Chapter 7 Erlang God and Dujiangyan-2

But Mencius was quite unlucky.Just when he and King Hui of Liang were talking slowly, and he was able to persuade King Hui of Liang not to doubt his truth that "the king also said that benevolence and righteousness are nothing more than righteousness" and not to hesitate to implement a benevolent government, unfortunately, King Hui of Liang died. , the new king——King Liang Xiang ascended the throne. At this time, Mencius was about to leave the state of Wei. Because the new king came to power, everything was different.Here's what happened when Mencius met the new king: Mencius met King Xiang of Liang.out.The speaker said: "Looking at it doesn't look like a gentleman, but you don't see what you are afraid of when you look at it. Suddenly asked:

'Is the world evil? ’ I said to him: ‘It’s fixed in one. ''Who can one of them? ” Conversation: “Those who are not addicted to killing can be one.” ''Who can match it? ” Conversation: “There is nothing in the world that does not agree with it.”Is Wang Zhifu Miao?If there is drought between July and August, the seedlings will be dry and beautiful.When the sky turns into clouds and it rains, the seedlings will thrive!If this is the case, can you master it by familiarity? !Among the people and herdsmen in the world today, there is no one who is not addicted to killing people.If there is someone who is not addicted to killing, the people of the world will all lead and look forward to it.It is true that when the people return to it, they will go down from the water. Who can resist it? "'

This passage is really well written. Not to mention that there are few such vivid and humorous works in ancient Chinese, even if it is written in vernacular Chinese in modern times, it is difficult to write so vividly and just right.Between the lines, experience it, it's quite fun. The new king of the state of Wei, King Xiang, came to the throne. He summoned Mencius for the first time, and Mencius went. However, there was no objective and direct account of the circumstances and content of the conversation between the two. It was only said that Mencius came out after meeting King Xiang. .Then Mencius, one of the parties involved, said to others: This new king, at first glance, does not look like an emperor at first glance. The phrase "Looking like you don't look like a gentleman" has become a famous saying and everyone's spoken word.For thousands of years, until today, people often use this sentence to criticize others. Everyone can understand, when borrowing this sentence to criticize others, what is the state of mind and emotion in oneself, and what kind of psychological state is it? The state is also quite complex, subtle and indescribable.

Mencius added another sentence: When you get close to him and take a closer look, he has no modesty at all, and he has no fear or caution.We know that the more virtuous a person is, the higher his status is, the more fearful and cautious he will be when dealing with an emergency.Especially at that time, the state of Wei was in the four wars in terms of strategic geography, surrounded by strong neighbors, and had already suffered several major defeats. It was the time when the country was in a weak state. He should know that this king is not easy to be .Let alone such an international situation, even if the world is peaceful, one should be apprehensive and apprehensive in such a high position, but King Liang Xiang behaved like a son of a son, he didn't care about it.That's why Mencius said that he "doesn't see what he fears."Not only the monarch of a country should be vigilant and fearful, but also a commoner should be like this in his daily life, otherwise, if he gains a little bit, he will be satisfied.Earning a thousand yuan and being so happy that he couldn't sleep all night, this is called "small and easy to make money". It is like a small wine glass, which will overflow after adding a little water. Such a person does not have any great achievements.

These two sentences are Mencius describing his impression after observing King Liang Xiang, as if he was looking for King Liang Xiang. Of course, how about looking at the face instead of looking at the eyes?How about the nose?What about luck?This is the physiognomy of ordinary quacks.In Chinese traditional culture, there are several books on the knowledge of "knowing people".At the end of the Han Dynasty, there was Liu Shao's "Character History".The most recent one is Zeng Guofan in the Qing Dynasty. "Character History" can be regarded as a book for reading physiognomy, that is, the study of knowing people.The so-called "form and name" book can also be regarded as a must-read book for modern research on personnel management.

