Chapter 20 3. Aesthetic sentiment
When it comes to aesthetics, we must first know what is beauty?Confucianism believes that "fullness is beauty", and complete "goodness" is beauty.In other words, beauty is associated with people's moral cultivation.Taoism said: "Everyone in the world knows that beauty is beautiful, and this is evil." Beauty is only a relative value. From the perspective of "Tao", there is no question of whether it is beautiful or not, and everything is beautiful.In other words, beauty is truth.If a person wants to feel the beauty, he must look at the tangible world with a detached mind, not seeking the satisfaction of any real fame and fortune, but purely feeling the endless creativity of life, which is Zhuangzi's aesthetics .Therefore, Zhuangzi's fables often use ordinary people as the protagonists. Their ordinary skills may seem inconspicuous, but they can strive for excellence and practice them all their lives, and finally reach a level of perfection that makes people amazed.The story of "Old Man Sticky Cicada" is an example.
He said that Confucius once went to Chu State, passing through a forest on the way, and saw a hunched old man sticking cicadas with a bamboo pole, and the sticking was accurate and fast, as if picking something on the ground.Confucius was surprised when he saw it, and asked the old man, "Your skills are superb. Do you have any tricks?"
Said: "I have the way. In May and June, if you are tired of two pills and don't drop them, you will lose a penny; Dasheng")
The old man said: "I have a knack. After five or six months of practice, I put two bullets on the top of the bamboo pole without falling, so that it is rare to miss when going to stick Zen; then, I put three bullets without falling. Withered, the chance of missing is only one tenth; when five bullets are placed without falling, sticking Zen is like picking things up on the ground.”
The old man's cultivation method is to tie bullets to the top of the bamboo pole.I remember that when I was in elementary school, I lived in the country. When it was summer vacation, the happiest thing was to make an appointment with a few neighbor children to stick cicadas, and sometimes I only got one or two in the whole afternoon.The old man put marbles on the top of the sharp and thin bamboo poles, the marbles will naturally shake, and it is more difficult to stick to the cicadas, but it is only difficult, so it can cultivate extraordinary skills, and in the end it is like picking things on the ground , you can get it by bending over, it's too easy.Using bamboo poles to stick cicadas can do this, and you must go through long-term training. However, the real key is the following passage of the old man: When I am in the body, I am like a tree; when I hold my arms, I am like a branch of a withered tree; The sky and the earth are vast, and there are many things, but only the wings know them.I don't turn against or sideways, and I don't use the wings of all things to change, what can I do! ("Zhuangzi Dasheng")
I stand firm like a dead tree trunk upright; I raise my arms like a dead branch on a dead tree.Although the world is vast and there are many things, all I can perceive is the wings of Zen.I don't think about it, even everything can't be exchanged for cicada wings, so how can I not stick to it!
The old man can keep himself completely still, and his body is like a dead tree trunk, so the effect of sticking to cicadas is very good.The only thing the old man thinks about is the cicada's wings, and he is so focused that he can't even exchange everything for the cicada's wings. In this way, of course he will practice the cicada sticking skill as skillfully as picking things on the ground.It means that after a long period of training, this old man has turned the external skills into internal instincts, as if he could do it in the first place.Therefore, Confucius heard the words of the old man Nianchan, turned his head and said to his students: "You can't separate your ambitions, but concentrate on your spirit. It's called a stoop!" Come forth as an act of the gods.It's this old man who is bent over and hunchbacked!
Confucius used teaching as a career, and when he traveled around the world with his students, he taught randomly.The performance of the old man Nianchan is not considered a great learning in Confucianism.Zixia said: "Although the way is small, there must be something impressive. If you go far and fear mud, it is because a gentleman does not do it." Although it is a small skill, there is something to appreciate; but if you get stuck in it for a long time, you may get stuck in it , forgetting the right path that life should take, so a gentleman should not touch this kind of path.In the view of Confucianism, the right way of life is to engage in the cultivation of virtue, so that one's benevolence and virtue will be perfected day by day, and one's benevolence and virtue will be perfected day by day, so as to reach the state of perfection.But in the view of Taoism, why should you ignore the small skills of life? No matter what a person is engaged in or learns any skill, if he can achieve the performance of the cicada old man, he might as well calm down and appreciate it. The rules are internalized into instinct, so that he behaves "like a fish in water", and he does things that others seem to be very difficult, but he does it with ease. This is also an aesthetic sentiment.Because the so-called beauty is worth appreciating.It is a kind of beauty to see the miraculous skills of others, to temporarily forget the troubles in the process of appreciating them, and to feel that life is quite interesting.
