaries are well-deserved, and the lively things are all concentrated in the upper court market.Grassroots workers must have the heart of a bodhisattva who is willing to go to hell, and the embrace of a sage who does not have to look for success.In this situation, I also often wondered, if I were asked to work as a national elementary school teacher for a long time in a remote village, would I really be willing to do my best with all my heart?My answer to myself is: I'm afraid not necessarily.Don't want what you don't want, how can you expect others.How can you ask others if you push yourself and others?

In short, the conclusion drawn is that from ancient times to the present, those who can do the work at the grassroots level are not willing to do it, and those who are willing to do it are not able to do it.Therefore, those who really participate in the work are a group of people who are either unable or unwilling to do it.They often do a disservice to the government and do work that loses popular support. What do you think?As for whether corruption is corrupt or not, that is another incidental issue that does not need to be discussed. Sometimes friends talk to me about American society and politics, how good grassroots workers are, and that's why we have today's achievements.I said, not bad.The United States is still young and its history is still young, so the burden of history and culture is also light.

Not even carrying the baggage of history and culture.I would like to bless them to be so young forever and not to carry the burden of history and culture.Once the boss, the deeper the foundation of historical and cultural burdens, the more difficult it will be to make reforms, and it will have to be subtle and subtle, and it will no longer be as immediate as it is now. As for modern officials who have been elected by the people and come from the people, their merits and demerits, right and wrong, good and evil, let's wait for history to judge!However, we must remember that history is a fair scale, and there is really a mirror hanging high, which can reveal the true nature of good and evil. You must pay attention to it, read more classics of national culture, and cultivate benevolence and benevolence. To establish ourselves and others.

I remember that Feng Menglong, a man of the Ming Dynasty, had a grotesque sketch, which was well written, and I specially transcribed a section to serve as a reference for young friends who thought they were representatives of public opinion in the democratic era. In the past, on the day of the reign of Sun Jiazai in Fuping, Jinshi was invited to be selected, and all went to receive education.Sun said: There is nothing difficult about being an official, just don't make mistakes.The words of the real minister. Not only to be an official, but also to be a human being.People's elections in the democratic era must refrain from mischief.After reading this seemingly humorous but serious essay, and then turning back to Mencius' answer to Zou Mugong's question, we can say that the officials who are responsible for Mugong's observance have already lost the hearts of the people due to the mischief of the country.Therefore, Mencius concluded with a sentence: "The king is not special", how can he blame the people!

In addition, in Zou Mugong's view, since his important ministers who are responsible for guarding the land can be loyal, why can't the lower-level cadres be loyal to them?This truth, in theory, is longer.In short, to understand the center of gravity of Chinese culture, whether it is Confucianism or the academic accomplishment of various schools of thought, it is the integration of being a person and doing things.If you carefully understand history, you can know that some people's careers and fame are achievements in their lives.But it cannot be said that he has succeeded in being a man.Some people have been successful in their lives, but they have no achievements in career and fame.If there is both, it should be neither sage nor virtuous.

For example, Zhang Jiangling, a famous official in the Ming Dynasty——Ju Zheng, was a powerful official in Wanli at that time. He could be regarded as a great politician, but because of his impetuous personality and lack of self-cultivation, the so-called "doing everything in his power" is often not a man of integrity. .Many Neo Confucianists were suppressed because of disagreements.However, during the period when Zhang Jiangling was in power, he did achieve military strength and national wealth, and his achievements cannot be concealed.But when he died, the family ransacked and went bankrupt, the elder son was forced to hang himself, and the old lady was forced to leave home.Although it is the style of the Zhu Dynasty in the Ming Dynasty, it is used to treating meritorious officials harshly, which is very immoral.However, Zhang Jiangling's success in doing things but failure in life, it is really necessary to divide the story into two parts.