It discusses issues such as people's utensils, utensils, and demeanor.In fact, when it comes to reading physiognomy, China had it very early in the Warring States Period.In the Han Dynasty, there was a famous matchmaker named Xu Negative, who was well-known in the government and the public, and was very accurate in reading.Of course, there are also some flattering villains who say nice things to people and flatter them blindly, which is another matter. But it is also very difficult to look at a person's inner moral cultivation from his outer words and demeanor.In modern terms, it is a matter of quality.For modern industrial products, quality control must be strengthened, that is, each product has a certain level of specification, and this specification is the minimum quality.Products have a certain quality, which must be identified by scientific methods and precision instruments before leaving the factory. Those that exceed the standard are of good quality, and those that are not as good as the standard are of poor quality and must be eliminated.People also have their own qualities.The reason why people are successful is that they have other qualities and excellent qualities.And judging the quality of a person is like judging the quality of things, which can be seen from the appearance, and the temperament of the person can be seen from the words and demeanor of the person.For example, the so-called "the posture of the dragon and the phoenix, the appearance of the sky and the sun" and other comments on the emperor's characters are the description of the instrument.For example, Longzhun, Longyan, etc., who describe Emperor Gaozu of the Han Dynasty, look like a dragon on the surface, with a high nose, and a big garlic head underneath, with a mouth as wide as the ears, and two eyes wide open. Does it look good? Woolen cloth?Leave him alone.Some people also explained that Taizu Zhu Yuanzhang's appearance was very similar to a pig, pointing out that the portrait of Zhu Yuanzhang now collected in the Palace Museum is fake, but the one in Tianchi Temple in Lushan Mountain is the real one.I have seen the portrait of Ming Taizu in Tianchi Temple on Lushan Mountain, which is accused of being real. It really looks like a pig's head.In my opinion, the one on Mount Lushan is fake, and the one on the Forbidden City is the real one. Otherwise, it would be really ugly for an emperor to look like that pig's head!In fact, it is impossible.This is gossip that tells a historical story.

In addition, there are two stories about the degree of human beings in history.It is also enough to prove that a person's temperament is indeed the expression of his inner self-cultivation temperament.The famous traitor of the Jin Dynasty and a semi-successful figure in history—Huan Wen, he fought to the east of Sichuan on behalf of Shu, and saw several piles of stones in Baidi City. It is said that Zhuge Liang fought in the Yiqi Gate. Dunjia, the eight formations laid down to defeat the enemy and win the battle.At this time, Huan Wen thought he was great, and he thought Zhuge Liang was nothing more than that.So he showed a very proud attitude, and said to a veteran beside him who had followed Zhuge Liang when he was young: "You have been with Prime Minister Zhuge, how do you compare me with Duke Zhuge today?"

At first, the veteran said repeatedly: "Almost! Almost! The majesty is almost the same, but..." After a pause, he sighed again and said: "I have been with Prime Minister Zhuge for many years, but after the death of Prime Minister Zhuge, in the past few decades , and looked at these many people, but none of them can compare with Prime Minister Zhuge." Huan Wen turned pale when he heard the veteran's conclusion. Huan Wen usually admires his majestic appearance, demeanor, and temperament very much, and thinks that his temperament is comparable to that of Emperor Xuan of Jin Dynasty and Liu Kun.When he came back from conquering Qin, he bought an old servant girl. After questioning, this servant girl used to be Liu Kun's servant girl, so she knew Liu Kun well.When the old maid saw Huan Wen, she couldn't help crying, and said to Huan Wen, "You are very similar to Liu Sima."Hearing her words, Huan Wen fell in love with her. He was very happy, but he was still not satisfied. He put on his hat and straightened his clothes to make them more straight, and asked the maid again, "Look at me carefully again." You look like Liu Sima—to what extent?" The woman looked at him carefully and said, "Your face is very similar, but your skin is a little thinner, not as futai as his; your eyes are also very similar, but it's a pity that you are small. A little bigger, just a little bigger; Well, the beard looks very similar, but unfortunately you are a red beard, not as black as his; the whole body is similar, but you are not as tall as him; the voice is also similar, but your voice She's a bit sissy." The old servant woman was ordered to comment on her head and foot, and talked for a long time, and she said everything was similar, but everything was close to nothing.Huan Wen was so angry that he took off his hat and robe, and simply ran to sleep with his head covered. He was unhappy for several days.In addition, for example, when Xu Shao looked at Cao Cao, he said that he was "a capable minister in the world, and a traitor in troubled times." Cao Cao asked Pei Qian, "Qing Xi and Liu Bei lived in Jingzhou together. How about Qing Yibei?" Pei Qian said: " If you live in China, you can mess up people, but you can't rule them. If you take advantage of the frontier and guard the danger, you will be the master of one side."