There is a similar story in "Zhuangzi Zhibei Journey": It is said that there is a maker in Da Sima's family, who is over 80 years old, and the hooks he made are not wrong at all.Da Sima asked him: "Do you have skills? Or do you have Taoism?" The old craftsman replied, I like making belt hooks since I was twenty years old, "I don't care about things, and I don't notice anything other than hooks." If you don't look, you don't observe carefully if you don't have a hook; I pay attention to this because I don't pay attention to other things, so I can focus on it, so what about people who don't pay attention to everything?How could all things not help him?
Isn't the phrase "ignoring things, not being able to detect things without hooks" here exactly the same as the old man Nian Chan's "wings that don't change things easily"?Just like when Edison was concentrating on research, he used his watch as an egg and boiled it in water. He really didn't care about things other than scientific research.You can use your heart only if you don't care about something.This is understandable, but what does it mean that all things contribute to being "a man of all minds"? "Being omnipotent" means "doing nothing", that is, there is no specific purpose, and everything can be done naturally.Just like a person "doing nothing", the result is "doing nothing" in which everything will naturally go on track.With such an attitude, how can everything not help him?
When I was young, I liked to use the words "lifting weight as light" as my motto.It is a great enjoyment for a person to understand the tricks of a certain skill after long-term hard work, and to be able to do things that others think are difficult with ease, even in a smooth manner.Like Old Man Nian Chan and Old Man Chuigou, after a lifetime of practice, they have achieved outstanding skills, which makes people feel a kind of lively life force, which is really a display of the beauty of life.
"Paod Ding Jie Niu" is a famous fable of Zhuangzi.Pao Ding is the cook in the kitchen who is in charge of slaughtering cattle.Because of the influence of Buddhism, modern people always feel that killing cattle and pigs is terrible, but in ancient times, people took it more naturally, and it was also a part of life, and someone had to do these things.The story told by Zhuangzi takes Pao Ding as the main character: Pao Ding unscrews the ox for Lord Wen Hui, the touch of his hands, the leaning of his shoulders, the treading of his feet, the touching of his knees, the resounding sound, and the resounding sound of playing the knife. alto.The dance that fits the "Mulberry Forest" is the meeting of the "Jingshou".Wen Huijun said: "Hey, that's great! Is the skill so high?" ("Zhuangzi·Health Preserving Master")
There was a chef who dismembered cattle for Mr. Wen Hui.Whatever his hands touched, what his shoulders leaned on, what his feet stepped on, and what his knees held against, there was a rattling noise; It matches the movement of "Jingshou".Wen Huijun said: "Ah! Great! How can technology reach such a level?"
"Mulberry Forest" is a music and dance made by Shang Tang when he prayed for rain in the mulberry forest, and "Jingshou" is a chapter in "Xianchi" made by Yao (also said to be the Yellow Emperor).Pao Ding used his hands, shoulders, feet, and knees in the process of slaughtering cattle with his knife. His movements are graceful like dancing, and the sounds he makes hit the rhythm; the bloody cattle slaughtering process has become a music and dance performance.Wen Huijun looked at it and said that he didn't expect Xie Niu to be so beautiful and pleasant to hear.Then he asked, do you have any secrets?
Pao Ding put down his knife and replied: "Actually, what I like is 'Tao', which has surpassed the technical level. When I first dismembered a cow, all I saw was a whole cow; after three years, I have never seen a whole cow. As far as the current situation is concerned, I touch the cow with my mind instead of looking at the cow with my eyes. The sensory functions stop and the mind fully operates. According to the natural physiological structure of the cow, the gap between the muscles and muscles is split and the joints are guided. The knife is cut along the original structure of the cow. It doesn’t even touch the place where the meridians connect and the flesh and blood meet, let alone the big bones! A good chef changes his knife every year because he uses a knife to cut meat; I change a knife every month, because I use a knife to cut bones. Now I have used this knife for nineteen years, dismembered thousands of cows, and the blade is still as if it has just been sharpened from the whetstone. Between the joints of the cow There are gaps, but my blade is so thin that there is no thickness; cutting into the joints with gaps with a blade without thickness, it is naturally wide and has room for movement. So after nineteen years of use, the blade is still as freshly sharpened. Even so , Whenever I encounter a part where the bones are intertwined, I know it is difficult to deal with, so I will be very careful, focus my eyes, move slowly, and then move the knife a little, and the cattle's limbs will split apart and scatter on the ground like dirt."