At that time, someone passed by Zhang Jiangling's residence and saw the desolate scenery overgrown with wild grass, which compared with the splendor of the year, and he was very moved.He took a pen and wrote a poem on the dilapidated wall of Zhang's house, saying: "When the grievances and grievances are exhausted, it will be settled, and it will be difficult to see when the border is in danger." These two lines of poems, together with Zhang Jiangling's life, are just used as the answer to the question Zou Mugong asked Mencius. Duke Wen of Teng asked, "Teng is a small country that lies between Qi and Chu. Are things in order? Are things in order?" Mencius replied, "This strategy is beyond my reach. If there is no end, there is one thing. To chisel Sichi, It is also possible to build a city of Si, defend it with the people, and follow the death of the people and leave the people alone." In the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Xi and Xue were only insignificant small countries.But in and "Mencius", it has been discussed.Therefore, although the country is small, it has become famous under the light and sound of Confucius and Mencius. "The Analects of Confucius Xianwen" records: "The Master said: Meng Gongchuo is worried if he is the old Zhao Wei, and he cannot be Doctor Tengxue." This is the Teng country.However, the two eras of Confucius and Mencius were different, and the situations of Teng and Xue were also different. This time it was Mencius who came back from the state of Qi and passed by the state of Teng.Teng State is a small country, but it is adjacent to the powerful Qi State in the northeast and the powerful Chu State in the south.My small country is sandwiched between these two big countries. As the saying goes, "it's hard to be small between the two big countries", should I move closer to Qi?Or is it better to invest in Chu State? Duke Wen of Teng raised this problem and asked Mencius, a great man, for advice.Mencius was indeed wise. He replied to Teng Wengong, "I'm sorry you raised this question, but I can't help it. If there is a way, I can't talk about it. It's hard to say." Teng Wengong was of course very disappointed when he heard Mencius's answer, and his face became depressed and ugly.Seeing his appearance, Mencius felt sorry for him, so he said to him: "If you have to, then there is only one better way."You take care of your own internal affairs first, increase the centripetal force of the common people, and unite.Then, strengthen your defense facilities, dig deep the moat, heighten and thicken the city wall, and consolidate the defense projects on your defense line.Like the common people of the whole country, they are united and work together to defend their own territory. Even if they die in battle, they will not leave their original positions. Preparation can also make a difference. Here, we see that Mencius replied to the basic principle that "the two big ones can't be the smaller", and there is only one way to be self-reliant.In fact, it’s the same with being a human being. If you are not self-improving, not self-reliant, and you don’t think of a way out of yourself, you are among the two big sheep, complaining about everything, hoping to get the sympathy of others to solve your difficulties for yourself. There will be no such thing in the world. The principles of personal affairs, national affairs, and world affairs are the same. Only self-reliance is the only way to survive. Especially for a small country, there is absolutely no other good way to compromise except for self-reliance and self-improvement.Moreover, the more compromises are made, the more difficulties will increase.Therefore, Mencius pointed out that it is better to subjugate the country than to lose the principle of national dignity or personality, as an answer. Duke Wen of Teng asked, "I am very afraid that the people of Qi will build Xue. How can we do it?" Mencius said to the fourth: "In the past, the great king lived in evil, and the Di people invaded it. He went to live under the Qishan Mountain. It is not a choice. And to take it is a last resort. If you are good, there will be a king in the future generations. A gentleman’s business will be successful, and he will be able to continue. If the husband is successful, then the sky will be. How can a king be like that! The strong is only good.” Once, Teng Wengong asked Mencius further and said, Xue is a small country like me, but Qi State, which has a strong neighbor, wants to build a city in Xue State, that is, build a strong military base on the territory of Xue State.Xue Country is also a small neighboring country to me, and there is a threat of sympathy for each other.Looking at this international trend, the next step is likely to be my turn.This threat is really worrying.You see, what should I do? This state of Xue has already been included in the territory of Qi State, and was named the territory of Meng Changjun Tianwen by King Xuan of Qi.That is, Feng Yuyuan, who is famous in history as a guest of Lord Mengchang, and who sings and sings, made a strong claim to go to Xue State to collect rent debts on behalf of Lord Mengchang, and burned all the debtor's deeds in order to buy the famous city of people's hearts. Mencius also presented the historical facts of the most humble and glorious generation in the history of the Zhou Dynasty—the King Tai whom he admired the most.He said that in the past, the Taiwang lived in Fenyan, and the Di people invaded him, and it was