These evaluations about historical figures are the words of wisdom of extremely smart people who can see clearly from the sidelines. Of course, they are not judged solely on the basis of nose, eyes and other facial features. The situation of the great man is like this, but the little man also has the temperament of the little man.There is such a joke: At the end of the Qing Dynasty, the treasury was empty, so the officials sold their titles, set up a donation class, set the price, and how much money they donated, they could become as big officials as possible, and they collected money.At that time, there was a boatman who made a fortune, donated a large sum of money, and got a seventh-rank Dingdai. He also learned the etiquette in the Ministry of Rites. After studying hard for a period of time, he was able to put on the airs of an adjutant on the scene.But once, when I was having dinner with some officials of the same class, this grown-up who was born in the donated class still did not change his habit of eating on board when he picked up the chopsticks to pick up the dishes. With a poke of the palm, the two chopsticks were evenly aligned.This small gesture of his was seen by the people at the same table, and they all guessed that he was from a donated class, and he might have been a boatman in the past.This is still trivial.After the meal, everyone sat down to drink tea and chat. Among them was the governor of Qinglian County who was a Jinshi. His boots were torn, but he still stretched out his splayed feet without shame.The donating boatman saw it and said, Mr. So-and-so!Your boot is torn.The county magistrate was not embarrassed when he heard this, but raised his foot and said: "Although the face of my boots is torn, the bottom is very good."

This is a double entendre, which means: I am a county magistrate whose foundation is based on knowledge, unlike your brother, who was bought with money, so he blushed and lowered his head. It was the boatman who laughed at other people's broken boots. This is the difference in temperament. But sometimes it is not easy to look at people's temperament.It is an obvious so-called professional habitual action like this boatman lord is holding the chopsticks in the palm of his hand, but sometimes there are some specious appearances, so you need to have a discerning eye to distinguish them.As "Lu Shi Chunqiu" said:

Those who look like jade suffer from stones like jade.Those who fight swords are like Wu Yujiang who suffers from swords.A virtuous ruler is like a wise man, a subjugated king is like a wise man, and a subjugated minister is like a loyal person. Knowing people is like distinguishing things, the kind of specious fakes will confuse people the most, jade and stone are easy to distinguish.But when encountering a stone that looks like jade, the experts in the jewelry store also feel a headache.As for judging the sword, it is the same, it is made of ordinary pig iron, and the edge is not good, you can tell at a glance.But it looks like some kind of go-getter, Mo Xie's famous ancient sword, which will also cause headaches for antique dealers.Because of this, it is even more difficult to understand people.Because people are alive and moving, and can disguise themselves, a very capable monarch is also afraid of encountering the kind of debater who can talk good words and misunderstand him. People, to be reused and finally wronged the country.In history, there are many subjugated kings who seem to be very smart; some subjugated ministers seem to be very loyal. For example, Zhuge Liang, who everyone admires the most, also took Ma Di away, and sighed that he was not as good as Liu Bei's knower. It is difficult to judge a person by seeing his appearance, even if he knows his words and deeds, it is not enough. It is also necessary to have a deeper understanding of his personality.In Gou Shuo's "Shen Jian", there is a passage discussing the negative personality of tolerance: "Human nature, if there are mountains and deep abysses, the problem is that they are not clear." A person who is as stable as a mountain and is too prudent often fails to understand expediency when doing things. "Those who are strict and degraded are suffering from the wounded." People who are too rigorous and strong in life, and those who do their best to eliminate evil will often ruin their talents due to small omissions. "The vast and magnanimous people suffer from lack of inspection." Overly lenient people often don't know how to check when they encounter problems, and tend to be lazy and careless. "A person who is gentle, respectful and prudent, suffers from less judgment." People who are polite to others and