Pao Ding described his process of untying the ox, and uttered the confident idiom "with ease".The reason why he was able to reach this state is the most important eight words: according to the law of heaven, because it is true.According to the "natural order" and "original structure" of the cow, the knife becomes a kind of entertainment, which is very easy. You will feel that after the cow is finished, the cow does not know that he has been freed, and he dies in front of him. In the hand, there seems to be no pain.Therefore, everything has a certain order and structure. Once you understand it, you will find clues and tricks, and you can easily turn it from big to small, and from small to nothing.In this way, the people who do things are very relaxed, without much effort, and the things you do or the problems you deal with are all solved because you can grasp the key points.Then, Pao Ding said that after he finished untying the ox: "Stand up with the knife in hand, look around for it, be full of ambition for it, and hide it if you are good at it."
Standing with the knife in hand, looking around, with a calm and complacent attitude, then wipe the knife clean and store it away. The word "smug and full of ambition", we usually imagine what kind of leader we want to be. What I am talking about here is only a worker in charge of slaughtering cattle.In "Zhuangzi·Tian Zifang", Zhuangzi described that Sun Shuao, the prime minister of the state of Chu, went up and down three times. When others asked him to go to power, he went to power; when others asked him to step down, he was not only not angry, but very happy.In other words, on and off the stage, and whatever he does, he just goes with the flow and is poised.Therefore, the prime minister can be full of ambitions, and so can the cook.In Zhuangzi's mind, there is no distinction between high and low status, high or low occupation.You don't care what kind of work you do, what matters is how you do it.You do things with ease, keep improving within the fixed norms, improve from technology to art, and reach the state of perfection, so that others look and think it is wonderful and worth appreciating, you may as well enjoy the happiness of "smug" .
After Zhuangzi finished telling the story, he then handed over the topic to the cook's boss, Wen Huijun.Wen Huijun said: "That's great, I realized how to keep in good health from your experience of untying the cow." How to keep in good health?Still those eight words: according to the law of heaven, because it is true.Live according to the natural order and develop according to the original situation. If you can do these two things, not only your life can be preserved, but the things around you will gradually get on track.
Confucius is a typical teacher. He said: "Reviewing the old and learning the new, you can be a teacher!" Here, "old" refers to the books left by the ancients, and it can also refer to the materials that one is already familiar with. "New" is to comprehend new principles.Why can we learn the new by reviewing the past?Because the knowledge in books and the experience of daily life are mutually confirmed, it will lead to different experiences.However, no matter how perfect the classics are, they must rely on experience, otherwise they will not be of much use after reading, and at best they will turn themselves into two-legged bookcases.It records a story of "Huan Gong Reading", which puts forward Zhuangzi's views on "reading".
Duke Huan was reading in the upper hall, and the wheel was flattened and the wheel was in the lower hall, and the shaft was chiseled up. He asked Duke Huan, "Dare to ask: "What is wrong with the readers of the Duke? "The Duke said: "The words of the saints are also. Said: "Saints care?" The Duke said: "It's dead." " Said: "But what you read is the dross of the ancients! "Huan Gong said: "The widow reads, and the wheel is safe to discuss!If you have something to say, you can, if you don't say it, you will die! " Lun Bian said: "The minister also looks at it from the minister's affairs.Chop the wheel, if it is slow, it will be sweet but not solid, if it is sick, it will be bitter but not enter it, if it is neither slow nor sick, it can be obtained in the hand but should be in the heart, the mouth cannot speak, and the number is stored in it.The minister cannot use it as a metaphor for the son of the minister, and the son of the minister cannot accept it from the minister, so he is old at the age of seventy.The ancients are dead even if they cannot be passed on, but what you read, the dross of the ancients is gone! "("Zhuangzi · The Way of Heaven")
Duke Huan was reading in the hall, and Lun Bian was making wheels in the lower hall.Lun Bian put down his awl, went up to the hall and asked Duke Huan, "My lord, what kind of speeches are you reading?" Duke Huan said, "The words of a sage." Lun Bian asked, "Is the sage still alive?" Duke Huan said: "It's already dead." Lun Bian said: "Then what adults read is just the dross of the ancients!" Huan Gong said: "I read books, how can the wheeler talk about it casually! Just give the reason, and say no If there is a reason, you will be sentenced to death." Lunbian said: "I see it from what I have done. When making a wheel, if you start slowly, it will loosen and not firm, and if you start quickly, it will be tight and cannot be inserted. Or else Whether it is slow or not, what you get is what you get in your hand and what you get in your heart. You can’t speak it out, but there is a mysterious technique in it. I can’t pass it on to my son, and my son can’t inherit it from me, so I’m seventy years old I am still making the wheel. The ancients and their unteachable experience have disappeared, so what your majesty reads is nothing but the dross of the ancients."