difficult to deal with him, so he moved to live under Qishan Mountain.It's not because Qishan is better than Qishan, and the land is more fertile, but because he was bullied by aggressive barbarians in Fenyan, so he had no choice but to avoid Qishan.At that time, although the Tai Wang was forced to relocate, he endured the humiliation and learned the lesson, so the descendants - King Wen and King Wu rose up and established the regime of the Zhou Dynasty for hundreds of years.You can imitate his spirit of doing good, and the descendants of future generations will definitely be able to become kings in the world.If a man wants to start a business, he must set a good example for future generations. In order to enable future generations to inherit it, it should be the same in terms of individuals, whether they are studying, doing business, or any industry.You must have this ambition, whether you can succeed or not is destiny.Now that your place is small, surrounded by strong neighbors, you can only use the spirit of Taiwang to stand up, but not to stand up and compete with others, but to encourage yourself to do good, consolidate internally, and be self-reliant and self-reliant. Then you can slowly become stronger and be respected by others. Mencius' theory is very correct. Under the struggle between the two great powers, it is indeed difficult for the weak and small country in the middle to stand on its own feet.Let's look at the situation in the early Song Dynasty. Qian Jiao, the grandson of King Qian Liu of Wuyue, was originally an independent king just like Zhao Kuangyin and Li Houzhu. He expressed his sincere support and pushed Zhao Kuangyin to be the boss of China.When he arrived at Song Taizong, he canceled the country title.He thinks that by doing so, the descendants of his descendants will still be princes and will always be senior officials.Otherwise, the ability to estimate everything by oneself may not be able to beat the Song Dynasty.If you lose the battle, not only you are in danger, but your descendants are also in danger.In fact, when he did this, he was still waiting for the opportunity to find a way to get up again, hoping that he would save the last little capital so that he could make a difference when necessary. As for the contemporaries of the Southern Tang Dynasty Empress Li, it was different. Although he also saw this, he once made a confession to Zhao Kuangyin, but he sighed all day long in his poems. The poems are too good to make up his mind. If you have made up your mind and can really make a difference, you have already risen up to make a difference. Even if you lose, it is also glorious.When Cao Bin's large corps attacked Nanjing, he could hang himself with a rope. He was afraid of death, and felt ashamed if he wanted to surrender. In the end, he became a prisoner and was sent to Beijing by Cao Bin. He could only write poems on the boat. What's the use of that?Zhao Kuangyin criticized him and said that if Li Yu was willing to govern the country with the spirit of writing poems, he would not be where he is today.So if you want to be good, you can force it to be good; if you can't force it to be good, you can protect your descendants and save your vitality for later. The general trend of the country is the same, and so is the personal career.If you can stand up, stand up, if you can't stand up, you have to cheer up. But in society, there are many people who refuse to climb when they can’t stand up, and refuse to lie down when they can’t crawl, and they always feel that they are standing there, but they are not standing. This is very pitiful.In short, the principles of life philosophy and political philosophy are the same. Duke Wen of Teng asked, "Teng is a small country. If we try our best to serve a big country, it is unavoidable. How can we do it?" Mencius said to him: "In the past, the great king lived in evil, and the Di people invaded it. It is unavoidable to do it with leather coins; it is unavoidable to do it with dogs and horses. It is unavoidable to do it with pearls and jade; it is those who belong to them. He told him, "What Di people want is my land. I have heard that a gentleman does not harm others because he supports others. Why do the second and third sons have no ruler? I will go." To get rid of evil, go beyond Liangshan, and live under Qishan.The evil man said: "A benevolent man should not be lost." 'Those who follow are like returning to the market.Or say: "The world is guarding, and it is beyond what the body can do; follow the death and don't go." 'Your Majesty, please choose between the two. " In Mencius, this paragraph and the previous paragraph, no matter how you look at it, are repeated descriptions of the same question.It's just a detail and a simplification.It may be the negligence of the editors of Mencius, but it cannot be verified clearly. Sheng Wengong asked again, even if I try my best to flatter these two countries, their aggression is inevitable in the end, what should I do? Mencius still told him that in the past Zhou Taigong lived in the subdistrict, and the Di people invaded him.The king bribed him with leather goods and coins, but it was useless.He also sent Di Ren's favorite dogs and horses to please him, but it still didn't work.In the end, I took pearls and precious jade, but the invasion of the Di people was still inevitable. (This is the same as what happened to the Liao, Jin and Yuan Dynasties in the later Song Dynasty. It was very painful and pitiful.) Under such