cautious in their hearts do not have the courage to make decisive decisions in critical situations. "A person who is upright and clean suffers from narrowness." A person who is upright and meticulous has the disadvantage of being restrained and incapable of exerting himself. "Those who are able to argue and speak well suffer from talking too much." Those who are eloquent often commit the problem of talking too much. "Those who are comfortable and heavy will suffer in future generations." A person who is content with reality will definitely not mess around, but he is often a laggard who cannot keep up with the times. "Those who are good at keeping the scriptures will never change." Those who respect the tradition and abide by the rules tend to ignore the past and stick to the old dogma, so it is difficult to make progress. "Those who are courageous and resolute will suffer from danger." The so-called aggressive and energetic people in modern language, on the contrary, are likely to cause dangerous disasters. Therefore, after getting to know a person's temperament, we also need to look at the shortcomings of his temperament on the negative side, so whether it is "in matters" or "in use", we can achieve the goal of knowing people and being good at their duties. As soon as Mencius saw King Liang Xiang, he said that he "doesn't look like a king".This is Mencius's good at knowing people.There are indeed many professional emperors who are not like emperors in history, especially those who were born princes, and they are often not decent.According to unofficial records, after Zhu Yuanzhang unified the country, he once picked up a portrait of the descendant emperor of the Yuan Dynasty and said: "Looking left and right, he looks like a cow doctor, not like an emperor who rules the world." The cow doctor means veterinarian. Xuantong, the last emperor of the Qing Dynasty, has been seen by many people. Almost everyone has seen his photos. A typical example of Mr. From these two sentences, you can see that Mencius already believed that the new king of Wei Guo could not be supported, and it was already doomed that Mencius would leave at this time. Wei's fate. Mencius told others—or perhaps his pupils—that the new king of Wei had something even better.When King Xiang of Liang saw Mencius, he neither exchanged greetings nor was polite.Suddenly, unceremoniously, recklessly, and without thinking, he poked out a question that didn't know much about it: "How to fix the world?" So Mencius had no choice but to answer him: "It's fixed in one." What is this "one"?one person?one thing?a principle?a strategy?or a country? What exactly is "one"?It's like the words of Buddhist meditation meditation, there is no definite meaning, so you can think about it as you like. ! But this "unafraid" son is thinking of one person, and this person is me, King Xiang. So he immediately asked Mencius: "Which person can rule the world?" At this time, Mencius told him according to his words: "Only the person who does not like to kill people can rule the world." Only then did King Xiang understand what Mencius said. The people in the world are not him, King Liang Xiang, but people who don't like to kill people. Those who don't kill can rule the world.If we interpret it according to the text in this modern era, this sentence seems to be unreasonable and unreasonable.You and I don't want to say that we don't like killing people, even if we are afraid of killing a chicken, can we rule the world?If this is the case, everyone can rule the world.Of course, we cannot make such an explanation.Mencius' words refer to the monarch of that era.In the Warring States period, the master of the people, the head of the people, could kill people at will according to his own likes and dislikes. He had the absolute right to kill people. Can also kill.So what Mencius said was for the masters who had the privilege of killing people at that time. King Liang Xiang said: "If a person insists on not killing people, who is willing to help him when he is with him?"Probably during the Warring States period, the monarchs of all countries took killing as their duty, and they used killing to establish their prestige, making people fearful, and they followed because they were afraid of being killed. King Xiang of Liang, who grew up with the idea that the owner can kill at will, was surprised to hear Mencius said that the world can be ruled by not killing people, so he asked the phrase "who can fight with him". When Mencius heard this ignorant question, he still enlightened him, telling him: "If today there is a leader who loves the people and does not kill people at will, then all people in the world will