"Dross" is the rice bran left over from washing rice, which is useless.It's okay for a majestic king of a country to study there, while a worker who makes wheels makes random comments.So Huan Gong was very angry when he heard it, and said that if you don't tell the truth, you will be sentenced to death.The worker who made the wheel is not too young. He took it easy and told some of his experience in making the wheel.He said that making a wheel requires a long-term training. How to use force with the hands, when to be fast and when to be slow, my hands understand, to what extent do I understand?I know it in my heart, but I can’t explain it, so I can’t teach this technique to my son. I made wheels until I was 70 years old before I could “get it in my hands and respond to it in my heart”, but I still can’t take off the burden. Why?Because the son still needs to be tempered slowly, and he can't be alone.
What does this experience of making wheels show?It shows that a person has been doing a business for decades, and indeed has some skills and experience, but he can't express it, let alone write it. Why?Because there will be a gap between what you say and write and the actual situation, which means that it is not enough for you to just read the things in the books. You must practice and rehearse yourself to understand the mystery.Just like what is written in martial arts novels, it is not enough to just look at the secrets of how to practice martial arts, you must draw a picture, how to guide the qi into the dantian, how to do each move, you must figure it out before you can learn it; after you learn it, you need someone to guide it , Be sure, if no one cares, I'm afraid I will go crazy in the end.
Therefore, regarding Duke Huan's reading, Lunbian reminded him that you should not just read rote books, the books written by the ancients are the fruits of his thoughts, and the thoughts themselves are flexible, you must know how to apply them.We have been reading since childhood, and all we see are words. How much this text can inspire you is a question.Indian philosophy talks about three levels of human wisdom: the first is "hearing", listening to what the teacher has to say; the second is "thinking", thinking by yourself; the third is "cultivating", practicing it yourself.The three wisdoms of listening, thinking, and meditating are different.If you only listen to what the teacher says, and forget about it when you are finished, there is no more than four inches between your mouth and your ears, and your ears hear what your mouth says, and you quote what the teacher says, that is not true wisdom.If you think about what the teacher said and say it again in your own words, you will have your own experience.For example, when I was teaching, I asked students to write book reports, just to see how much they understood and whether they had any insights of their own.But real enlightenment depends on "cultivation", that is, practice, thinking clearly about what the teacher said, and trying to do it. When people drink water, they know whether they are warm or cold.
The story of "Huan Gong Reading" tells the truth about how to read through the ages.Why can a society progress?Because after generations of people read books, they can think, practice, get more experience, and continue to pass it on.Otherwise, culture cannot be passed on, and human civilization cannot progress.Therefore, on the one hand, you need to read the book, but to digest the wisdom in the book, you must operate it yourself and combine it with practice, so that you can have a truly profound experience.Once you have gained experience, you will no longer be obsessed with superficial words and sentences.
"Beauty" is a subjective judgment.In human society, there are indeed a small number of people who are recognized as beauties, and there are four mentioned: Xi Shi, Mao Qiang, Li Ji, and Wu Zhuang.Mao Qiang was the favorite concubine of the king of Yue, and Li Ji was the wife of Duke Xian of Jin, both of whom were beauties in ancient times.But Zhuangzi questioned that the "right place, right taste, and right color" affirmed by humans (a really comfortable place to live, a really delicious taste, and a really pleasing beauty) are completely unacceptable to other animals.
Mao Qiang and Li Ji, the beauty of people, the deepness of fish, the high flight of birds, and the decisiveness of elk; who of the four knows the true color of the world? "("Zhuangzi Equality of Things")
Mao Qiang and Li Ji are beautiful women admired by everyone, but when fish see them, they dive into the bottom of the water, birds fly high when they see them, and elk run away quickly when they see them.Among these four, who knows what is the real beauty in the world?