circumstances, Taiwang had no choice but to move the capital to make another plan and leave Fenyan.Before the trip, I called together the elders of the subdivided land and told them, I have heard that a gentleman and a benevolent person will not use things that are used to maintain everyone to harm others.Now foreigners are coming to invade us. I have given them a lot of property for everyone's living and working in peace and contentment, but their aggression has never stopped.Because their main purpose is to get our land, and they will never give up if they don't get this land. Originally, I hoped to use the land we live now to enable everyone to live a stable life, but now because I have this land, the Di people continue to attack us, which is equivalent to using the land to cause everyone to suffer from war. It shouldn't be.There are many people like me, and you don't have to worry about not finding better leaders.In order not to implicate you, I will leave here, so please take care of yourself. From Mencius' narration, we can know that in the ancient patriarchal society, a good leader was so pitiful.Mencius only talked about the example of King Tai of Zhou.In fact, in ancient history, there are many situations such as Zhou Taiwang.Later generations and Genghis Khan, the entrepreneurial master of the Yuan Dynasty, lived in the desert with his widowed mother in his youth, and was often bullied by others, which was also very pitiful.The environment is also similar to that of Zhou Taiwang, but the Yuan Dynasty nation has no cultural foundation, so it is not as long as the Zhou Dynasty. Then Mencius said that after the king talked to his subjects and seniors, he took his family, crossed Liangshan Mountain, and trekked to the foot of Qishan Mountain to settle down.However, the common people living in Fenzhai said that the Taiwang is a good leader and we should not lose such a leader, so everyone gave up the land in Fenzan and followed Taiwang to live under the Qishan Mountain to redevelop the land. new world.A lot of people followed like this, and a new force poured into Qishan like a market, consolidating the King's base. Mencius also said that there are still people who hold another argument, that all the land that has been passed down from generation to generation, the so-called "land of residence", should be guarded carefully, and you should not give up the inheritance of your ancestors in the hands of your generation.Then you would rather die in battle, would rather subjugate the country, and don't give up lightly, only stick to it. This is based on the argument that it is the responsibility of guarding the soil, and it is also the most difficult truth through the ages.In the Northern Song Dynasty, when Liao and Jin were growing and declining, Zuo Qigong, the last prime minister of the Liao Kingdom, fought hard in the court and could not give up Hebei. He also said: "The king should not listen to the suggestion of donating swallows, and an inch of mountains and rivers is worth an inch of gold". This is the truth. After Mencius put the finishing touches on it like this, he then told Teng Wengong that between the two, you must not contradict or follow, and you can only choose one of them. In all periods of turmoil in history, there are many encounters in an environment like Teng.We can understand from this that it is difficult for a small country to be among big countries.Just like the Middle East issue that is currently being disputed in modern times, there are many difficulties among those small countries.In today's world, regardless of Europe, Africa, and small countries around the world, many of the difficulties they encounter are the same as the Teng Kingdom in the Warring States Period. The environment they are in is very contradictory.It is not easy for people who have not experienced the situation to understand. Secondly, the same is true for personal life. You cannot contradict yourself. When encountering difficulties or persecution, you must change your environment.When the environment cannot be changed, one must stand up and be strong, and would rather die than succumb to the difficult environment. Duke Ping of Lu is about to go out, and those who want to pay attention to Zang Jin, please say: "When the king comes out in the future, he will be ordered to have a secretary; now the father has already passed, and there is a secretary who does not know what to do. Dare to ask." The Duke said: "I will see Mencius." Said: "What is it? You think that those who lighten their lives and put them ahead of their husbands are virtuous? Rituals and righteousness come from the sages, and Mencius's funeral is more than that of the previous ones. You have not seen it." The Duke said, "No." Le Zhengzi came to see him and said, "Why didn't you see Meng Ke, Jun Xi?" Said: "Or tell the widowed people: 'Mencius will be mourned later than before.' So I won't see you." Said: "What is it? What you call the overachievers, the first is a scholar, the second is a doctor, the first is the three tripods, and the second is the king's tripod?" Said: "No, it is also called the beauty of the inner and outer coffins and quilts." Said: "It's not the so-called communication, the rich and the poor are different." Lezhengzi saw Mencius and said: "If you want to tell the king, the king will come to see you. If you have Zang Cang to go to Jujun, the king will come because there is no result." Said: "Do it or make it, stop it or nip it, it's beyond human ability