be with him." Mencius was afraid that he would not understand this truth. , So he changed to a metaphor to enlighten him and said: "You must know the growth of seedlings in the field. Every year in July and August, if there is no rain for a long time, the fields will be dry and the rice will wither without water.At this time, in the clear sky where the sun was shining brightly, clouds filled with water vapor suddenly surged, and then abundant rain fell, and soon, the rice that had already bowed down and was about to wither , it became alive again, straightened the straw vigorously, and revived and grew up vigorously.This abundant nourishing power is the law of nature, who can stop it? " It is lamentable that Mencius's metaphor of withered seedlings happens to be a portrayal of life in the Warring States Period. In ancient history, when encountering troubled times, human life is like a camp of dry seedlings. Most of the ambitious princes took the route of "disabled people to achieve success"-to satisfy their selfish desires.After reading the section of "Mencius", people's lives are like grass and dry seedlings, which reminds people of Shen Mingchen's poem in the Ming Dynasty-"killing people like grass but not hearing a sound" is a sad description. Then Mencius said: "The rulers who lead people today, the kings of all countries, there is no one who is not happy, and kills people like hemp without moving. If there is a benevolent and righteous king among them, he can implement benevolent government, sympathize with the people, and not kill at will. If there is a war, then all the common people in the world will stretch their necks and look up, looking forward to the leadership of this monarch. If such a monarch appears one day, and such a situation happens, then the common people will It is coming towards him like a huge current rushing down. How can this natural trend be stopped by manpower? Then this monarch, who is not easy to kill, can of course unify the world.” This section is equivalent to Mencius' diary, his own historical notes.Before he was about to leave Wei State, he was very unlucky and unhappy. Although King Liang Hui could not agree, the result was almost the same, at least it was possible to talk. Now the new king "doesn't look like a king" at all, so there is no need to talk. After talking, we can only pack up and walk. In this section of the record, although King Liang Xiang's questioning was not good, and the question was impolite and meaningless.But what Mencius said in reply to him were all wise words and true truths.Anyone who wants to be the lord of a country must have such a mind and tolerance.On the contrary, it also explained the reason why Mencius said that King Xiang of Liang "does not look like a king". King Liang Xiang didn't have this kind of ambition, so he couldn't make people feel awe and admiration when they saw him. His temperament and mind didn't have the kind of momentum that made people willing to submit to him and help him. Since Mencius met King Liang Xiang that time, he came out and said to people that King Liang Xiang "doesn't look like a king", and left Wei State.This should have happened in the year when King Hui of Liang had just passed away and King Xiang came to the throne.In the second year of King Liang Xiang, Su Qin went to Wei State about after Mencius, and persuaded King Liang Xiang to participate in Su Qin's plan to unite the six countries to resist Qin.Of course, precise textual research is difficult to say. The process of Su Qin's visit to Wei State and his conversation with King Liang Xiang this time is described in both "Historical Records" and "Warring States Policy", with similar content, but the records in "Warring States Policy" are more detailed and exciting.Now quoting here, we can compare and do some research. Su Zi (that is, Su Qin) is Zhao Hezong, and said that King Wei (the heir of King Hui. The second year of King Xiangxiang) said: The mouth of the king (an ancient character), there is a Honggou in the south (that is, the Langdang Canal, in the east of Rongyang, Henan, and the south) As far as Chen Ruying, the Zhihe River was its route before the Song Dynasty, and it is now called the Jialu River; from Rongyang, through Heyin, Kaifeng and other counties, south to Shangshui County, and merged with Rushui), Chen, Ru (Ru River originated in Song Dynasty, Henan Province today) Nanshan County, northeast through Yiyang, Linru, and southeast through the suburbs, Baofeng, Xiangcheng, Yancheng, and southeast of the Guohe River, from the south of Yancheng to Xiping, Shangcai, and Yuanji. The river cuts off its flow, and the water pours eastward, while the water of