When we describe a person as beautiful, we say that she has the posture of "sinking fish and falling geese". This idiom comes from here.But Zhuangzi's original intention was not to say that she is beautiful, but to say that we humans recognize beauty and other animals do not accept it.Mao Qiang and Li Ji are very beautiful, but when these beauties went to the river, the fish scared away, the birds flew away, and the elk ran very fast like seeing a ghost.Why?Because you have to ask a fish, who is the most beautiful?The answer is of course another fish; ask a bird, who is the most beautiful?The answer is another bird; the same goes for elk.When Zhuangzi looks at all things, he must first restore the value of all things themselves, and not use human thoughts as the only criterion for value judgments, that is, to get rid of "anthropocentrism".Because it is unfair to all things to be judged by human values.As soon as you connect with human feelings and human needs, this beauty is restricted.
If the people sleep in wet, they will suffer from waist disease and die, is it true?At the wooden place, there is trembling and fear, is it like an ape?Which of the three knows the right place?The people eat grass, the elk eats food, the gnats are sweet, and the owls are addicted to rats. Which of the four knows the right taste? ("Zhuangzi Equality of Things")
People who sleep in wet places will suffer from low back pain, and even hemiplegia. Will loach do the same?When people live in trees, they will be worried and afraid. Will apes be like this?Among these three, who knows where the real comfortable place is?Humans eat meat, elk eat grass, centipedes like small snakes, owls and crows like mice; of these four, who knows what the real delicious taste is?
What loaches and monkeys find comfortable, people can’t stand; the food that people eat, some animals can’t digest; the beauty that people think of is not necessarily recognized by other animals.So, is anthropocentrism right?This is the question Zhuangzi inspires us to think about.However, remove the concept of "anthropocentrism", what is left?This is also a problem.Because human beings are human after all, if human beings don’t think from the perspective of human beings, imagine for birds, fish, loaches, and apes, but you will never become a bird, fish, loach, or ape, then you Is the assumption made for them right?Just like many people keep pets and dress their dogs in winter, the dog later went to see a psychiatrist.Why?Because he went to the street and saw that other dogs don’t wear clothes, but I wear clothes. Is there anything wrong with my dog?There are many animal psychologists in the West. Many cats and dogs become abnormal after getting along with people for a long time. Why?So people are sometimes too subjective, thinking about this and that, but it may cause various consequences that they don't like to see.Moreover, the value standards of human beings are also diversified.The long-necked tribes in Africa let girls wear copper rings around their necks since they were young. The longer the neck is stretched, the more beautiful it is; the beautiful women here in the past, they would think it is too ugly because the neck is short.Zhuangzi said that Duke Huan of Qi once met a man who had a strange shape and a thick neck.After Qi Huangong watched him for a long time, he thought why the necks of ordinary people are so thin.In other words, many values of human beings are different due to customs and habits; so why insist on using human values as the only criterion for judging all things?After Zhuangzi cited these examples, he went on to say: Self-concept, benevolence and righteousness are perfect, right and wrong are confused, and I am confused and confused, and I can tell the difference between evil and evil! ("Zhuangzi Equality of Things")
From my point of view, the threads of benevolence and righteousness, and the paths of right and wrong are all complicated and chaotic. How can I know the difference between them?
What's the meaning?Zhuangzi is criticizing Confucianism. Confucianism likes to talk about benevolence and righteousness, but after talking like this for a long time, what if someone can't do it?Pretend.As a result, if some people pretend to be benevolent, hypocritical or unrighteous, and still pretend to be benevolent, wouldn't the world be in chaos?So, how can you tell what kind of values are really good for human beings?When Zhuangzi said this, he did not deliberately oppose Confucius, but felt that Confucianism’s overemphasis on "benevolence and righteousness" would make many people who lack foundation become show and play in order to show the external behavior of benevolence and righteousness; or I think this set of "benevolence and righteousness" The standard is very good, but it is used to measure others, but it ignores or even obliterates a kind of value naturally brought about by human nature.
Zhuangzi's observations are very profound and accurate.The problem that people are prone to make while living in the world is "subjectivity", measuring everything with human values as the standard, or judging others with their own values as the standard.But if you look at it from the perspective of "Tao" from another angle, you will find that there is the brilliance of "Tao" everywhere in all things, and all things have their own beauty.There is a proverb in the West: "Nature does not jump." It means that there is no so-called vacuum in nature, and all phenomena develop continuously, thus forming an interactive whole.That being the case, what is dispensable or useless?