to do it. I can't meet the Marquis of Lu, it's heaven. The son of the Zang family, how can I make you not meet me!" This is a record of Mencius in his later years, returning to Zoulu, and retreating to Yimingzhi.Lu Pinggong has a favored close minister (follower), of course not a minister, but he will be by his side at any time, and will become an important key figure in certain matters—the eunuch who will be favored by later generations is this type Character - this person is called Zang Cang.One day, he saw that Lu Pinggong's vehicles, guards, etc. were ready for going out, and he was about to leave the palace.At this time, he asked Lu Pinggong, "When you go out before, you will inform your followers in advance where your destination is.But now, the vehicle personnel are all ready, the people below don't know where you are going, and they dare not ask, so let me ask for instructions, where are you going? Lu Pinggong said, I am going to see Mencius.When Zang Cang heard this, he immediately seized the opportunity to attack Mencius.He said to Lu Pinggong, why do you want to see him?You are respected as the king of a country, why do you go to see a commoner in person so easily?Do you think he is a wise man?In dealing with people, those who can conform to etiquette and righteousness are sages.In other words, what a sage does must be in line with etiquette.Like Mencius, his father died early.Later, when his mother passed away, he handled his mother's funeral far more grandly than his father's funeral.For my parents, there is a difference in thickness before and after the funeral, which is not in accordance with the etiquette system.Do you still visit this kind of person?Lu Pinggong said, then I will not go. Here we see that the strength of the villain is often found in a small place, and if you find a little thing, the situation will change with a slight touch, which is called "slander".Everyone's psychology has congenital shortcomings, and he likes to listen to slander and small stories.Especially if you are a high-ranking person, you will get tired of listening to big principles and big talk.Slanderous gossip takes advantage of the emptiness, and it often has to be in the middle, so it is rare to praise the wise king in history.In fact, not only being a king, everyone who is a leader must pay attention.Even as a commoner parent, you must pay attention to any trivial matter.The ancients said, "He who talks about right and wrong is right and wrong." This is a famous saying that is not easy. Lezhengzi, surnamed Lezheng and given name Ke, was a student of Mencius, and at that time he was already a doctor in the state of Lu.Duke Ping of Lu had a meeting with the King of Qi to repair it. When discussing international issues, Le Zhengzi took the opportunity to highly praise Mencius.The other ministers accompanying him at that time also said how good Mencius was, so when Mencius returned to the state of Lu this time, Duke Ping of Lu wanted to visit Mencius.Now Le Zhengzi got the news that Duke Ping Lu canceled his idea of ​​seeing Mencius, so he went to ask Duke Ping Lu why you didn't go to see Mencius.Lu Pinggong trusted Zang Cang because of his favor and trust, so of course he somewhat defended him. When he replied to Le Zhengzi, he only said, I was told that Mencius organized the funeral of his own parents in different degrees. I don't have enough cultivation, so I don't go to see him anymore. Le Zhengzi said, where did the words come from?I probably heard people say that his funeral for his mother was more than the funeral for his father before!This is because the last time he used the funeral ceremony of a soldier, he performed the three tripod sacrifices of fish, dolphin and chicken.But later his mother died, and at that time he had the status of a doctor, and he performed five tripod sacrifices of sheep, dolphins, chickens, fish, and skins. (Before the Anti-Japanese War, sacrifices were held on the mainland, and there was a distinction between three animal sacrifices and five animal sacrifices. The three animals were poultry (chicken), fresh scales (fish), and pork fat (pork). The five animals were the above three animals plus domestic geese ( Duck) and skin (rabbit) are sacrifices for the five animals.) This is not because he sacrificed to his parents differently, but because his environment, identity, and status are different, and he is still acting according to the ritual! Only then did Lu Ping understand, but he couldn't turn the corner, so he said, no, I don't mean this aspect, I mean that the materials of the coffins and shrouds he bought are different.What was given to his father was cheap material, but what was used on his mother was a high-priced coffin, good clothing, and good quilts.Le Zhengzi said, as for this point, it cannot be said that there is a violation of the etiquette system!The price of funeral supplies is high or low, because Mencius's economic environment is different.When he was a priest, his income was small and he couldn't afford expensive ones.Later, when I became a doctor, with a high salary, I was able to spend a high price to buy more beautiful coffins and quilts.This is because the situation of rich and poor is different before and after Mencius, and there is nothing wrong with the ritual system. This paragraph of article may seem ordinary, but for thousands of years, the human condition and state of the world in society have been like this, even in modern European and American countries.There are