Shangcai in the west is still called Rushui. The barnyard land does not reach Chen, and Gai praises it.) In the south, there are Xu, Yan (that is, Yanling), Kunyang, and Shaoling (that is, Zhaoling Mausoleum), Wuyang (now the county, which is Ruyang Road, the old city is in the south of the county), Xinqianqian (the old city is in the southeast of Fuyang County, Anhui today).There is Huai in the east (Wei land does not reach Huai, Gai boasted it.) Ying (originated from Dengfeng County, Henan. It flows southeast, passes through Kaifeng, Xuchang and other counties, joins the Dasha River, and then enters Fuyang, Anhui in the southeast, joins the Xiaosha River, and ends at Shou County and enters the Huai River), Yi, Huang, (the upper one is the lower fire) Zao (the old city is in Heze County, Shandong Province today) West), sea salt, no mouth ("Historical Records" ——Wuhaiyan character, 口 for Xu, Suoyin——Dique), to the west there is the boundary of the Great Wall (from the north of Zheng Binluo to Guyang. The boundary between Qin and Wei is also.There is the old Great Wall in the southwest of Xiluyan, Huaxian County, Shaanxi Province, which is the site of the Six Kingdoms period), and there is Hewai in the north (Suoyin in "Historical Records"-Hezhinanyi, Ruoquwo, Pingzhou and other places. The case is in the suburbs of Henan Province today. The old city of Quwo, the land of Wei in the Warring States period, is not Quwo, the capital of Jin Dynasty. In the north of Zhengxian County, Henan today.), Suanzao (the old city is in the north of Yanjin County today).The mouth is thousands of miles away, and although the name of the mouth is small, there was no place to graze cattle and horses in Lutian Lushe.The masses of the people, the multitude of chariots and horses, and their ceaseless movement day and night, are indistinguishable from the masses of the three armies.The minister stole the information that the kingdom of great kings is no less than that of Chu. However, the Hengren (those who advocate Lianheng) conspired to be the king, diplomatically strengthened the Qin of tigers and wolves, and invaded the world.There is nothing more sinful than taking advantage of the power of the Qin Dynasty to rob its master. And Wei, the most powerful country in the world.Your Majesty, the virtuous Lord of the world.Today, he intends to serve Qin from the west, and he is called Dongfan, and builds an imperial palace (it is said that Qin built a palace, prepared for his hunting and gave it up, so it is called an imperial palace.), and receives the crown belt (the so-called crown belt system, all accepted The law of Qin.), feeding Chunqiu (that is, Chunqiu tribute to Qin, to help Qin sacrifice.), ministers are ashamed of the king. I asked Goujian (Yun Changzi), King of Yue, that there were three thousand soldiers killed, and the poultry was sent to the main road (that is, in the tunnel, where Fucha, the king of Wu, committed suicide. It is now Wan'an Mountain in the northwest of Wuxian County, Jiangsu Province. It is said that Yuhang Mountain in Qin Dynasty is called Yangshan Mountain, also known as Yangshan Mountain. Sifei Mountain, the other side of the mountain is Furitun Mountain, which is its land. After the king of Wu replaced Qi, he met Jin in Huangchi, so the king of Yue attacked Wu. It was the thirty-eighth year of King Jing. In the third year of King Yuan, Yue destroyed Wu. ).King Wu had three thousand soldiers and three hundred leather chariots (army chariots), and he was beheaded in Muzhiye (now Muye, in the south of Qixian County, Henan today.).Why are there so many soldiers?Sincerity can boost its prestige. Today, I heard that the pawn of the king, the military force ("Historical Records" is a warrior, and the military soldier is also. "Hanshu Criminal Law Chronicle"-Wei Shiwu soldier, the armor of the three genus of clothing, holds the crossbow of twelve stones, fifty negative arrows, and set Ge Qi Above, crowned with a sword, wins food for three days, travels hundreds of miles in the middle of the day, restores its households in the pilot test, and benefits its fields and houses) more than 200,000, Cangtou (it is said to wrap the head in a blue scarf, so as to be different from others ) 200,000, fighting (soldiers who can seize the attacker) 100,000, servants (cooking and worshiping chores) 100,000, 600 cars, and 5,000 horses.This is far away from Goujian, king of Yue, and king of Wu.Today, it is said that it is robbed by the ministers (evil ministers), and the common ministers serve Qin.When a husband serves Qin, he must cede the land to serve (offer) the quality, so the country has lost money before the soldiers are used.All the