"I think I am beautiful" comes from "Zhuangzi·Shanmu".The traveler has two concubines, one is beautiful and the other is evil.The evil is expensive and the beautiful is cheap.Yangzi asked why, and Nilu boy said to him: "The beautiful ones are beautiful in themselves, and I don't know their beauty; the evil ones are evil in themselves, and I don't know their evil." Yangzi said: "My disciples remember it! Go for the virtuous The way of self-worth is to go in peace and not to love!" ("Zhuangzi·Shanmu")
Yangzi went to the state of Song and lived in an inn.The owner of the inn has two concubines, one is beautiful and the other is ugly; the ugly one is favored by the master, but the beautiful one is neglected.Yangzi asked why, and the innkeeper said: "The beautiful thinks she is beautiful, but I don't think she is beautiful. The ugly one thinks she is ugly, but I don't think she is ugly." Yangzi said: "Disciples, remember that doing good And don't think that you have good deeds, where will you be unloved?"
The meaning of this passage is not complicated.A man has two concubines, one beautiful and one ugly.As a result, this man is very cold towards beautiful women, but he is very fond of ugly women.Ordinary people will wonder, how can there be such a person, it seems to be reversed.The answer is simple. He said that the beautiful thinks she is beautiful, but I don't think she is beautiful; the ugly thinks herself ugly, but I don't think she is ugly.why?Because a person is beautiful and thinks she is beautiful, she will naturally have a kind of arrogance. She thinks that I look better than others, and she is very proud; on the contrary, if a person looks ugly, she knows that she is ugly, and her personality will be gentler and more humble. .And after getting along with people for a long time, the appearance is really not important anymore, because it is very familiar to look at every day, so what can you do if you are good-looking?For example, many people wonder why Prince Charles of the United Kingdom likes Camilla more than Diana?The whole world knows that Diana is beautiful, and she often appears on the cover of magazines; Camilla may have to wear a little makeup when she appears in magazines; but Prince Charles chose Camilla, which happens to be "beautiful is itself, and I I don't know its beauty."
The most important thing for people to get along with others is to see whether the spirits are congenial and whether the breath can communicate.If you are humble and gentle, the breath will naturally communicate easily. Who doesn't like to get along with humble and gentle people?On the contrary, you feel that you have all kinds of superior conditions, so you develop a proud attitude, and others will not be willing to approach you.Confucius said: "If you have the beauty of Duke Zhou's talent, if you are arrogant and stingy, the rest is nothing." Not worth admiring, why?Because pride represents self-centeredness and likes to compare with others; stinginess represents dislike of helping others, no matter how talented you are, it is only four words: selfishness.In this way, how can others appreciate you?
Zhuangzi is well aware of this situation.He said that if a person is beautiful, if no one tells her, she will not think she is beautiful; if someone tells her, "Oh, you are so beautiful", she will suddenly like to look in the mirror and compare herself with others. In the end, her beauty is only the appearance.Our society today attaches great importance to advertising, media, and all kinds of publicity.Some handsome men and women are actually quite wronged, because they are beautiful, everyone looks at them, and they are forced to pay attention to their appearance, so that they have no time to take care of their hearts.Or some people have good connotations, but they have no chance to express themselves because their appearance is too beautiful.But appearance cannot be relied on. It is impossible for a person to gain fame by being handsome or beautiful at a certain age.When you reach a certain age, you must admit that time is not forgiving, and what is more important and permanent for people is inner cultivation.You need to be able to know yourself and know what you want to pursue in this life.When you interact with others, try to minimize the influence they have on you.If people often say to you, oops, you are beautiful or how you are, it will be a temptation for you, making you lose the opportunity to understand yourself and forget to cultivate your inner part.Regardless of whether a person is beautiful or ugly on the outside, he still has to go back to his heart to gain a foothold in the end.
So Yangzi finally said to the students: "Practice the virtuous and go away from the virtuous, live in peace and not love?" You can do good deeds, but don't always forget that you have done good deeds. In this way, no matter where you go, no one will welcome you How about you?It’s like what Lao Tzu said, “Those who attack themselves have no merit.” If you boast about yourself, you won’t get credit for it; if you don’t boast about yourself, others will remember that you have credit for it.The more humble and restrained a person is, the more others like to talk about your achievements. This is a natural state of human nature.Because your modesty is less threatening and less stressful to him, he may be happy to acknowledge your accomplishments.On the contrary, if you boast and boast about yourself, others will feel pressured and threatened when they see you, and they will be unwilling to admit that you are outstanding.There is a saying in the West: "He who is good at hiding is good at living." A person who is good at hiding is good at living.If you don't hide it, but show it if you have a little bit of ability, you will be eradicated by others immediately.Whether you look at the development of politics, the more talented and prominent people are, the first to be settled by others.On the contrary, those mediocre people who you don't know what they will do live a very comfortable life.
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