ancient Chinese proverbs, the so-called "love to listen to small words", and "the far and near value the person". Generally, people use these small things to comment and measure a person's level, good and evil, right and wrong, and even become a moral personality. the law code. When Le Zhengzi heard Lu Pinggong's words against the Japanese, he might have thought to himself, as the monarch of a country, you are not the owner of a coffin shop or funeral parlor, why do you pay attention to other people's purchase of coffins and shrouds?It is clear that there is no such thing as a gentleman, and it is not like a gentleman, so I can't go on, so there is no need to go on.Anyway, knowing that he is just a person who likes to listen to small talk, I will stop talking. So Le Zhengzi turned his head to look at his teacher Mencius.Of course, with a bit of grumbling, I once submitted a report to our boss, Lu Pinggong, about the teacher's academic ethics.Lu Pinggong listened and wanted to come to see you. Unexpectedly, there is a trusted villain next to the boss—the treacherous official Zang Cang. I count on you. Mencius told Le Zhengzi that when he came to see me, there were factors that prompted him to come; if he did not come to see me, there were factors that prevented him from not coming.Whether he comes to see me or not is actually not a human decision, it is destiny.Although Zang Cang is a villain and said bad things about me, how could he have such great power to influence me to meet Lu Pinggong or not?You don't have to complain about him. Judging from the text, our section can be explained as above.But among them, "do or make it, stop or nip it" This sentence, if we make some careful scrutiny, we will find that it has another meaning. The words of these two sentences are beautiful and can be interpreted in two ways.One is that if Lu Pinggong went to see Mencius, it was because Le Zhengzi facilitated him, and he clarified the misunderstanding for Mencius.The reason why he didn't go to see Mencius was another factor that stopped him, and that was the slander of Zang Cang.And a person who is a leader should not be influenced by others.Now he will be swayed by others, so the leader can be imagined, and there is nothing to talk about.So there is no need to blame Zang Cang, Zang Cang is just doing what he likes.On a basic principle, he had no sincere desire to see me at all. Another in-depth explanation, Mencius's sentence "do it or make it, stop it or nip it." It means that if my way can be done and realized, then there will naturally be people in the world with the power to make it happen. I am reused to carry out my ideals.If my way doesn't work, then I don't need others to stop me, I will see the trend and stop. To be honest, my way of doing things may or may not be good, "This is good for the world, and if you are poor, you will be good for yourself." If you have a chance, save the world, save the country, and save the society; if you don't have a chance, manage yourself well.This "going" or "stopping" is not something that can be arranged by personnel. In the dark, there is an unknown aura.The world deserves peace.My way will be practiced naturally; the world should be in turmoil, and there is no way to do it.So I can't meet Lu Pinggong, it is really not something that can be controlled by personnel.You don't have to blame Zang Cang's instigation. The above sentence can be understood in two meanings, and it can also be said to be the major principle of Mencius' conduct in the world.In history, in the real society, a person's origin may be attacked by such similar incidents anytime and anywhere. As long as you read more history and experience more life, you will feel that it is a very common thing, and everything will be taken calmly, and you will not care about it, just like Mencius's final conclusion to Le Zhengzi. I once wrote four sentences that looked like gatha but not poetry, and I just provided them here for your reference. "It's a pitiful thing to be in a famous place, right and wrong are competing for the sky. It seems that it's all because of people and me. If there is no self, it's no harm to make people perfect." In fact, in principle, it's all because of the difference between people and me.Narrowing down the scope of reality is a conflict of interests. People are so insignificant and pitiful, but this is only for the self-cultivation of the individual.If you want to make a career and be a leader, you can't be sloppy and let your emotional impulses lead you to listen to slander.Otherwise, it would be too unwise to miss capable talents because of this, or even affect the overall situation. At this point, the upper and lower chapters of "King Hui of Liang" have probably been studied, which is also the most important part of the study of "Mencius".Because the contents of the first and second chapters of "King Hui of Liang" are the ideals and ambitions of Mencius who wholeheartedly wanted to save the extremely turbulent Warring States Period in his life.He has the idea of ​​​​saving the world, so he traveled between Wei and Qi, hoping to be accepted by a regime, through which he can promote his ideas and make contributions to the world and human society.Among his thoughts, the highest political principles and philosophical foundations are contained in these two chapters.At the same time, it can also be said to be the epitome of his biography of traveling around the world from middle age to old age after his academic achievements.