ministers who say something about Qin are all traitors, not loyal ministers. The husband is a minister, cutting off the mouth of his master, using diplomacy to steal the achievements once, regardless of the future, breaking the public house and becoming a private family, supporting the Qin Dynasty from the outside, and robbing the master from the inside, in order to cede the land, I hope the king will be familiar with it Observe it. "Book of Zhou" said: continuous, slow ("Historical Records" refers to vines, which means spreading) but nothing!If you don't pull out a hair, it will become an axe.If you are uncertain, there will be serious troubles later.What will happen!The king can listen to his ministers sincerely.If the six countries follow (vertical) relatives and concentrate on working together, there will be no danger of strengthening Qin.Therefore, the king of Zhao (in Suhou's language) in our city sent his envoys to offer foolish tricks, and made a clear promise to serve as the king's edict. The king of Wei said: "The widow is disrespectful, and I have never been able to clarify the teachings. Now the lord has ordered it with the edict of King Zhao, and respected the country." Su Qin came to Wei Guo to lobby in the name of Zhao Guo, the founding country of Hezong, in fact, he was fighting for fame and wealth for himself.He didn't care whether King Liang Xiang looked like a king or not. He started with the geographical situation of Wei State, elaborated on Wei State's strategic terrain, and even exaggerated it, talking about the borders around Wei very lively. , and talked about how many people there are in the state of Wei, bragging about it, and putting a high hat on King Wei Xiang.This is the difference between Mencius and Su Qin.The so-called counselors, lobbyists, and strategists all put high hats on others, and even said that Wei State was not inferior to Chu State. In fact, Chu State in the south at that time was stronger than Wei State in terms of territory, geographical environment, etc. much. Next, the ministers under King Liang Hui and King Liang Xiang and his son were scolded.He said that they "take advantage of Qin's power to rob their masters, and there is nothing more sinful than this." These few words are very serious, which is equivalent to saying that Liang Huiwang and other cadres are not loyal. Su Qin's move was very powerful. His scolding immediately silenced those who wanted to express their opinions under King Liang Xiang. But for King Liang Xiang, he continued to give him high hats one after another. "The powerful country in the world" and "the virtuous lord in the world" are big flatterers.Anyway, it's a matter of the world, if you make a lot of mistakes, it's good to flatter you.Like a modern salesman, every effort must be made to convince the customer.As for the way of persuasion, wearing a high hat is the safest and most effective.After the flattery, when the other party heard it in a daze, the other hand came, and he immediately slapped him, saying that King Liang Xiang has such a big and powerful country, and he wants to bow his head servilely to others. Not too shameful! At this time, Su Qin cited the story of the war between Wu and Yue in the past history, and at the same time analyzed the national strength of Wei State as the basis for his statement of the joint vertical claim.We should not think that Su Qin failed in his lobbying for the first time, returned home, read "Yin Fu Jing" for a few years, and then read out the knowledge.Nowadays, everyone has studied for 16 years from elementary school to university, and entering the society, it is not easy to find a job that costs 7,000 to 8,000 yuan.The national power of Wei State mentioned by Su Qin here is definitely not caused by him being locked in the house, the curtains are not drawn, his head is hanging from the beam, and his buttocks are pierced.During this period of time, he collected information and made clear the strength of all countries in the world, and he knew it like the back of his hand.So we all should not be nerds when we read books.When Su Qin came out to lobby for the first time, he was indeed a nerd, but when he came out to lobby for the second time, it was quite different. He already knew the confidential information on national defense of various countries very clearly. At the same time, we understand the situation in Wei State at that time, but when Mencius saw King Hui of Liang, he asked them to practice benevolence and righteousness. You must not follow suit, it’s the same. In front of King Liang Xiang, Su Qin stated the situation of Wei State at that time and the detailed figures of war preparations, and then scolded the ministers and cadres under him, saying that these cronies around King Liang Xiang were all ministers who were prostitutes. It's just a treacherous minister who will please and flatter, and will not seek the country, not a loyal minister.Su Qin, as a foreigner, went to the state of Wei and dared to scold his trusted ministers in front of the king of the state of Wei. We must learn about his background at that time from here. When Su Qin lobbied for the first time, although his family had already spent a lot of money, he had cars, horses, and furs, and he was well-dressed and handsome, but in the end he was alone, with his head on his hands If it is not done well, it will be thrown away at any time.But this time Su Qin is better than before.He first persuaded King Zhao to accept his joint vertical plan, and then on behalf of Zhao Guo to persuade King Liang Xiang.At this time, Su Qin not only brought a large number of assistants and guards with him, but also had Zhao Guo as his backing, so his attitude when speaking was different.Righteously and sternly, he refers to the ministers of Wei State, who regard the land dominated by others, make friends with foreign countries, seek quick success, and ignore the consequences.In fact, these words were all scolding King Liang Xiang, but as a diplomat and a strategist, it was naturally inconvenient for him, and he would not scold a monarch he wanted to persuade face to face.So these words and these responsibilities were completely transferred to the cadres of this country, so that the other party had room to turn around. Su Qin's move was quite scolded, and his comments about "stealing success through diplomacy" are exactly the same as the situation of US Secretary of State Kissinger a few years ago.Actually?Didn't Su Qin himself just "steal the achievements with diplomacy"?From this point of view, most of the world's right and wrong can only be temporarily retained for a while, and it is difficult to become "public right and wrong" forever. Then, he quoted the classics and stated the theory of "Book of Zhou".It can be said that there was no publishing industry at that time, and books were all carved on bamboo chips, which were very rare and precious.Su Qin quoted scriptures, implying that he was very knowledgeable and had read books that are difficult for ordinary people to read. On the one hand, he said that his plan was well-founded. Finally, he told his plan to marry relatives from six countries, and politely asked Liang Xiang to make a decision. . So, what happened to King Xiang of Liang, who was described by Mencius as "unlike a king", after hearing Su Qin's words?I blamed myself for being unworthy. I had never heard such a brilliant opinion. I signed the contract immediately and fully supported it to the end. However, after Su Qin died, Zhang Yi also came to see King Xiang of Liang, advocating the theory of Lianheng, which was another set of theories, which in turn refuted Su Qin's statement.These two articles are a good blueprint for editorial structure if they are published in newspapers or magazines. We read books to cite the past to prove the present, and we can learn from the present to the past.Just look at this article in "Warring States Policy", which records Su Qin's story about King Liang Xiang of Wei State. It is not known whether the situation at that time is exactly the same.But most of the records of later generations are not too far-fetched.After reading this article, I know that it was very lively at that time. From this article, we can understand the international status and strategic environment of Wei State in the era of King Liang Hui and King Liang Xiang, that is, the period when Mencius came to Wei State, its historical background, and the domestic situation.After understanding these, we can use a modern standpoint to understand whether King Liang Hui and King Liang Xiang, in the Warring States period, would have worked if they adopted the kingly spirit of benevolent government proposed by Mencius? Of course, what Mencius suggested to King Hui of Liang was only the highest principle of political philosophy, and it was not like Su Qin, Sun Tzu and other strategists and strategists who proposed immediate implementation, such as "combined vertical" and "lian horizontal". "One kind of specific method.But having said that, assuming that King Hui of Liang or other monarchs accepted the highest principle of Mencius's political philosophy, just like the state of Lu accepted Confucius' opinions and gave them power, then after Mencius gained power, he would naturally Propose specific methods.Therefore, we should not casually put the hat of "nerd" on Mencius.